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MITCHELSTOWN, or STROKESTOWN, a parish, in the barony of LOWER SLANE, county of MEATH, and province of LEINSTER, 2 3/4 miles (S. E.) from Nobber, on the road from Kells to Ardee, containing 303 inhabitants. This parish comprises 738 statute acres, as applotted under the tithe act. It is a rectory, in the diocese of Meath, forming part of the union of Syddan; the tithes amount to £46.3. 1.; the glebe comprises 8 1/2 acres, valued at £10. 4. 8. per annum. In the R. C. divisions it is part of the union or district of Lobbinstown. There are remains of an old church, and of a castle contiguous.

MOATE, or MOATE-A-GRENOGE, a market and post-town, partly in the parish of KILMANAGHAN, but chiefly in that of KILCLEAGH, barony of CLONLONAN, county of WESTMEATH, and province of LEINSTER, 7 3/4 miles (E. by S.) from Athlone, and 52 (W. by S.) from Dublin, on the mail coach road to Athlone; containing 1785 inhabitants. This place takes its name from a rath or moat at the back of the town, in what was originally the territory of the McLoughlins, and which was called after Grace McLoughlin, Grana-oge, or "Grace's Moat." During the war of the Revolution, a large body of the adherents of James II., which had been pursued from Ballymore by the forces under Gen. de Ginkel, drew up here in order to give battle to their pursuers; but they were driven into the town, whence, after they had vainly endeavoured to intrench themselves, they fled to Athlone, with the loss of about 300 men, several officers, their baggage, a great quantity of arms, and 500 horses. On their arrival at Athlone their defeat had caused such consternation in the garrison of that place, that the gates were closed against the fugitives from a fear of admitting their pursuers also, and several fled for shelter to the bogs and many perished in the river. The town, which is neatly built and of pleasing appearance, contains 330 houses, of which number, 244 are slated, and the remainder thatched. The manufacture of cottons and linens, formerly carried on here to a very great extent, is now much diminished, affording employment only to about 100 persons; and several large distilleries and breweries have been altogether discontinued. The market is on Thursday, and fairs are held on April 25th, June 22nd, Oct. 2nd, and Dec. 3rd. A chief constabulary police force is stationed here; a manorial court is held on the first Monday in every alternate month; petty sessions on alternate Thursdays, and the general quarter sessions for the district at the usual times. The court-house is a commodious building; attached to it is a small bridewell. The parish church of Kilcleagh is situated in the town; there are also a R. C. chapel, a small convent to which a chapel is attached, places of worship for the Society of Friends, Baptists, and Wesleyan Methodists, and a dispensary. Moate Castle is the seat of Cuthbert J. Clibborn, Esq.

MOATHILL. -- See MOTHELL.

MOBLUSK. -- See MOLUSK.

MOCKTOWN, or GRANGEMOCKSTOWN, also called RATHBIN, a parish, in the barony of GOWRAN, county of KILKENNY, and province of LEINSTER: the population is returned with the parish of Garranamanna, in which this is considered to have merged. In the incumbent's titles it is denominated a rectory and vicarage, in the diocese of Ossory, being one of the several parishes and denominations forming the union of Burnchurch.

MOCOLLOP, a parish, in the barony of COSHMORE, county of WATERFORD, and province of MUNSTER, 6 miles (W.) from Lismore, 011 the road to Fermoy, and on the river Blackwater; containing 3503 inhabitants. James, the seventh Earl of Desmond, died at his castle here in 1462. The castle continued in the possession of the Desmonds until forfeited by the treason of Gerald, the 16th earl, in 1583 it was defended against Cromwell's forces in 1650. The surface of the parish is chiefly rugged, and the land of inferior quality: on its verge, in the picturesque dell of Araglin, were formerly some iron-works. The seat of Francis Drew, Esq., is situated in a richly planted demesne, having an unusual extent of orchard, the cider produced from which is very celebrated. The living is a rectory and vicarage, in the diocese of Lismore; the rectory is united to that of Lismore, and appropriate to the dean and chapter; the vicarage is also united to that of Lismore, and appropriate to the vicars choral. The amount of tithes is included in that of Lismore. The church is a neat building. In the R. C. divisions the parish forms part of the union or district of Lismore: the chapel is at the village of Ballyduff. In a school, aided by F. Drew, Esq., and the vicars choral, about 120 children are taught; there are also three private schools, in which are about 190 children, and a Sunday school. Ruins of an ancient castle exist.

MODELIGO, a parish, in the barony of DECIES-without-DRUM, county of WATERFORD, and province of MUNSTER, 6 1/2 miles (E. by N.) from Lismore; containing 2116 inhabitants. It is situated on the river Phinisk, and comprises 7536 statute acres, of which 1273 are mountain. Within its limits are the ruins of many ancient buildings, of which the principal formerly belonged to the McGraths, who were extensive proprietors in this part of the country: of these the castle of Sledy was built by Philip McGrath in 1628, and there are also considerable remains of another, called Mountain castle, where a fair is held on the 1st of May. At Kilkenny is a fine vein of lead ore, near the surface, from which the ore is taken up in a powdered state with the shovel, and used by the potters for glazing: the contiguity of a deep ravine affords great facilities for working it. The principal seat is Rockfield, the handsome mansion of Pierse Hely, Esq. The living is a rectory and vicarage, in the diocese of Lismore: the rectory forms the corps of the prebend of Modeligo in the cathedral of Lismore; and the vicarage is united to that of Kilgobinet, together forming the union of Modeligo, in the patronage of the Bishop. The tithes amount to £270, of which two-thirds are payable to the prebendary, and the remainder to the vicar. In the R. C. divisions the parish is the head of a union or district, comprising also the parish of Affane, each containing a chapel. About 220 children are educated in a school partly supported by the R. C. clergyman; and about 60 are taught in two private schools. The ruins of the old church still remain. There is a vitriolic spring in the parish, the water of which is clear and of a sharp and acid taste.

MODESHILL, a parish, in the barony of SLIEVARDAGH, county of TIPPERARY, and province of MUNSTER, 3 miles (S. S. W.) from Callan; containing 998 inhabitants. It is situated on the confines of the county of Kilkenny, and comprises 2862 statute acres, as applotted under the tithe act, and valued at £2784 per annum. It is a rectory and vicarage, in the diocese of Cashel, forming part of the union and corps of the archdeaconry of Cashel: the tithes amount to £260.

MODREENY, a parish, in the barony of LOWER ORMOND, county of TIPPERARY, and province of MUNSTER, 3 miles (S. S. E.) from Burris-o'-Kane, on one of the public roads from Nenagh to Parsonstown; containing, with the town and district parish of Cloghjordan, 4306 inhabitants. It comprises about 9220 statute acres, of which 6l26 3/4, consisting chiefly of arable and pasture land, are applotted under the tithe act: the remainder is waste and bog. The woods of Knocknacrea and Ballycapple, the former of which is a noted fox cover, occupy 120 acres: the state of agriculture is gradually improving. At Coolnagrower is a quarry of good stone, and the bogs furnish an abundant supply of turf. The parish is embellished with numerous seats, some of which are surrounded by beautiful and well-planted demesnes: the principal are Merton Hall, the residence of Robert Hall, Esq., a spacious mansion; Modreeny House, of W. H. Head, Esq.; Modreeny, of Sir Amyrald Dancer, Bart.; Park House, the property of Wm. Trench, Esq., but now the residence of De La Pere A. J. Robinson, Esq.; Wood House, the residence of Stuart Trench, Esq.; Ballynavin Castle, of Mrs. Robinson; Fort William, of Anthony Parker, Esq.; Northland, of Wm. Smith, Esq.; Hilton, of Thomas Dancer, Esq.; Behamore Castle, of Benjamin Hawkshaw, Esq.; View Mount, of Thomas R. Barnes, Esq.; Cloghkeating, of A. Robinson, Esq.; Willow Lodge, of Jas. Fleetwood, Esq.; Elysium, of Thomas Ely, Esq.; the glebe-house, of the Rev. W. T. Homan; and Ballycapple Cottage, the property of the Rev. R. Stoney. The living is a rectory and vicarage, in the diocese of Killaloe, and in the patronage of the Bishop: the tithes amount to £533. 8. 11. The glebe-house, which stands on a glebe of 10 acres, was built about 1813, when the late Board of First Fruits gave £250 and lent £550 towards its erection. The church was rebuilt in 1828. In the R. C. divisions the parish forms part of the union or district of Cloghjordan; the chapel of Modreeny, which stands on an eminence in the townland of Coolnamanna, is a handsome modern edifice. In the parochial schools, partly supported by S. Trench, Esq., and the rector, and partly by private subscriptions, about 150 children are educated: there are also three private schools, containing about 140 children, and three Sunday schools. At Ballycapple, Cloghkeating, and Behamore, are the ruins of the castles respectively so called; and in the demesne of Modreeny House are some remains of another, which appears to have been destroyed by gunpowder.

MOGEALY, barony of IMOKILLY, county of CORK. -- See IMOGEELY.

MOGEALY, MOGEELA, or MOYGEELAGH, a parish, in the barony of KINNATALOON, county of CORK, and province of MUNSTER, 2 1/4 miles (W.) from Tallow, on the road to Fermoy; containing 3095 inhabitants. It is situated on the south side of the river Bride, and on the confines of the county of Waterford, and, including Templebelagh, comprises 9369 1/4 statute acres, as applotted under the tithe act. The land is in general good, particularly in the vale of the Bride, where it rests on a substratum of limestone; but the higher grounds towards the south and east are entirely composed of clay-slate. In many places the soil is light, well cultivated, and productive, and some of the land towards the east is occupied as nurseries for raising fruit and forest trees. The surface is very uneven, in some places mountainous; about 2000 acres consist of rough stony land chiefly in pasture and mostly reclaimable. Near Curriglass is found a white tenacious clay, which, when mixed with water, resembles lime in colour, and is in consequence occasionally used for whitening walls. The scenery in the vale of the Bride is interesting; and within the limits of the parish are several handsome seats, the principal of which are Lisnabrin House, the residence of Capt. Croker; Mount Prospect, of Mrs. Bowles; Curriglass House, of W. Gumbleton, Esq.; Lisnabrin Lodge, of Thos. Carew, Esq.; Frankfort, of F. Woodley, Esq.; Rockfield, of Chas. Welsh, Esq.; Woodview, of the Rev. G. Nason; and Curriglass Cottage, of the Rev. G. J. Gwynne: there are also several good houses occupied by wealthy farmers. The living is a rectory and vicarage, in the diocese of Cloyne, united to the particle of Templebelagh, and in the patronage of the Bishop: the tithes amount to £725. The glebes comprise 5 acres, of which 3a. 1r. 36p. are at Templevally, and the remainder near the old church. The present church, in the village of Curriglass, is a small but neat edifice, in the early English style, erected in 1776, and for its repair the Ecclesiastical Commissioners have lately granted £121. In the R. C. divisions the parish forms part of the union or district of Knockmourne: a large chapel has been lately built at Glengowra, and the old chapel, at Lisnabrin, is shut up. The parochial school at Templevalley is chiefly supported by the rector, who has allotted 3 1/2 acres of the glebe for that purpose; a school at Lisnabrin is supported by a grant from the Ecclesiastical Commissioners and subscriptions from the Cloyne Scriptural School Association and individuals: there are also a Sunday school and a National school. On the south bank of the river Bride, at the old village of Moygeelah, and commanding the pass of the valley and river, are the extensive and picturesque ruins of a castle, once the splendid residence of Thomas, Earl of Desmond: it was reduced by Queen Elizabeth's forces during the rebellion in the latter part of her reign. Near it are the ruins of the old church of Moidgheallidh, or "Church of the vow;" and at Templevalley are those of a church erected by the Knights Templars, in 1302.

MOGEESHA, or IMOGEESHY, a parish, in the barony of BARRYMORE, county of CORK, and province of MUNSTER, 11 1/2 miles (S. by E.) from Rathcormac, on the road from Cork to Youghal, and on the navigable portion of Midleton river; containing 1985 inhabitants. The parish is situated on the north-eastern part of Cork harbour, and comprises 3434 statute acres, of which about 100 are woodland, 2500 arable, 700 pasture, and the remainder marshy and waste land: the substratum is limestone, which is here solely used for agricultural purposes; the system of husbandry is improving. At Ballyannan, in this parish, was the country residence of Lord Chancellor Midleton, several times one of the Lords Justices, but the mansion is in ruins. The principal seats are Ballintobber, the residence of -- Heard, Esq.; Rossmore, of T. Coppinger, Esq.; Ballyannan, of J. Adams, Esq.; and Ballyhoody, of --Wigmore, Esq. The living is a rectory and vicarage, in the diocese of Cloyne, and in the patronage of the Bishop; the tithes amount to £809.3. 10. Divine service is performed in a private house, which is licensed by the bishop, until the re-erection of the church. In the R. C. divisions the parish forms part of the union or district of Carrigtohill. The male and female parochial schools are aided by a donation of £8 per annum from the rector; they afford instruction to about 30 children; and in two private schools are about 90 children.

MOGORBANE, a parish, in the barony of MIDDLETHIRD, county of TIPPERARY, and province of MUNSTER, 5 miles (E.) from Cashel, on the road from Clonmel to Thurles and Nenagh; containing 1282 inhabitants. It comprises 6522 statute acres, as applotted under the tithe act, and contains an abundance of limestone. The principal seats are Mobarnan Manor, the handsome and well-planted demesne of M. Jacob, Esq.; Beechmount, the residence of T. G. Phillips, Esq.; and Silverfort, of J. S cully, Esq. It is a perpetual curacy, in the diocese of Cashel, and in the gift of the Archbishop, to whose mensal the rectory is appropriate. The tithes, amounting to £230, are entirely payable to the archbishop, who allows a stipend to the curate: there is a glebe-house. The church is a neat Gothic structure, built about 20 years since. In the R. C. divisions the parish forms part of the union or district of Killenaule, and has a chapel at Moyglass. In the parochial school, built on an acre of ground given by S. Jacob, Esq., who also contributed £40 towards its erection, about 40 children are educated; and there are two private schools, containing about 170 children. Some remains of Mobarnan and Ballyvaiden castles still exist; and there are several ancient forts.

MOHER CLIFFS. -- See KILMACREHY.

MOHILL, a market and post-town, and a parish, partly in the barony and county of LONGFORD, province of LEINSTER, and partly in the barony of LEITRIM, but chiefly in the barony of MOHILL, county of LEITRIM, and province of CONNAUGHT, 85 miles (S. E.) from Carrick-on-shannon, and 74 1/4 (W. N. W.) from Dublin, on the mail coach road to Sligo; containing 16,664 inhabitants, of which number, 1606 are in the town. This place, at a very early period, was the site of an abbey founded for canons regular in 608, and dedicated to the Blessed Virgin, by St. Manchan, who died in 652. The establishment, which was amply endowed with glebes, tithes, vassals' fees, and other lands, existed till the dissolution, and in 1621, the rectory, as part of its possessions, was granted to Henry Crofton, Esq., under the commission for the plantation of Leitrim. The town, which is neatly built, contains 305 houses; and derives its chief trade from its situation on a public thoroughfare. The market is on Thursday, and is well supplied with grain and provisions of every kind; the fairs are on the first Thursday in January, Feb. 3rd and 25th, March 17th, April 14th, May 8th. first Thursday in June, July 31st, Aug. 1st and 18th, second Thursday in Sept., Oct. 19th, Nov. 10th, and the first Thursday in December. A chief constabulary police force is stationed here, and petty sessions are held on alternate Saturdays.

The parish comprises 29,782 statute acres, of which 19,450 are good arable and pasture land, 60 woodland, and 10,270 are bog and waste; the soil is fertile, but the system of agriculture has hitherto been much neglected, though at present exertions are being made for its improvement. Limestone abounds and is quarried for agricultural purposes; and there are some quarries of very good freestone, which is raised for building; iron ore is found, but no mines have been yet opened. The principal seats are Clooncar, the residence of the Rev. A. Crofton; Drumard, of Theophilus B. Jones, Esq.; Drumrahan, of J. O'Brien, Esq.; Drumregan, of J. W. O'Brien, Esq.; Bonnybeg, of W. Lawder, Esq.; and Aughamore, of C. Armstrong, Esq. The scenery is greatly varied and in some parts enlivened by the fiver Shannon, which skirts a portion of the parish on the south-west. The living is a vicarage, in the diocese of Ardagh, and in the patronage of the Bishop; the rectory is impropriate in Sir M. Crofton, Bart. The tithes amount to £651. 10. l 1/2., of which £218. 3. 4 1/2. is payable to the impropriator, and the remainder to the vicar. The glebe-house was built in 1823, at an expense of £1569. 4. 7 1/2., of which £969. 4. 7 1/2. was a loan and £92. 6. 1 3/4. a gift from the late Board of First Fruits; the glebe comprises 500 acres, valued at £380 per annum. The church, a modern edifice, towards the erection of which the late Board of First Fruits granted a loan of £378, in 1815, is built partly on the site of the old abbey, and was recently repaired by a grant of £768 from the Ecclesiastical Commissioners. In the R. C. divisions the parish constitutes a benefice in two portions; there are chapels respectively at Mohill, Cavan, Clonturk, and Clonmorris; and there is a place of worship for Wesleyan Methodists. Nearly 700 children are taught in eight public schools, five of which are aided by an annual donation of £10 each from Lord Clements, who also gave the sites for the school-houses; and there are fifteen private schools, in which are about 900 children. There are also a dispensary, and a loan fund with a capital of £300. The only remains of the ancient abbey are a small circular tower; at Clonmorris are the ruins of a monastery, said to have been founded by St. Morris, and at Tullagoran is a druidical altar. There is a strong sulphureous spring at Mulock, more aperient than that of Swanlinbar; and at Athirnonus, about half a mile distant, is another of similar quality.

MOIRA, MOYRAGH, or ST. INNS of MOIRA, anciently called MOIRATH, a post-town and parish, in the barony of LOWER IVEAGH, county of DOWN, and province of ULSTER, 13 miles (S. W.) from Belfast, on the road to Armagh, and 71 1/2 (N.) from Dublin; containing 3801 inhabitants, of whom 787 are in the town. In 637, a sanguinary battle between the exiled Congal Cloan and Donald, King of Ireland, is said to have been fought here, which terminated in the defeat of Congal. The parish, which is on the river Lagan and the Belfast and Lough Neagh canal, comprises, according to the Ordnance survey, 6096 1/4 statute acres, all rich arable land, under an excellent system of cultivation. It is at the western termination of a ridge of white limestone; there are many kilns always at work, and vast quantities of the stone in its natural state are annually sent away by the canal, and by land carriage, to distant parts. There are also quarries of excellent basalt, in great request for building; freestone is found of superior quality; and there are thin seams of coal in several parts, which are not worked. An excellent line of road has recently been opened hence to Lisburn, and other improvements are in progress. Moira was at one time celebrated for the manufacture of linen, large quantities having been made, sold, and bleached in the town and neighbourhood; its improvement was greatly attributable to the fostering care of Sir John Rawdon, and to the first Earl of Moira, who gave premiums, and otherwise encouraged the manufacture; but it has long been on the decline, and little is done in the market, the brown webs being chiefly sent to the market of Lisburn: yet there are some extensive manufacturers in and near the parish, who give out the yarn as piecework. The town, though small, is well built, and remarkably clean; it is the property of Sir R. Bateson, Bart., and consists of one long spacious street, containing a court-house, a large handsome building, erected by the proprietor, in which a manor-court is held, every three weeks, for the recovery of debts under £5, by civil bill and attachment; petty sessions are also held here on alternate Mondays, and it is a constabulary police station. Fairs take place on the first Thursday in February, May, Aug., and Nov., for black cattle, pigs, agricultural produce, pedlery, &c. The principal seats are Waringfield, the residence of T. Waring, Esq.; and the glebe-house, of the Rev. W. H. Wynne. The Moira demesne is very extensive and well wooded, possessing many large and rare trees planted by the first Earl of Moira, with a noble avenue leading to the site of the castle, long since demolished: the demesne is now the property of Sir R. Bateson, whose residence is at Belvoir Park, in the adjoining county of Antrim.

The living is a rectory, in the diocese of Dromore, and in the patronage of the Bishop: the tithes amount to £351. 15, 7. The glebe comprises 17 acres, valued at £51 per ann.; the glebe-house, a handsome building, was erected in 1799, at an expense of £710. 3., British currency. This was formerly part of the parish of Magheralin, and was made a distinct parish about 1725, shortly after which the church was erected, at the joint expense of Sir John Rawdon and the Earl of Hillsborough: it is a large and handsome Gothic edifice, with a square tower surmounted by a spire, in excellent repair, and, from its situation on an eminence above the town, forming a beautiful object in this rich and well-planted district. In the R. C. divisions the parish is the head of a union or district, comprising Moira and Magheralin, in each of which is a chapel. There is a meetinghouse for Presbyterians in connection with the Remonstrant Synod, of the third class; also one for those of the Seceding Synod, of the second class; and there are places of worship for Wesleyan and Primitive Methodists. There are parochial schools at Moira and Lurganville, supported by Sir R. Bateson, Bart., and the rector; a school for females at Moira, established in 1820 by Lady Bateson, who built the school-house, a large and handsome edifice with a residence for the mistress attached, and by whom also the children are principally clothed; and at Battier is a national school. These schools afford instruction to about 200 children: in a private school are about SO children, and there is also a Sunday school. The interest of £200, equally bequeathed by Jasper and Samuel Waring, Esqrs., is distributed by the churchwardens to the poor housekeepers of this parish. The first Earl of Moira bequeathed a sum of money, which, with some other legacies, amounts to nearly £400, the interest of which is annually distributed among poor housekeepers. Moira gives the inferior title of Earl to the Marquess of Hastings; the castle was formerly the family residence, and was the birth-place of the late Marquess, whose father was buried here. He is said to have had the largest funeral procession ever seen in Ireland; it was attended by upwards of 800 carriages of various kinds, with a train of 4000 people, among whom 2000 hatbands and scarfs were distributed.

MOLAHIFFE, a parish and village, in the barony of MAGONIHY, county of KERRY, and province of MUNSTER, 4 1/2 miles (N. E.) from Milltown, on the road from Killarney to Tralee; containing 3708 inhabitants, of which number, 48 are in the village. The parish extends to the summit of Slieve Meesh on the north, and comprises 9819 statute acres, as applotted under the tithe act: it is partly bounded and partly intersected by the river Maine, which runs into Castlemaine bay, and is capable of being made navigable for barges up to Marshall's bridge. Nearly one-half of the land consists of mountain pasture and bog, chiefly reclaimable; the portion in tillage is manured with lime, there being quarries of excellent limestone on the southern bank of the river, which are extensively worked for the supply of this and the neighbouring parishes: copper is supposed to exist at Bushmount. In the village of Molahiffe, comprising about a dozen houses, a fair is held on the 26th of May. At Fieries are a small flour-mill and a tuck-mill; and a court for the Earl of Kenmare's manor of Molahiffe is held there every six weeks by the seneschal, for the recovery of debts not exceeding 40s. late currency. At Clonmellane is a station of the constabulary police. The seats are Molahiffe Castle, the residence of Maurice de Courcy, Esq.; Clonmellane, of A. McDonogh, Esq.; Ballybrack, of John Griffin, Esq.; Boucheens, of Montague Griffin, Esq.; and Roxborough, the property of Rich. Chute, Esq. The living is a vicarage, in the diocese of Ardfert and Aghadoe, episcopally united to the vicarages of Kilcredane and Kilbonane, together constituting the union of Molahiffe, in the patronage of W. Talbot Crosbie, Esq.: the rectory is impropriate in J. S. Lawler, Esq. The tithes amount to £320, of which one-half is payable to the impropriator, and the other to the vicar; and the entire vicarial tithes of the benefice amount to £381. 10. 5. The church is a neat edifice with a square pinnacled tower, towards the erection of which the late Board of First Fruits gave £900, in 1819. In the R. C. divisions this parish is included in the district of Fieries, which also comprises the parishes of Aglish and Kilcredane, and contains the chapels of Fieries and Ballyhar: that of Fieries is a large building; the other is in the parish of Kilcredane. At Ballynvarig is a school aided by the Earl of Kenmare, in which and in the other schools of the parish about 120 children are educated. There are some remains of an ancient building, called Old Court, of which no particulars are recorded; and there are vestiges of an ancient stone fort, of which the walls are said to have been of great strength, and the materials to have been used in the construction of Molahiffe castle and the old church. The ruins of the latter still remain; those of the castles of Molahiffe, Clonmellane and Castle Fieries are situated near the banks of the Maine: they formerly belonged to the Mac Carthys, and are now the property of the Earl of Kenmare, whose ancestors resided at Molahiffe Castle. Near Old Court, and also near Castle Fieries, is a subterraneous cavern.

MOLOGGA. -- See TEMPLEMOLOGGA.

MOLUSK, or MOBLUSK, a parish, in the barony of LOWER BELFAST, county of ANTRIM, and province of ULSTER, 8 miles (N. W. by N.) from Belfast, on the road to Antrim; containing 766 inhabitants. This place is said to have formerly belonged to the preceptory of the Knights Templars in the adjoining parish of Templepatrick, who had an establishment here also, of which there are no vestiges. Moblusk comprises 928 3/4 statute acres, according to the Ordnance survey, two-thirds of which are good land, the remainder being inferior; agriculture has of late much improved, a judicious mode of drainage having been adopted, and considerable portions of bog reclaimed and brought under cultivation: good crops of corn and potatoes are produced. Near the village there is an extensive establishment, called Hyde Park Print-field, belonging to Messrs. Batt, where great quantities of muslin are finished for the English and foreign markets, and in which more than -200 persons are employed. The parish is in the diocese of Connor, and is a rectory, forming part of the union of Carrickfergus and of the corps of the deanery of Connor. The tithes amount to £25. 11. 9., but as the inhabitants are exclusively Presbyterians, no tithes have been levied for many years; it is, however, the intention of the dean to erect a church and to collect the tithes. There does not appear to have been a church since the Reformation, but the burial-ground shews where the edifice originally stood. Nearly adjoining the village is a Presbyterian meeting-house. A school-house has been erected by Messrs. Batt, in which, chiefly by their assistance, 46 children are gratuitously taught: and at Glenoe is a National school, in which are about 80 children. Remains of large encampments and fortifications are observable in the parish and on its borders. There are several large stones standing erect, and under some of a similar description which were removed for improvements in the land, were found urns, or the fragments of baked clay, containing ashes, or black unctuous earth.

MONAGHAN (County of), an inland county of the province of ULSTER, bounded on the east by Louth and Armagh, on the north by Tyrone, on the west by Fermanagh and Cavan, and on the south by Meath. It extends from 53° 53' to 54° 25' (N. Lat.), and from 6° 33' to 7° 18' (W. Lon.); and comprises an area, according to the Ordnance survey, of 327,048 statute acres, of which 9236 are unimproved mountain and bog, 6167 are under water, and the rest cultivated land. The population, in 1821, amounted to 174,697; and in 1831, to 195,536.

According to Whitaker, this county was inhabited in the time of Ptolemy by the Scoti, who then possessed all the inland parts of Ireland: it afterwards formed part of the district of Uriel, Oriel, or Orgial, which also comprehended Louth and part of Armagh; but it was more generally known by the name of Mac Mahon's country, from the powerful sept of that name. Its present name is derived from its chief town, Monaghan or Muinechan, "the Town of the Monks," although no trace of an ecclesiastical establishment can now be discovered there. Immediately after the English invasion, when De Courcy entered Ulster, he was joined by a chieftain named Mac Mahon, who ingratiated himself so much with him that he was entrusted with the command of two forts, which, on the first change of fortune, Mac Mahon utterly destroyed; and when questioned on his breach of faith, answered, "that he had not engaged to keep stone walls; and that he scorned to confine himself within such cold and dreary enclosures, while his native woods were open for his reception and security." Hugh de Lacy, some time after, invaded Monaghan and burned the town and abbey, but soon after erected a castle there and restored the monastic institution. In the reign of Hen. IV., Lord Thomas of Lancaster, his son, having gone to Ireland as Lord-Lieutenant, received the homage of several of the native chieftains, among whom was Mac Mahon, who then submitted so far to the rules of English law as to accept an estate for life in that part of the county called the Ferney, for which he paid ten pounds a year chief-rent. This state of acquiescence, however, was not permanent; for, in the very next reign, Lord Furnival, who was then Lord-Deputy, found it necessary to undertake a military expedition against the Mac Mahons and other insurrectionary septs in Ulster; but, though he succeeded so far as to make them sue for the king's peace, he was unable to reduce them to the obedience of subjects. The county remained in the same state until the time of Elizabeth, in the 11th of whose reign, the parts of Ulster that had not previously acknowledged the Queen's authority, were reduced into seven shires, of which Monaghan was one; and afterwards the Lord-Deputy Fitzwilliam, during a progress through this part of Ulster, caused Mac Mahon to be attainted and executed for high treason, and the county to be divided according to the baronial arrangement which it still retains, the lands to be allotted among the Irish occupiers and English settlers, and to be held according to the tenures of the law of England. According to this arrangement, the particulars of which are still extant in the original document, the five baronies contained one hundred "ballibetaghs," a term applied by the Irish to a tract of land sufficient to maintain hospitality, each ballibetagh containing 16 tathes of 120 English acres each; thus making the area of the county 86,000 acres, exclusively of church lands. All the grants then made contained a clause of forfeiture, in case of the re-assumption of the name of Mac Mahon, of failure in payment of rent, or of attainder on rebellion. The subsequent insurrection of the Earl of Tyrone, however, prevented the plan from taking effect. The chief of the Mac Mahons still continued to arrogate the title of supreme lord, and the whole county was occupied by three or four families only, namely, those of the chieftain, and of Mac Kenna, Mac Cabe, and O'Conally. So little had the progress of civilisation been forwarded by the measures of the English government, that in the succeeding reign of James I., when the lord-deputy made a progress thither to inspect and settle the province, he was forced on entering the county to encamp in the open field. On investigating the titles by which the lands were held, it was found that the patents were all void in consequence of the non-observance or breach of some of the conditions; new grants were therefore made, and the country being reduced to a state of perfect submission, partly by intimidation and partly by concession, continued tranquil till the war broke out in 1641, when it followed the example of the rest of the north of Ireland in joining with the Irish against the lately established government, and the Mac Mahons again vainly endeavoured to recover their supremacy.

The county is wholly within the diocese of Clogher and province of Armagh. For purposes of civil jurisdiction it is divided into the baronies of Cremorne, Dartree, Farney, Monaghan, and Trough. It contains the disfranchised borough, market, and assize town of Monaghan; the market and post-towns of Carrickmacross, Castle-Blayney, Ballybay, Clones, and New-bliss; and the post-towns of Emyvale and Glaslough: the principal villages are Smithsborough (which has a penny-post), Ballytrain, Ballinode, Glennon, and Rockcorry. Prior to the Union it sent four members to the Irish parliament, two for the county at large, and two for the borough of Monaghan: since that period the two returned for the county to the Imperial parliament have been its sole representatives: the election takes place at Monaghan. The constituency, as registered at the close of the October sessions, 1836, consisted of 269 £50, 216 £20, and 1946 £10 freeholders; 4 £50 and 21 £20 rent-chargers; and 36 £20 and 602 £10 leaseholders; making in the whole 3094 registered electors. The county is included in the north-eastern circuit: the county court-house and gaol are in the town of Monaghan, where the assizes are held; general quarter sessions are held four times in the year at Monaghan and Castle-Blayney, which latter town has a sessions-house and bridewell. The local government is vested in a lieutenant, 11 deputy-lieutenants, and 50 other magistrates, besides the usual county officers, including two coroners. There are 21 constabulary police stations, having in the whole a force of an inspector, a stipendiary magistrate, a paymaster, 5 chief officers, 24 constables, 140 sub-constables and 6 horses. The district lunatic asylum is at Armagh, the county hospital at Monaghan, and there are dispensaries at Ballytrain, Farney, Scotstown, Castle-Shane, Smithsborough, Ballybay, Clones, Newbliss, Drum, Rockcorry, Monaghan, Carrickmacross, and Glaslough; half of the expenses of the dispensaries is raised from the baronies in which they are situated, while in every other county it is assessed on the county at large. The amount of Grand Jury presentments for 1835 was £17,071. 8. 1 1/2 ., of which £801. 1. 3. was for roads, bridges, &c., of the county at large; £7045. 17. 0 1/2. for roads, bridges, &c., of the baronies; £5001. 3.4. for public buildings, charities, officers' salaries and incidents; £2537. 10. 3 1/2. for the police; and £1676. 16. 2 1/2. for repayment of advances made by Government. In military arrangements the county is in the northern district, and contains a barrack at Monaghan for cavalry, which has accommodations for 3 officers, 54 privates and 44 horses, and hospital accommodation for 4 patients, but is generally occupied by a detachment of infantry from Londonderry or Newry.

Monaghan is described by old writers as being very mountainous, and covered with wood: it is, however, rather hilly than mountainous, and is now entirely stripped of its forests. The Slievebeagh or Slabbay mountains form an uninterrupted ridge of high land along the north-western boundary, separating the county from Tyrone, and exhibiting an uninteresting waste, with none of the romantic features that often atone for the want of fertility. The next mountain in point of extent is Cairnmore, whose summit commands a very expanded prospect, comprising the whole of this county, and parts of those of Armagh, Fermanagh, Cavan, Leitrim, Down, Tyrone, Louth, and Meath; Lough Erne, studded with beautiful islands, is also in full view, as are the numerous lakes scattered throughout the county. Crieve mountain, towards the south, though not of such extent as Cairnmore, is more elevated, commanding views far more extensive and varied. It is about six miles in circumference, and the waters flow from it in opposite directions, on one side towards Dundalk and on the other towards Ballyshannon. The lakes are numerous and highly interesting. On Cairnmore is one of considerable size and very deep: it has no apparent outlet for its waters, is always agitated, and is surrounded by a very wide strand. Another, called Lough Eagish, covers about 50 acres and is very deep: its waters are extremely useful for the supply of the neighbouring bleach-greens, fourteen of which are worked by the stream flowing from it, the tail race of one mill forming the. head of the next in succession; the lake is under the care of an engineer, whose duty it is to regulate the flow of the water, so as to allow every claimant his fair proportion. But the largest and most interesting of all the lakes is that of Castle-Blayney, also called Lough Muckno: it is about 3 miles in length, covers upwards of 600 acres, and is embellished with numerous beautifully wooded islands; the shores are exceedingly romantic, and the demesne and woods of that mansion entirely surround its fertile banks. Glaslough, which gives name to a flourishing and beautiful town, and is situated near the northern boundary of the county, is somewhat less than that of Castle-Blayney; but the fertility and gentle undulations around its banks, the extensive demesne, the fine old timber, and the numerous plantations combine to form a delightful landscape. Near Mount Louise is a beautiful lake: the land rises suddenly and boldly from its shores, presenting an unusual inland scene, but the absence of wood considerably diminishes the effect. The town of Ballybay is situated between two lakes of considerable beauty. At Dawson Grove is a peculiarly interesting lake, around which is some sylvan scenery, rarely found in the North: there are also other very pretty lakes, particularly those of Emy, Leesborough, Creeve, and White Lough, besides upwards of 180, upon a smaller scale, scattered over every part of the county. The climate is damp, but not unwholesome; the humidity is owing to the situation of the county, which is placed at the inner extremity of a very broad valley, for the most part forming the county of Fermanagh, through which pass the waters of Lough Erne to their influx into the Atlantic ocean at Ballyshannon; and as the wind from this quarter prevails for nine months in the year, the vapours are driven up the vale with great force, and rushing against the Slievebeagh mountains cause frequent showers or mists: this humidity is also much increased by the numerous lakes, whose exhalations, even in summer, are sensibly felt, particularly by strangers; the inhabitants, however, are in general very, healthy.

The undulating surface of the county produces a great variety of soil. The low lands are generally wet, sour, and moory, particularly near the foot of Slievebeagh; yet even in this district are some exceptions, for amid the very poorest tracts several gentle elevations of limestone are found, and in the valleys are extensive deposits of marl; this moory soil is everywhere reclaimable, though the subsoil is stiff, and the shallow and mossy loam on its surface imbibes the moisture like a sponge, so that after a fall of rain it is nearly impassable for cattle, and a few dry days harden the surface so as to render it nearly impenetrable to a plough; this character pervades the greater portion of the barony of Trough. The central district, comprehending the depressed land between the Slievebeagh and Crieve mountains, is far superior to any other part of the county in point of fertility; it is interspersed with beautiful lakes, well watered with streams, has a sufficiency of bog, and in richness and natural capability may vie with some of the best improved lands in the north of Ireland. A vein of excellent land runs from Glaslough, by Tyhallon, Monaghan, Scotstown, and Clones, into Fermanagh at Corren. The southern extremity of the county consists for the most part of a rich and highly productive soil, based on a substratum of limestone, and in some places a deep loam highly improveable by calcareous manure. The soil in the intermediate district varies much in quality, and is disposed very irregularly: even in several parts of the same field it is seen sometimes to vary extremely, being deep and argillaceous at one spot, a gravelly grit at another, exhibiting at a third a stiff clay, and at a fourth a party-coloured mixture of red and greenish gravel; yet in general character it approximates nearly to that of the northern part. The western side of the county is a rich but shallow loam, in its natural state spongy, wet, and overspread with rushes, but capable of a high degree of improvement by manuring.

The large estates of the county vary from £20,000 to £1000 per ann., but a very considerable portion of the land is held in grants producing from £20 to £500 per ann.: the former are not resided on by the proprietor in fee, but the latter almost uniformly; many of them are held from the crown by the descendants of the Scotch colony introduced here after the settlement of the county by James I.; a considerable portion were grants to Cromwell's soldiers, many of whose posterity now possess farms so small as not to yield an annual income exceeding £20. Few of the farms on the larger estates are tenanted in perpetuity: the usual term is 21 years, and a life, or 60 years and three lives. The mountainous districts form an exception to this observation, as they are divided into extensive portions, and mostly depastured by young cattle. An extraordinary mode of tenure formerly existed on some estates, of letting several townlands in one lease to all the occupying tenants, who might be from 20 to 30 joint lessees; by which practice part of the legal expenses for drawing the lease was saved by the tenants, but it gave the landlord a powerful control over them, as any one of the tenants is liable to have his goods seized for the rent of the whole: the rent paid by each is acknowledged by a receipt on account, and he who pays last obtains a receipt for the total amount. The farms throughout the county do not average 25 acres; the smaller, which are much more numerous, not six: so that ten acres may be adopted as the general average. Great improvements have been made within the last few years in almost every department of agriculture, both as to the treatment of the land and the implements. The principal manure is lime and the produce of the farm-yard, together with composts of various kinds. Limestone in a state of decomposition is found in several districts; when first raised, it has a compact slaty appearance, but on exposure to the atmosphere forms a kind of paste; no benefit is derived from it as a manure for the first year; but for several years after the crops are most abundant. Marl, though found in several parts, is little used except in the southern districts, where it has been found very beneficial to the corn crops: but in general, land is seldom manured for any crop but the potato. In the northern districts, in consequence of the smallness of the farms, and the wetness of the soil, the manure is mostly carried to the fields in baskets, here called "bardocks," slung across the back of an ass, and very often on the shoulders of the women. There is no county in Ireland where manual labour is more employed in farming than in Monaghan. The spade which is generally used in tilling the land, working the manure, raising potatoes, &c., resembles the English spade in having a footstep on each side, but differs from it in having the blade made hollow and filled with timber, to which the handle is made to fit in a sloping form. In some parts, where the soil is heavy and adhesive, the blade tapers nearly to a point, and is much curved in the middle, to prevent the mould clogging upon it. The principal crops are wheat, oats and potatoes. Flax has been a favourite and beneficial crop for the last few years: the quantity sown is constantly increasing. Clover and green crops are every year becoming more common. The pasturage in the mountainous districts is mostly formed of rushes and sprit grass, neither of which affords much nutriment; in the other parts it is very rich and close, the grass heavy and exceedingly nutritious. In some parts white clover is produced spontaneously, though too often choked with rushes; in others it is sown with grass seeds and mowed twice or thrice a year: oats are also mixed with the clover seed, and cut green for fodder, by which management the farmers estimate that one acre is more productive than four of common pasture. The tops of furze, here called whins, are used for fodder; they are prepared by being pounded in a stone trough with a wooden mallet, which makes them very juicy; they are greedily eaten by horses, and answer the double purpose of food and medicine.

In some parts much attention is paid to the fences, which are generally quicksets of white thorn, often mixed with sallows that are afterwards applied to many purposes of country work; in some parts the only fence is a small mound of earth, apparently raised more as a boundary mark than as a means of security against trespassing. The chief breed of horned cattle is a cross of the Old Leicester with the Roscommon cow, which grows to a large size and fattens rapidly. Butter is made in great quantities in the north and west.: for though there are no large dairies, every farmer makes some, the greater part of which is sent to Monaghan, Newry and Dundalk, where it is bought up for the English market. Sheep are very numerous in the north and north-west, and of great variety of sorts. The native horses are not of a good kind; those worthy of notice are brought in from other counties: a small strong breed called Ragheries, imported from Scotland by carriers who are inhabitants of the island of Rathlin, (whence the name) are in great request; they are cheap, durable, serviceable, well calculated for a hilly country, and live to a great age. Asses are also numerous: they are found to be extremely useful and very easily fed, being particularly fond of the green tops of furze, on which the Raghery horses also feed. Pigs are more numerous here than in any other county; they are slaughtered in great numbers for the provision merchants of Belfast, Newry and Drogheda, and are also exported alive to Liverpool. The lakes abound with fish, particularly trout and pike, which grow to a great size: the pearl muscle is found in some of the larger streams.

Of the extensive forests mentioned by early writers, no vestiges can be traced, except in the stunted underwood so frequent at the foot of the hills, and the numerous trunks of forest trees, found deeply imbedded in almost every bog. The mountains and hills present no remains of timber, and the only woods now found in the county are those belonging to the mansions and demesnes of the nobility and gentry. Those of Dawson Grove and Anketell Grove are more especially worthy of notice. At Glaslough are some of the finest ash trees in Ireland; near Monaghan are several remarkably large beech trees, and some few venerable oaks are to be seen in different parts, so that Monaghan may be said to produce timber nearly sufficient for its own consumption. Sycamore is in much repute for the shafts of bleach-mills, round which the webs of cloth are rolled and beetled: it never splinters during the operation of the machinery, whereas when other timber is used for the same purpose, it must be cased with horse skins, which do not last long. In the moory bottoms at the foot of hills, groves of sallow and osier are planted, which thrive vigorously, and the wicker-work made of the twigs yields a return which forms no inconsiderable portion of the rent. Fuel is procured in the greatest abundance from the numerous bogs, which are so dispersed in every part that the carriage adds but little to the expense.

The county forms part of the northern extremity of the great limestone field of Ireland; and, except in its northern districts, the rock is well distributed and lies very advantageously for working. The limestone is of great variety and of excellent quality; at Glenmore it is raised in large blocks, and, when polished, exhibits all the varieties of fine marble. Freestone of beautiful and valuable quality is found in various parts. Part of Slievebeagh is formed of a fine white sandstone extensively used for architectural purposes. The south side of this mountain is formed altogether of jasper, in some places very pure, but mostly in a state of decomposition, much resembling clay-slate and of a bright vermillion hue: the mountains of Crieve are entirely formed of greenstone and basalt. Escars can be traced in several parts, particularly in the neighbourhood of Tyhallon, which, in one respect, are unlike all others in Ireland, being entirely formed of jasper, quartz, agates and argillaceous sand. Coal has been found in thin seams at the foot of the Slievebeagh mountain near Emyvale, and at Glennon in large blocks; but the most extensive beds are near Carrickmacross, where pits were opened a few years since, but after a few tons had been raised, the workings were discontinued. Iron-stone of inferior quality is frequently found; slate quarries are worked at the Crieve mountains, and flags in three quarries in Dartree. Large lead-works were erected in the Crieve mountains for the smelting of lead-ore, but they have been long since abandoned: the ore has also been found near Castle-Blayney, both in large blocks and in thin veins: some promising veins can be traced in the limestone near Carrickmacross. Indications of copper have been discovered near Castle-Blayney, and ochres, potters' clay and soft unctuous earth in the same neighbourhood. Potters' clay found near Glaslough is wrought into glazed earthenware; brick clay, and oxyde of manganese, are distributed over all the country. The bones and antlers of the moose deer and the bones of several other kinds of animals, long since extinct in the island, have been discovered. Four teeth of extraordinary size were discovered on the Slievebeagh mountains, which on an examination by the Royal Society of London, were pronounced to be those of an elephant; two of them weighed 2 3/4 lb. each; the other two, 6oz. each.

The linen manufacture was established here at a very early period, and several towns and villages owe their origin to this branch of national industry. Both spinning and weaving declined considerably until the last two years, within which period the trade has revived. A large linen factory is now in process of erection at Glaslough, and great quantities are made and bleached in various parts: the yarn is spun by the women. A very good description of woollen cloth is manufactured in considerable quantities at Carrickmacross. At Stone-bridge and Emyvale are iron-mills, which are chiefly employed in the manufacture of agricultural implements. Tanning is extensively carried on at Glaslough and Castle-Blayney.

The county has within it no stream of water deserving the name of river. The Blackwater, which bounds it on the side of Tyrone, receives several of its smaller tributaries; and a very rapid stream separates the county from Armagh. The Finn, which falls into Lough Erne, rises in the centre of Monaghan, but is not navigable for boats until it has quitted the county. The Lagan forms its southern boundary and afterwards joins the Glyde in the county of Louth. The canal from Lough Neagh to Lough Erne, now in progress, enters the county near Middleton and proceeds thence by Tyhallon, Bessmount and Monaghan, near to which town the works are almost finished; it is intended to carry it round this town and thence towards Clones, but some disputes having arisen respecting the lands through which the line was originally laid down, another line is now under survey.

There are two ancient round towers in the county, one at Clones, the other at Inniskeen. Contiguous to the former is a rath of large dimensions, and near the latter a circular mount enclosed with a wall of stone and mortar. At Freamount is another large rath, and another also of very considerable dimensions, but now nearly concealed by plantations, at Fort Singleton near Emyvale. Near Carrickmacross are the ruins of a Druidical temple, consisting of an oblong mound of earth enclosed by a circuit of large upright stones. Wicker hurdles of very curious workmanship have been found in the bogs, in a high state of preservation: they appear to have been carried thither by parties on a marauding expedition, for the purpose of crossing the bog, and having been left behind in the hurry of advance or retreat, were gradually imbedded in the bog. A curious relic is preserved at Knockbuy, near the town of Monaghan: it is called the "Balaghdthownagh," and consists of a box, about the size of a thick folio volume, containing a crucifix and some relics: it is kept with the greatest veneration as a kind of heir-loom in the Bradley family, and is used as an attestation of innocence for imputed crimes which do not admit of the usual kind of evidence; when let out on an occasion of this kind, valuable security is always required for "its restoration.

No county in Ireland has so few vestiges of monastic buildings: the abbey of Clones is the only one of which any remains exist: that of Monaghan is utterly destroyed, and a castle was erected on its site: the wealthy abbey of Tyhallon is known only by name. The castle of Monaghan is noticed by Sir John Da-vies, in his account of the lord-deputy's tour through the county, as being then in a state of ruinous neglect: the ruins of the old mansion-house of Castle-Blayney still standing are so close to the modern building as to injure the appearance of both: there are also the ruins of an old building in the same demesne, bearing no resemblance to a religious structure; the walls are very massive, but it is so overgrown with trees as to render its inspection very difficult. At Vicar's Dale, in Donaghmoyne, are the ruins of a castle; and near Dawson Lodge, those of another, called Maghernacligh.

The residences of the great landed proprietors are not remarkable for architectural splendour; they are rather good family houses, and are noticed in their respective parishes. The farm-houses are better than those of the same class in Leinster; those of the class that combines manufacture with farming are comfortable in appearance, but the habitations of the cottiers and journeymen weavers are miserably poor. Such tenants hold their hovel, with a small plot of ground for a garden, either by a "dry cot take" or a "wet cot take," the former implying an agreement by which the tenant pays a rent for his tenement and works at taskwork or for daily pay at the loom for his landlord; the latter signifying that he has also the grass for a cow in winter, for which he pays an additional amount of rent, but finds his own hay and grass in summer: these tenures are merely from year to year. The clothing of the peasantry is frieze, or a coarse light blue cloth manufactured at home and dyed with indigo: the women wear cottons more generally than stuffs: all are tolerably well supplied with linen and with shoes and stockings. Their food is potatoes, meal, milk, and butter; though in the poorer parts, where the population depends wholly on the produce of the soil, the cottiers are seldom able to procure anything better than salt to their potatoes; while in the neighbourhood of the county town the luxury of animal food is occasionally enjoyed. Irish and English are indiscriminately spoken in the intercourse of the peasantry with one another. An attempt was made some years ago to diminish the pressure of mendicancy, which is very prevalent, by compelling the paupers to wear badges, but it had no permanent effect. An extraordinary custom of annually electing a mayor, with power to decide all disputes, long prevailed in the village of Blackstaff, near Carrickmacross, which was composed of about 200 wretched hovels in the centre of 500 acres of bog, heath, and rock, so barren as never to have been cultivated, and on which the inhabitants supported themselves by holding each a very small portion of land at a considerable distance from the village. But the inconvenient distance of their habitations from their farms, and the dangers apprehended from this irregular union of a number of families during the disturbed period of 1798, caused the community to be broken up, and its members established on their separate plots of land; yet for years after they met annually at Black-staff to commemorate the by-gone pleasures of their former state of social intercourse. A chalybeate spring rises in Cairnmore, at a place called Drumtubberbuy, or "the ridge with the yellow spring," from which flows a stream of pellucid water covered with a strong scum of ochre; it is not noted for any medicinal qualities. At Tullaghan is a spring, the water of which, though tasteless and perfectly pellucid, forms an incrustation on all the substances it passes over near its source. This county gave the title of Baron to Sir Edw. Blayney, who was ennobled by James I., in 1621, for his services against the Irish.

MONAGHAN, an incorporated market-town and parish, the chief town of the county, and formerly a parliamentary borough, in the barony and county of MONAGHAN, and province of ULSTER, 12 1/4 miles, (W. S. W.) from Armagh, and 60 (N. N. W.) from Dublin, on the mail coach road to Londonderry; containing 11,875 inhabitants, of which number, 3848 are in the town. This place, till within a comparatively modern period, was distinguished only by a monastery, of which St. Moclodius, the son of Aedh, was abbot; and which, according to the Annals of the Four Masters, was plundered in 830 and again in 931. It appears from the same authority to have flourished for more than two centuries, and the names of its abbots, deans, and archdeacons (among the former of whom was Elias, the principal of all the monks of Ireland, who died in Cologne in 1042) are regularly preserved till the year 1161, after which date no further mention of it occurs. Phelim Mac Mahon, in 1462, founded on the site of the ancient abbey a monastery for Conventual Franciscans, which at the dissolution was granted to Edward Withe; but even at that time no place deserving the name of a village had arisen near the monastery, and the whole of this part of the country, under its native chief's, the Mac Mahons, still retained the ancient customs. About the commencement of the 17th century, Sir Edward Blayney, who had been appointed seneschal of the county, erected a small fort here, which he garrisoned with one company of foot; and on the approaching settlement of Ulster, when the Lord-Deputy came to this place to make some arrangements respecting the forfeited lands, it was so destitute of requisite habitations, that he was under the necessity of pitching tents for his accommodation. On this occasion the Lord-Deputy was attended by the Lord-Chancellor and judges of assize, and by the attorney-general, the celebrated Sir John Davies, who describes the place as consisting only of a few scattered cabins, occupied chiefly by the retired soldiers of Sir Edward Blayney's garrison. Besides that fort, which was on the north side of the village, he notices another in the centre of it, which had been raised only 10 or 12 feet above the ground, and was then lying in a neglected state, although £1200 had been expended on it by the king as a means of retaining the native inhabitants of the district in subjection. The Lord-Deputy divided several neighbouring "ballibetaghs" among the soldiers residing in the town; and as the fort at this time depended on Newry for its supplies, which, from the hostility of the intervening country, were frequently precarious, he granted to Sir Edward Blayney a portion of land on which he erected the fortress of Castle Blayney. In 1611, Sir Edward obtained the grant of a market and fair; and the town, which now began to increase in population and extent, was, in 1613, made a parliamentary borough, and the inhabitants were incorporated by a charter of James I., under the designation of the "Provost, Free Burgesses, and Commonalty of the Borough of Monaghan."

The town consists of one principal square in the centre, called the Diamond, in which is the linen-hall, and of another spacious opening in which is the market-house, and of three streets diverging from the principal square in a triangular direction; the total number of houses is about 580, of which many are well built, and those in the environs are neat and handsome. There are barracks for cavalry, a neat building adapted for 3 officers and 54 non-commissioned officers and privates, with stabling for 44 horses, and a small hospital. A news-room is supported by subscription; and a savings' bank has been established, in which, in 1835, the deposits amounted to £22,016. 2. 5., belonging to 749 depositors. There is a large brewery in the town, but no particular manufactures are carried on; the chief trade is in agricultural produce and the sale of linen, for which this place is one of the principal marts in the county; the quantity of linen sold, in 1835, was 6641 pieces, of 25 yards each, and the average price per piece, 18s. 9d. The market days are Monday, for linen and for pigs, of which great numbers are slaughtered and sold to dealers, who send the carcasses to Belfast, where they are cured for exportation; on Tuesday for wheat, bere, barley, and rye; on Wednesday for oats; and on Saturday, for oats and potatoes: flax, yarn, butter, and provisions of all kinds are also sold here in large quantities. Fairs are held on the first Monday in every month, and are amply supplied and numerously attended. The market-house, a very commodious building, was erected by the late Gen. Conyngham, afterwards Lord Rossmore, whose arms are emblazoned over the entrance. The Ulster canal, which is now in progress, will pass through the northern part of the parish; a branch of the river Blackwater also bounds the parish on the north, running nearly parallel with the canal. These facilities of water conveyance will contribute to the benefit of the town, which is at present in a thriving state, and is progressively increasing in importance.

The corporation, by the charter of James I., consists of a provost, 12 free burgesses, and an indefinite number of freemen, assisted by a recorder, two serjeants-at-mace, and other officers. The provost is annually chosen from the free burgesses on the festival of St. John the Baptist, and sworn into office on that of St. Michael; the burgesses are elected, as vacancies occur, from the freemen by a majority of their own body, by whom also freemen are admitted by favour only; the recorder and serjeants-at-mace are chosen by the corporation at large, but no recorder has been chosen since 1815, when the last, who was also the first serjeant-at-mace, died. The corporation continued to send two members to the Irish parliament till the Union, when the borough was disfranchised. The court of record, ordained by the charter to be held every Monday, with jurisdiction extending to five marks, has not been held for the last 50 years. The assizes for the county are held here, also the quarter sessions four times in the year, and petty sessions every Tuesday. There is a chief constabulary police force stationed in the town. The county court-house, situated in the centre of the town, is a handsome modern building of hewn stone, containing spacious court-rooms and all requisite offices, and in every respect well adapted to its purpose. The county gaol, completed in 1824, and situated on an eminence near the entrance to the town, is a handsome semicircular range of building, containing 75 single cells, and 11 rooms with more than one bed each, with appropriate day-rooms and airing-yards, in one of which is a tread-wheel applied to the raising of water for the supply of the prison; there are a male and female hospital, a chapel, and a school; the prison is well adapted for classification, and under very good regulations.

The parish, called also "Rackwallis," comprises, according to the Ordnance survey, 13,5475 statute acres, of which 12,758 are applotted under the tithe act, and valued at £23,013. 13. 2. per ann.; 265 acres are water, and the remainder principally under tillage. The general surface is irregular and hilly, rugged towards the south, but smoother and more gently undulating towards the north. The soil is rich in the vicinity of the town, but inferior towards the south and south-west; there is but little bog in the parish, though there are large tracts in those adjoining, from which abundance of fuel is obtained. The system of agriculture is improved; limestone abounds, and there is a very fine quarry at Milltown Bridge; marl is also found, but is seldom used for manure; whinstone also forms part of the substratum. The principal seats are Rossmore Park, the residence of the Right Hon. Lord Rossmore, a handsome mansion in the Elizabethan style, situated in an extensive and beautifully diversified demesne, abounding with wild and romantic scenery and commanding some fine distant views; Castle Shane, of E. Lucas, Esq., an ancient mansion in a highly enriched and tastefully embellished demesne (within which is the site of the ancient village of Castle-Shane), with a handsome entrance lodge in the later English style of architecture, and forming an interesting object as seen from the new line of road winding through the valley; Cornacassa, of Dacre Hamilton, Esq., pleasantly situated in a highly cultivated and well-planted demesne; and Camla Vale, of Lieut.-Col. Westenra, brother of Lord Rossmore, a spacious and handsome residence, situated in grounds tastefully laid out and adjoining the demesne of Rossmore Park: there are also many handsome residences in the immediate environs. The living is a rectory and vicarage, in the diocese of Clogher, and in the patronage of the Bishop: the tithes amount to £553. 16. 11. The glebe-house is a neat thatched residence, and the glebe comprises 38 statute acres, valued at £114 per annum. The church, a very handsome structure, in the later English style of architecture, with a tower and spire, was erected on the site of the former edifice in 1836, at an expense of £5330, of which £1100 was a legacy, with interest, bequeathed by the late Dowager Lady Rossmore; £1000, a bequest of Mrs. Jackson; £2000, a loan from the late Board of First Fruits, the remainder being raised by subscription. The interior contains some handsome monuments and tablets of white marble, to the late rector, the Rev. Mr. Montgomery, Mr. and Mrs. Jackson, the families of Lucas and Cole, and the lady of Col. Westenra. The R. C. parish is co-extensive with that of the Established Church; there are chapels situated respectively at Latlurken, Ardahy, and in the town. Contiguous to the chapel at Latlurken are the national school and a house and ground given by the Rossmore family for the residence of the R. C. clergyman. There are places of worship for Presbyterians in connection with the Synod of Ulster, of the second and third classes, and for those of the Seceding Synod, of the first class; also for Wesleyan and Primitive Wesleyan Methodists. The consistorial court of the diocese of Clogher is held in the town; and the presbytery of Monaghan, in connection with the Synod of Ulster, also holds its meetings here in February and October. The diocesan school for the sees of Raphoe, Kilmore, and Clogher was founded by Queen Elizabeth and is supported chiefly by the bishops and clergy of those dioceses: the school-house is a spacious and handsome edifice, towards the erection of which Lord Rossmore contributed largely, and endowed the establishment with an annuity and five acres of land. About 1400 children are taught in ten other public schools, of which the parochial school, for which a new house has been recently built, is partly supported by the rector; a free school for boys was founded by R. Jackson, Esq., who endowed it with £22. 10. per annum, and a house rent-free; a female sewing school is also supported by the same gentleman, who endowed it with a house rent-free and a salary of £16 for the mistress; and a school at Killamarly is aided by an annual donation from W. Brook, Esq. There are also seven private schools, in which are about 300 children. The county infirmary, a good building, occupying an open and elevated site, is supported by a parliamentary grant, by the interest of a legacy of £4000 bequeathed by the late Francis Ellis, Esq., a rent-charge of £20 by the late J. Wright, Esq., and £100 per annum from Bishop Sterne's charity; also by Grand Jury presentments and subscriptions. During the year ending Jan. 6th, 1835, it afforded relief to 286 in-patients, and medicine and attendance to 900 out-patients. There are also a mendicity society, and a penny a week society for the assistance of the poor, supported by subscription and weekly contributions from the members. An almshouse for six poor widows was founded by the late Richard Jackson, Esq., who endowed it with £25. 19. per annum, charged on lands in the parish. A large house in the square called the Diamond is said to occupy the site of an ancient castle; and in the rear of it are some old walls, said to be the remains of the old abbey; the cemetery attached appears to have been very extensive. In levelling the ground in front of the old gaol, human bones and a skull of unusually large size were discovered. On the summit of the hill to the north of the town, and near the site of the new gaol, was a small mound of earth, marking the site of the fortress built by Sir Edward Blayney for the protection of the town, and noticed by Sir John Davies as serving both for a garrison and a gaol. Several silver coins have been found here, among which was a curious coin of one of the Henrys, and a larger coin of James I., which is in good preservation; and in a meadow near the river was dug up, some years since, an ancient brass spur, similar to those in the museum of Trinity College, Dublin. On the townland of Lisard, about two miles to the south-west of the town, is a perfect fort, with a rampart and fosse; it is situated on an eminence commanding the surrounding country.

MONANIMY, a parish, in the barony of FERMOY, county of CORK, and province of MUNSTER, 5 miles (N. E.) from Mallow, on the river Blackwater, and on the high road from Mallow to Fermoy; containing 2751 inhabitants. The estates of Monanimy, Ballygriffin, and Carrigacunna formerly belonged to the ancient family of the Nagles, the head of which has for several centuries been settled in the vicinity; the two former have passed by female connection into other families; the last was the residence of Sir Richard Nagle, successively Attorney-General, Lord Chief Justice, Speaker of the Irish House of Commons, and private secretary to James II., whom he accompanied into exile; he died abroad, and the estate was forfeited; it is now the property of H. B. Foott, Esq. The parish, which comprises 10,637 statute acres, as applotted under the tithe act, and valued at £4140 per ann., is situated on both sides of the Blackwater, and contains part of the range called the Nagle Mountains on the south side of that river, affording good pasturage; the land on the north side, which comprises about one-third of the parish, is good and chiefly in tillage, and the state of agriculture is improving. There is a large tract of bog, that supplies not only the neighbourhood, but the market of Mallow, with fuel. Considerable improvements have been made by H. B. Foott and Jas. Hennessy, Esqrs.: those of the former consist of flourishing plantations extending up a romantic mountain glen on the old road to Fermoy; and those of the latter are in connection with the village of Kealavollen, or Killavullane, under which head they are noticed, together with his seat, Ballymackmoy House. Carrigacunna Castle, the seat of H. B. Foott, Esq., is a handsome modern mansion, adjoining the ruins of the old castle, the approach to which from Kealavollen is through some young plantations leading to a grove of venerable oak-trees, forming with the castle an interesting feature in the surrounding beautiful and diversified scenery. The living is a rectory and vicarage, in the diocese of Cloyne, and in the patronage of the Bishop: the tithes amount to £400. The church, a small neat building with a tower and spire, is situated on the northern bank of the Blackwater: it was erected in 1810, on the site of an ancient preceptory of Knights Hospitallers that formerly existed here, and was aided by a gift of £800 from the late Board of First Fruits. In the R. C. divisions the parish forms part of the union or district of Kealavollen, comprising also those of Clenore and Wallstown, and containing the chapels of Kealavollen and Anakissy: the latter is in the parish of Clenore; the former, a small plain building, is about to be rebuilt on a site given by Jas. Hennessy, Esq.: there is a small cottage residence for the parish priest. A school of about 80 children is maintained by a bequest of £18 per annum from the late Jos. Nagle Esq., of Bally-griffin, for 30 years from 1814; and there are two private schools, containing about 90 children. The castle of Monanimy is by some supposed to have been built by the Knights Templars; and by others, it and the castle of Carrigacunna are said to have been erected by the Nagles, to whom this district formerly belonged, and after whom the "Nagle Mountains" are named. The former, which is the property of the Hon. Douglas Halliburton, has been fitted up, and is now occupied by a respectable farmer. Of the ancient preceptory nothing now remains but a few fragments of a wall near the church. The celebrated Edmund Burke passed his early childhood at Ballyduff, in this parish, the seat of his maternal grandfather, where he remained about five years, and received the first rudiments of his education at the ruined castle of Monanimy, in which a sort of hedge school was then held. He always retained a great partiality for these places, which he often revisited in subsequent years. -- See KEALAVOLLEN.

MONART, an ecclesiastical district, in the barony of SCARAWALSH, county of WEXFORD, and province of LEINSTER, 2 miles (N. W.) from Enniscorthy, on the road to Kilkenny; containing 3384 inhabitants. It is situated on a stream called the Urrin, which falls into the Slaney below Enniscorthy; and comprises 8834 statute acres. The soil is chiefly of a light shingly nature; limestone gravel is found on the banks of the Slaney, and a kind of slaty stone abounds, which is used for building: the state of agriculture is improving. The village of Forge, on the Urrin, derives its name from an extensive forge formerly established there, which appears by an ancient document to have belonged, in 1560, to Col. Robt. Phayre, and was then employed in the manufacture of sword blades. In 1818 the works were converted into a distillery by Andrew Jameson, Esq., who, in the course of 12 years, expended upwards of £25,000 on the establishment, and in 1830 it produced 55,594 gallons of spirits; it has been since discontinued, and part of it converted into a flour-mill, capable of producing nearly 40,000 barrels annually, and for working which there is a copious supply of water. A Mining Company is employed at Caim in search of a lead mine, which is expected to be profitable A fair is held on Aug. 16th at Scarawalsh Bridge, on the Slaney, chiefly for lambs. The seats are Monart House, the residence of E. Rogers Cookman, Esq., a handsome mansion pleasantly situated on a gentle eminence above the Urrin, in a highly improved and richly wooded demesne; Killoughram, of R. Phaire, Esq., surrounded by an extensive oak coppice, called Killoughram Wood; Munfin, of Edw. Cary, Esq., beautifully situated on the margin of the Slaney, sheltered by a richly wooded eminence, and commanding an extensive view of the luxuriant scenery on the banks of the river; Kiltra, of Capt. Brenan; Farmley, of Capt. Richards; Urrinsfort, of Mr. Hill; Oak Hall, of Mr. Sutton; and Daphne, the property of Robt. Phaire, Esq. The district was formed in 1805, by separating 39 townlands from the parish of Templeshanbo, which have been recently reduced to 33 by the detachment of six to form part of the new district parish of Ballycarney. The living is a perpetual curacy, in the diocese of Ferns, and in the patronage of the rector of Templeshanbo, for the support of which the tithes of three of the above-mentioned townlands, amounting to £101. 10. 9. are appropriated. The glebe-house is a neat building, towards the erection of which the late Board of First Fruits gave £382, in 1807; and there is a glebe of about 17 acres. The church, or chapel of ease, is a neat cruciform structure, erected in 1805 by aid of a gift of £500, and enlarged in 1831 by aid of a loan of £500, from the same Board; and the Ecclesiastical Commissioners have lately granted a sum for its repair. In the R. C. divisions it is partly included in each of the districts of Marshalstown and Ballindaggan, and contains the chapels of Marshals-town, Castledockrill, Cairn, and Newtown. Near the church is the parochial school built by the Association for Discountenancing Vice, and partly supported by it and partly by subscription. A school has been lately established near the chapel at Marshalstown, and temporary schools are held during the summer in the other chapels. At Farmly are two of the ancient raths or mounds usually attributed to the Danes.

MONASTERBOICE, a parish, in the barony of FERRARD, county of LOUTH, and province of LEINSTER, 2 1/2 miles (E. S. E.) from Collon, near the road from Drogheda to Dunleer; containing 705 inhabitants. This place is chiefly distinguished for the remains of the monastery from which it derived its name, founded by St. Bute or Boetius, the son of Bronagh, who died in 521; it was plundered in 968, and in 1097 was destroyed by fire. From this time it appears to have subsisted only for a few years; the last abbot of whom any notice occurs died in 1117. The parish comprises, according to the Ordnance survey, 2316 1/2 statute acres, most of which is good land, and in a profitable state of cultivation. Monasterboice, the seat of W. Drummond Delap, Esq., who has a large estate here and is planting on an extensive scale, is undergoing great improvement, and a spacious mansion is now being erected by the proprietor. It is a rectory, in the diocese of Armagh, forming part of the union of Dunleer; the tithes amount to £116. 12. The ruins of the monastery are of very interesting character: at. a short distance from each other are the walls and gables of two churches or chapels, the architecture of which denotes very great antiquity; the windows are of freestone, but the rest of the building is of a slaty stone found in the surrounding hills. On the south side of the western church are two ancient and elaborately sculptured stone crosses, one 18 and the other 16 feet high; the larger, apparently formed of an entire stone, and called St. Boyne's Cross, has near its base some obliterated characters, supposed to be traces of the name Muredach, King of Ireland, who died in 534; the arms are enclosed within a circle, and the shaft and other parts are ornamented with figures sculptured in relief, which, though much defaced, appear to have represented scriptural subjects; on one side is the crucifixion, and on the other a figure of St. Patrick. Near the western extremity of this chapel are the remains of an ancient round tower, diminishing gradually in circumference from its base, which is 18 feet in diameter, to the summit which has an elevation of 110 feet; it is divided by circular projecting abutments, for the support of floors, into five stories; the internal diameter is 9 feet, and the doorway is about 6 feet from the ground. The surrounding cemetery is still used; in digging a grave were found three ancient Anglo-Saxon coins, two of the reign of Edmund, and one of that of Athelstan.

MONASTEREVEN, a market and post-town, and a parish, in the barony of WEST OPHALY, county of KILDARE, and province of LEINSTER, 14 1/2 miles (W.S.W.) from Naas, and 30 (S. W.) from Dublin, on the mail coach road to Limerick; containing 4386 inhabitants, of which number, 1441 are in the town. This place derives its name from a monastery founded here, and made a place of sanctuary, by St. Abban, in which were afterwards placed monks from South Munster, by St. Emin, or Evin, in the seventh century. According to the book of Lecan, the forcible seizure of this religious house by Cearbhuil, was the cause of the war in 908, between that monarch and Cormac Mac Culinan, King of Munster, in which the latter was defeated. The monastery having afterwards become extinct, was refounded towards the close of the twelfth century, by Dermod O'Dempsey, King of Ophaly, with the consent of Muredach O'Conor; and though considered as just beyond the border of the English pale, was made a mitred abbey, and its abbot sat as a baron in the Irish parliament. At the dissolution, the abbey and the manor were granted to George, Lord Audley, who assigned them to Adam Loftus, Viscount Ely, and they are at present the property of the Marquess of Drogheda. During the disturbances of 1798, a battle took place here between the insurgents and a party of the yeomanry, which terminated in the total defeat of the former, and the consequent interruption of their progress into Queen's county. The town is pleasantly situated on the eastern bank of the river Barrow, amidst the improvements of Moore abbey, from which it extends for about a quarter of a mile towards the Grand Canal, which passes its extremity. It consists of 214 well built houses, on one side only of the principal street; which is parallel with the river; the other side being left open and laid out in gardens and lawns sloping down to the water's edge. The street is intersected by the Dublin road; and a bridge of six arches over the Barrow was erected in 1832, in a direct line with the road, by which the former sharp and dangerous turn is avoided. A new street has recently been laid out in a direction parallel with the back of the principal street, at the private expense of the Rev. Henry Moore; and great improvements have been made on the line of the Grand Canal by that company, among which may be noticed the construction of an elegant cast-iron drawbridge over the canal, in 1829, and the carrying of the canal over the Barrow by an aqueduct of three arches of 40 feet span, handsomely built of hewn limestone, and surmounted by an iron balustrade; a branch canal from this place has also been extended to the thriving town of Portarlington. The extensive brewery, distillery, and malting concern of Mr. Cassidy, whose dwelling-house is highly ornamental to the town, afford employment to many of the working class; and a small tobacco and a tobacco-pipe manufactory are also carried on. The traffic arising from its situation as a great thoroughfare on one of the branches of the great southern road from the metropolis adds to the support of the town. Its situation in the midst of a vast extent of turbary affords eminent advantages for the establishment of manufactures; and its facilities of communication with Dublin, Shannon harbour, and Waterford, by means of the Grand Canal and the Barrow navigation, render it peculiarly favourable to the carrying on of a very extensive inland trade. The market is on Saturday, and is abundantly supplied with provisions of every kind at a moderate price; and fairs are held annually on March 28th, May 29th, July 31st, and Dec. 6th, for cattle, sheep, and pigs. The market-house is a commodious building, but not remarkable for any architectural ornament. A constabulary police station has been established here; and petty sessions are held every Saturday.

The parish comprises about 5000 statute acres, comprehending an extremely large tract of bog, which affords employment to many persons, who procure fuel not only for the supply of the brewery and distillery and other uses of the town and neighbourhood, but also for the supply of the Dublin markets, whither it is conveyed by the Grand Canal. There are some quarries of good limestone, used for buildings in which hewn stone is not required, and also burnt, into lime for manure. Moore Abbey, the property of the Marquess of Drogheda, is a spacious mansion, erected on the site of the ancient conventual buildings, of which the only remains are some sculptured ornaments inserted into the gable end of the domestic chapel: in the entrance-hall, which is wainscoted with oak, Loftus, Viscount Ely, is said to have held the court of chancery in 1641; it is situated in an extensive and greatly improved demesne near the banks of the river Barrow. The living is a perpetual curacy, in the diocese of Kildare, and in the patronage of the Marquess of Drogheda, in whom the rectory is impropriate: the tithes amount to £129. 5. 8. The church is a venerable structure with a square tower overspread with ivy, and was recently repaired by a grant of £880 from the Ecclesiastical Commissioners; it was built by the Drogheda family, in lieu of one which was originally situated within their demesne. In the R. C. divisions the parish is the head of a union or district, comprising also the parishes of Kildangan, Nurney, Donany, and parts of those of Lea, Ballybracken, Harristown, and Walterstown: the chapel is a plain cruciform structure. There are places of worship for Primitive and Wesleyan Methodists. The parochial school, for which a good school-house, with apartments for the master and mistress, was erected on an acre of ground given by the Rev. H. Moore, with £300 presented by the trustees of the Marquess of Drogheda's estates, is supported by the incumbent, by a bequest of the late Viscountess Ely, and by a grant of £30 per annum from the Marquess of Drogheda, who also gave £300 towards the national schools, and allows £30 per ann. to the master and mistress. An infants' school has been built and is supported at the sole expense of Lady Henry Cole. About 360 children are taught in these schools; and there are also six private schools, in which are about 280 children; and a Sunday school. A bequest of £3 per annum for teaching 12 poor children, and of £4 for apprenticing a Protestant child, was made, about 150 years since, by a member of the Loftus family; and £100 per ann. is given by the proprietor of the Drogheda estate to be distributed in acts of charity, at the discretion of the incumbent; as also is A3 per annum, late currency, bequeathed by the late Viscountess Ely.

MONASTERNENAGH.-- See MANISTER.

MONASTERORIS. -- See CASTROPETRE.

MONEGAY, MOLCHONRIAH, or TEMPLE-NA-MONA, a parish, in the Glenquin Division of the barony of UPPER CONNELLO, county of LIMERICK, and province of MUNSTER, on the road from Limerick to Tralee; containing, with part of the post-town of Newcastle, 4711 inhabitants. The parish comprises 21,798 statute acres, as applotted under the tithe act, one-third of which is arable, producing good crops; about one-third is meadow and pasture, on which are several extensive dairy farms; and the remainder is uncultivated mountain, everywhere affording excellent pasturage to numerous herds of young cattle and sheep, and containing also some bog. The lower parts of the parish are based on limestone, dipping westward beneath the mountains, which are of the coal formation, namely, silicious grit and very compact indurated clay, or clunch, in which five beds of coal are found, but the two upper seams, that are very thin, only are worked. The upper stratum, called culm, is chiefly used for burning lime: iron-stone and fire-clay are abundant and very good, but neither are worked; and the silicious grit is only used for making roads. The principal seats are Glanduff Castle, the residence of Eyre Massy, Esq.; Woodlawn, of R. Cart, Esq.; Tulliline, of J. J. Furlong, Esq.; and Mount Plummer, of Brudenell Plummer, Esq. The living is a rectory and vicarage, in the diocese of Limerick, forming part of the union of Newcastle; the tithes amount to £500; the glebe comprises 53 acres of very rich land. The church stands in the town of Newcastle. The R. C. parish is co-extensive with that of the Established Church, and is called Rathcahill and Templeglauntane; it contains two chapels. About 150 children are educated in a school supported by the Earl of Devon, and in two national schools; and there are five private schools, in which are about 120 boys and 60 girls. Ruins exist of the church of the Knights Templars, called Teampul-na-glauntane, in which is a tomb of the ancient family of Lacy; of another, called Team-pul-na-Hinghine-bugdhe, or "the Church of the Devout Daughter ;" and of the fine old parish church. There are also the ruins of several heathen temples, or druidical altars.

MONEMOINTER, or BALLYCLOGHY, a parish, in the barony of GAULTIER, county of WATERFORD, and province of MUNSTER, 4 miles (S. S. E.) from Waterford; containing 102 inhabitants. This small parish, also called Monamentra, is situated upon the western side of the harbour of Waterford. The living is a rectory, in the diocese of Waterford, constituting, with the rectories of Kilmacomb and Kilmacleague, and parts of those of Riesk and Kilmeaden, the corps of the chancellorship of Waterford, in the patronage of the Bishop. The tithes amount to £30; and the gross annual value of the dignity, tithes and glebes inclusive, is £476. S. 5. There are three glebes in the union, comprising 35 statute acres, with a house or store in Waterford let at a rent of £31.

MONEYGALL, a village and post-town, in the parish of CULLENWAYNE, barony of CLONLISK, KING'S county, and province of LEINSTER, 6 3/4 miles (S. W.) from Roscrea, and 65 3/4 (S.W. by S.) from Dublin, on the mail coach road to Limerick; containing 379 inhabitants. It comprises 76 houses, and is situated on the estate of the Rev. W. Minchin, near the confines of the county of Tipperary: it has a patent for three fairs during the year, and is a constabulary police station. It is in contemplation to hold petty sessions here shortly. Adjoining is Greenhills, the residence of the proprietor, a modern and elegant mansion in a highly ornamented demesne. Busherstown, originally called Bouchards-town, is a handsome residence of a branch of the same family. The church service is performed twice every Sunday in the school-house, there being no church in the parish. There is a R. C. chapel, and a dispensary was established in 1826.

MONEYMORE, a market and post-town, partly in the parish of DESERTLYN, but chiefly in that of ARDTREA, barony of LOUGHINSHOLIN, county of LONDONDERRY, and province of ULSTER, 24 miles (S.) from Coleraine, and 92 (N.) from Dublin, on the road to Coleraine; containing 1025 inhabitants. This place, which is one of the oldest post-towns in the country, is noticed by Pynnar, in his survey of Ireland, as consisting of an ancient castle, which he describes as a fine old building, and of six good houses of stone and lime, supplied with water conveyed by pipes to the castle and to each of the houses from a well near the limestone quarry at Spring Hill. Cormick O'Hagan, a follower of Sir Phelim O'Nial, took the castle by stratagem in 1641, and it remained for a long time in the possession of the insurgents, by whom it was subsequently destroyed. Sir Phelim, some time after, rendezvoused his troops at this place, whence he marched to plunder the house of Lissan, then the property and residence of Sir Thomas Staples. The castle which was one of the most perfect in Ireland, was taken down about the year 1760, to afford room for a small public-house, and only some portions of the walls are at present remaining. In lowering the high street and the hills some years since, some of the old water pipes were discovered, the wood of which crumbled into dust, but the iron hoops were in a tolerably perfect state and are now in the possession of Mr. Miller; some more of the pipes were also found in trenching a field adjoining the spring, proving the accuracy of Pynnar's statement. The town consists of two principal and five smaller streets, and contains 184 houses, which are very neatly built, and several others are now in progress of erection. About a quarter of a mile above it is Spring Hill, the seat of W. L. Conyngham, Esq., a fine mansion more than 200 years old, pleasantly situated in grounds tastefully arranged and commanding some finely varied scenery; the demesne is enriched with some remarkably fine beech, oak, ash, and fir trees, and close to the house is a remarkably fine cedar. A very elegant house has been recently built by Rowley Miller, Esq., agent of the Drapers' company, and another by J. R. Miller, Esq.; the glebe-house, built in 1831 by the Hon. and Rev. J. P. Hewitt, is a very handsome residence; and Desertlyn Cottage, the residence of J. Smyth, Esq., is pleasantly situated and the grounds tastefully laid out. There are also, in the immediate vicinity of the town, handsome houses belonging to Z. Maxwell and E. L. Batchelor, Esqrs., the Rev. J. Barnett, the Rev. G. Thompson, Mrs. Hamilton and others.

The surrounding district has been greatly improved by the Drapers' company, who are the proprietors, since the year 1817, when, on the expiration of a lease granted to Sir W. Rowley, the estates returned into their possession, and have since been managed under their superintendence. The annual rent roll is £10,300, the whole of which is expended by the company in the improvement of the country generally, and more especially of their own property. They have planted more than 800 statute acres, and have completed more than 50 Irish miles of good road at their own expense, for the convenience and benefit of their tenantry; they have expended more than £1000 in the erection of bridges, and are about to plant 800 acres of mountainous land, in addition to the former plantations. They have thus not only added to the improvement and embellishment of the surrounding district, but have contributed greatly to the benefit of the poor by affording employment to the industrious, and have given directions to their agents to afford employment to all that may stand in need of it. The system of agriculture has been greatly improved under the auspices of the North-West Farming Society; there is little or no waste land, and scarcely sufficient bog to supply the inhabitants with fuel. There are many limestone quarries, from which lime is procured chiefly for manure; sandstone and freestone of good quality abound, and from the quarries of the latter was raised the stone for the erection of the new church; coal has also been found near the surface, and about two years since an attempt was made to explore the vein, but without success. The linen manufacture is carried on extensively throughout the district; and there is a considerable traffic by means of Lough Neagh, which is within four miles of the town, and across which merchandise brought by the canal from Belfast and Newry is conveyed to Port Ballyronan, where corn, butter and other agricultural produce of this neighbourhood are shipped to those places for exportation to Liverpool and other English ports. The market is on Monday, and fairs are held on the 21st of each month, at which, in addition to horses, cows, swine, sheep, and agricultural produce, large quantities of linen are also sold. These are the largest linen fairs in the North of Ireland; the sales, on an average, amount to £40,000 per annum. An additional linen market, established in 1835, is held on the first Monday in every month; it is well attended, and promises to equal the other linen fairs in the extent of its sales. The market and court-house, and the linen-hall, erected in 1818, are neat and well-arranged buildings; and near them is a spacious and handsome hotel, erected about the same time. A new marketplace and a spacious corn-store are now being erected, a little off the main street, which will diminish the pressure of the people on market and fair days; and here corn, potatoes, butchers' meat and other articles will be exposed for sale. A constabulary police force is stationed in the town; petty sessions are held on alternate Tuesdays, and a court for the manor once every month, in which debts to the amount of 40s. late currency are recoverable. The manor is co-extensive with the whole estates belonging to the Drapers' company, which include portions of the several parishes of Arboe, Ardtrea, Ballynascreen, Derryloran, Desertlyn, Desertmartin, Kilcronaghan, Lissan, Maghera, and Tamlaght. This estate comprises 64 townlands, nine of which are native freeholds, each paying a chief rent to the company, and of which seven are in the parish of Kilcronaghan.

The parish church of Desertlyn, situated in the town, is a very handsome structure, in the Norman style, and was erected in 1832, at an expense of £6000, wholly defrayed by the Drapers' company. There are also a handsome R. C. chapel, towards the rebuilding of which the same company contributed £230; a place of worship for Presbyterians in connection with the Synod of Ulster, built by the company at an expense of £4000; and one for those in connection with the Seceding Synod, built on ground presented by the company, who also contributed £250 towards its erection; these last pay an annual rent of 5s., and the ground around them has been tastefully laid out and planted by the company. Two large and handsome school-houses, with residences for a master and mistress, were built in the town in 1820, and are supported by the Drapers' company, who also have built and support four others in the rural parts of their estate: in these schools about 1400 children are gratuitously instructed, and ten of the boys annually apprenticed to handicraft trades; the masters have each a salary of £50 and the mistresses of £35 per ann., with a house rent-free and a supply of fuel. Two dispensaries, with houses for resident surgeons, were built and are supported by the company, one here and one at Draperstown, for the benefit of their tenantry; and two county dispensaries at the same places were also erected and are solely supported by the same company, for the benefit of such inhabitants of the surrounding district as do not reside on their estates. The company allow £1000 per ann., for the maintenance of the schools and dispensaries, which are regulated by a Board of Governors, consisting of the clergy of all denominations, the resident gentry of the neighbourhood, and the respectable farmers on the estate. There are several Danish forts in the parish, two of which, on the townland of Tulnagee, are in a perfect state; and adjoining the linen-hall are some slight vestiges of the ancient castle.

MONIMOLIN. -- See MONOMOLIN.

MONIVAE, or ABBERT, a market-town and parish, in the barony of TYAQUIN, county of GALWAY, and province of CONNAUGHT, 7 1/2 miles (N.) from Craughwell, to which it has a penny post, on the road from Galway to Castle-Blakeney, and on the river Tyaquin; containing 5117 inhabitants. The parish comprises 15,337 statute acres, as applotted under the tithe act: one-third of the land is good, the remainder being of indifferent quality; there are 1000 acres of waste, and 2500 of bog (on the estate of Tyaquin alone) all reclaimable. It is a constabulary police station, and petty sessions are held at irregular intervals. The market is held on Thursday; and fairs are held on May 12th and Oct. 12th. The principal seats are Tyaquin, the residence of Edmond Burke, Esq.; Monivae Castle, of Robt. French, Esq.; Rye Hill, of Mrs. Riddington; Abbert, of J. H. Blakeney, Esq.; Bellville, of T. Mahon, Esq.; Bengarra, of J. Bodkin, Esq.; and Currandoo, of M. Dowdall, Esq. The living is a perpetual curacy, in the diocese of Tuam, and in the patronage of the incumbent of Athenry: the income of the perpetual curate is £92. 6. 1 1/2 ., derived from £60 paid by the rector of Athenry, and £32. 6. 1 1/2. from the Ecclesiastical Commissioners. The church is a neat edifice, built in 1761, towards which the late Board of First Fruits gave £268. In the R. C. divisions the parish is partly in the union or district of Athenry, and partly in that of Abbeyknockmoy; in each portion there is a chapel, one of which is on the Tyaquin estate. About 70 children are educated in the parochial school, which is aided by the perpetual curate; and about 100 in two private schools. A national school-house has just been completed; and here is a dispensary. In the demesne of Tyaquin are the ruins of an old castle; and an inscription on a stone in the old chapel purports that it covers the remains of Hobbert Burke, Earl of Ulster, Lord of Connaught, Viscount Galway and Baron Tyaquin. Here is a chalybeate spa, on the properties of which Dr. Macartney wrote a treatise.

MONKNEWTOWN, a parish, in the barony of UPPER SLANE, county of MEATH, and province of LEINSTER, 2 1/2 miles (E. by N.) from Slane, on the road to Drogheda; containing 700 inhabitants. It is bounded on the south by the river Boyne, and on the north-east it is separated by the Mattock from the parish of Tulloghallen, in the county of Louth, of which, in the ecclesiastical divisions, it is considered to form a part. The land is in general of excellent quality, and is nearly equally divided between tillage and pasture; the pasture land in the vicinity of New Grange, the residence of R. Maguire, Esq., is of the very best description. On the river Mattock is an extensive flour-mill, partly propelled by steam; and the canal from Drogheda to Navan passes through the southern part of the parish. In the R. C. divisions it forms part of the union or district of Grangegeeth: the chapel, a neat structure, is near the ruins of the ancient church. About 30 children are educated in a private school. At New Grange is a remarkable vestige of antiquity, consisting of a mound surrounded by a circle of upright stones, and in which is a vaulted cave in the form of a cross: it is fully described in the article on Slane.

MONKSGRANGE. -- See GRANGEMONK.

MONKSLAND, or MONKSTOWN, a parish, in the barony of UPPERTHIRD, county of WATERFORD, and province of MUNSTER, 3 miles (S. S. E.) from Kilmacthomas, on the river Mahon; containing 1024 inhabitants. It comprises 1290 statute acres, and is a rectory, in the diocese of Lismore, forming part of the union of Innislonnagh: the tithes amount to £112. The church serves as a chapel of ease to Innislonnagh, besides which divine service is performed once on Sunday, and on Tuesday evenings, in a school-house. A day school is supported by Lady Osborne, in which are about 40 children.

MONKSTOWN, a parish, in the barony of KERRYCURRIHY, county of CORK, and province of MUNSTER, on the new line of road from Passage to Cork, and on the western shore of the river Lee, at its confluence with the sea in Cork harbour; containing, with part of the post-town of Passage-West, 2199 inhabitants, of which number, 698 are in the village of Monkstown. It derives its name from a small establishment of Benedictine monks, called Legan abbey, belonging to the priory of St. John's, Waterford, which was formed here in the fourteenth century, on a grant of land made to the original establishment by the family of McCarthy, being part of their manor of Marmullane; of the buildings there are no traces. A house in the Elizabethan style was built on the side of a glen, in 1636, by Eustace Gould, called Monkstown castle: it is a gloomy structure, and was once rented by the government for barracks, but it is now used as a store-house by the proprietor, or lessee under Lords Longford and De Vesci, who, by the marriage of two heiresses, became possessed of this property, which had been forfeited by the Archdeacons, or Goulds, from their attachment to the cause of James II. in the revolution of 1688. The parish is bounded on the east and south-east by the Lee and the harbour of Cove; it comprises 1546 statute acres, of which about 100 are scattered woodland and ornamental grounds, 60 rock, and the remainder arable and pasture; the annual value is about £1500. The land is moderately well cultivated, though at a great expense, and the soil being fertile is productive of good crops of corn and grass. The rocks are of clay-slate, and, near Carrigmahon, are precipitous and interesting; the steepest is called the Giant's Stairs, being a rocky promontory with receding ledges of rock, having the appearance of a rude staircase when viewed from the opposite bank of the Lee. There are several quarries of a red and brown stone, useful for many purposes, the former being chiefly used for lining limekilns. The river Lee affords every facility for water carriage, and here is excellent anchorage for vessels of all sizes. The village, which has a penny post to Cork, comprises a great number of detached villas and cottages, many being new and very handsome, particularly twelve beautiful marine villas recently built close to the shore; they are constructed in the pure Elizabethan style, and are chiefly occupied by respectable families as bathing-lodges, for which purpose the village is most favourably situated. It is built on the sides of a deep glen, which is thickly clothed with beautiful and thriving plantations, much increasing the natural beauty of the scene: the prospect is very extensive, taking in the woods of Ballybricken, Rostellan, and Prospect; the islands of Hawlbowling, the Rock, and Spike, with their numerous forts, depots, arsenals, and magazines; Ringskiddy, crowned by its martello tower; and the numerous vessels in the harbour. Among the elegant residences scattered over the parish are Monkstown Castle, that of R. B. Shaw, Esq.; Rock Lodge, of J. Galwey, Esq.; Carrigmahon, of De Courcy O'Grady, Esq.; Rockville, of J. Taylor, Esq.; Bellevue, of N. S. Parker, Esq.; and the glebe-house, of the Rev. Alex. Stuart, besides several very beautiful houses in the portion of the town of Passage that is in the parish, which, by means of the new road, has become one place with Passage. This road was designed by Robert Shaw, Esq.; it winds round the base of all the bold and wooded hills, only a few feet above the level of the highest tides, uniting Cork, Douglas, Passage, Monkstown, Carrigaline, and Kinsale: the estimated cost was £2700, one-third of which was to be paid by the barony, the remainder by the county.

The living is a vicarage, in the diocese of Cork and in the patronage of Lord De Vesci: the income of the vicar is £50 per ann., payable out of the estate of Monkstown, and secured by the two noble proprietors. The glebe-house, with three acres of land, formerly the residence of Mich. Westropp, Esq., is held by lease for ever from Robt. B. Shaw, Esq., at £25 per ann., derivable from Primate Boulter's augmentation fund. The church, which stands on a picturesque elevation, is a cruciform edifice in the early English style, with a tower and spire, 70 feet high, at the east end: it was built of hewn limestone, in 1832, at an expense of £950, raised by subscriptions from the patrons and others; S. Hollingsworth, Esq., contributed £350, and the noble proprietors of the estate £100. It contains a fine organ and gallery: the west window is of stained glass, exhibiting the armorial bearings of the principal subscribers. The bell has on it this inscription: "Monkstown Protestant church, erected by voluntary contributions, collected in Ireland and England by Gerrard Callaghan, Esq., M. P. for Cork, and the Rev. A. G. H. Hollingsworth. The first Protestant church erected since the Reformation. Lord Longford and Lord De Vesci gave the endowment; Gerrard Callaghan, Esq., M. P. for Cork, first commenced the subscription, and gave the ground for the church; Robert Shaw, Esq., of Monkstown, gave the glebe in perpetuity. A. G. H. Hollingsworth, the first Protestant incumbent; William Hill, of Cork, architect. The church completed March, 1832. Robert Shaw and Wm. Andrews, churchwardens." In the R. C. divisions the parish is annexed to West Passage and part of Carrigaline, the parishioners attending the chapel at Shanbally. The parochial and infants' schools are in Passage; they were founded by subscription in 1836, on land presented by W. Parker, Esq., to be held so long as they shall continue scriptural schools: the parochial school-house is very handsome, and will accommodate about 250 children; it is open to all children of Monkstown and Passage, and is supported by subscription. Besides these there are three private schools, in which are about 60 children. A parochial library has been established for the use of the poor, and an Indigent Room-Keepers' Society has been formed; both are supported by subscriptions. There is a bequest of £10 per ann., made by Mrs. Andrews, to the church, to commence after the decease of her husband. Within the demesne of Monkstown Castle, on the side of the glen, are the ruins of a small chapel, which was the last retreat of a few monks from the abbey of St. Mary, Bath: it was subsequently repaired and appropriated by the Archdeacon family, as a domestic chapel. Numerous Danish forts, or raths, are scattered over the parish; and on an elevated situation a circle of very large stones, partly sunk in the earth, and placed upright, are supposed to be the remains of a druidical altar. Crystals of Irish diamond, very clear and transparent, are occasionally found here; and there is a chalybeate spring.

MONKSTOWN, a parish, in the half-barony of RATHDOWN, county of DUBLIN, and province of LEINSTER, 5 miles (S. E.) from Dublin, on the road to Bray by Kingstown ; containing, with the town of Kingstown and the village of Blackrock (both of which are separately described), 9815 inhabitants. The parish probably derived its name from an ancient grange within its limits belonging to the priory of the Holy Trinity, Dublin. It is pleasantly situated on the bay of Dublin, and comprises 1214 1/2 acres of land, of which a large portion is in demesnes and pleasure grounds. The scenery is beautifully diversified, and the neighbourhood thickly studded with handsome seats and pleasing villas, most of which command fine views of the bay and the adjacent country. Of these, the principal are Monkstown Castle, the residence of Linden Bolton, Esq., a modern house, in the grounds of which are the ruins of two ancient castles of unknown origin; Rockville, of S. Bewley, Esq.; Bloomsbury, of J. Pim, Esq.; Windsor, of M. Thunder, Esq.; Ashton Park, of A. Thunder, Esq.; Monkstown House, of Capt. Kirwan; Somerset, of W. Disney, Esq.; Rochford, of G. P. Wallace, Esq.; Ranelagh House, of Mrs. Molesworth; Rich View, of R. Jordan, Esq.; Richmond Villa, of E. Alexander, Esq.; Carrigbrennan, of J. Pim, jun., Esq.; Richmond Cottage, of R. Gray,Esq.; Glenville, of Mrs. Warburton; Glenville, of H. Rooke, Esq.; Easton Lodge, of Col. Burgoyne; Richview Priory, of R. Jordan, Esq.; Purbeck Lodge, of Capt. Rochfort; Heathville, of J. M. Cheater, Esq.; Plantation, of W. Plant, Esq., M.D.; De Vesci Lodge, of R. Allen, Esq.; Hillsborough, of J. Pim, Esq.; Woodpark, of Mrs. Stepney; Avondale, of C. Hughes, Esq.; Albany House, of A. Williamson, Esq.; Mill-beach, of J. Williamson, Esq.; Monkstown, of E. Maguire, Esq.; Thornhill, of B. Arthure, Esq.; Cromwell Lodge, of J. Price, Esq.; Lark Hill, of T. Allen, Esq.; Richmond Hill, of B. Grant, Esq.; Milfield, of P. Gogarty, Esq.; Monkstown Hill, of S. James, Esq.; and Seafield Cottage, of M. George, Esq. The Dublin and Kingstown railway passes from Blackrock to Kingstown along the coast of this parish. The living is a rectory and curacy, in the diocese of Dublin, the rectory united to those of Kill, Dalkey, Killiney, and Tully, together constituting the corps of the deanery of Christ-Church, Dublin, in the patronage of the Crown; and the curacy united to the curacies of the same parishes, forming the union of Monkstown, in the patronage of the Dean. The tithes amount to £204. 9., the whole payable to the curate; the dean receives only two-thirds of the tithes of the other parishes in the union, the remaining third being also paid to the curate. The glebe-house is a neat building, and there are two glebes, comprising together 14 acres. The church was rebuilt a few years since in the later English style, and the Ecclesiastical Commissioners have recently granted £216 towards its repair. There are chapels of ease at Blackrock, Killiney, and Kingstown. In the R. C. divisions the greater part of the parish is within the union or district of Kingstown. There is a place of worship for the Society of Friends. About 780 children are taught in five public schools, of which the parochial and infants' schools are supported by subscription, and two under the new Board of Education are aided by an annual donation from the R. C. clergyman; there is also a private school, in which are about 60 children. The Rathdown dispensary, in this parish, was established in 1812, and from that time till June, 1835, afforded relief to 28,424 patients. From an accumulation of its funds, amounting to £500, an hospital was erected in 1834, containing four wards with eight beds in each, and apartments for the requisite attendants; it is situated in a healthy spot, nearly in the centre of the barony, and is supported by subscription. There are some remains of the ancient church; and near the village of Glasthule is a curious rocking-stone of very large dimensions.

MONKSTOWN, or MOUNTOWN, a parish, in the barony of SKREEN, county of MEATH, and province of LEINSTER, 5 miles (S. E. by S.) from Navan; on the road to Duleek by Black-Lion; containing 429 inhabitants. It is a rectory, in the diocese of Meath, entirely impropriate in Mrs. C. Reynell: the tithes amount to £151. In the R. C. divisions it forms part of the union or district of Johnstown. A national school at Walterstown affords instruction to about 50 children.

MONMOHENNOCK, or DUNMANOGUE, a parish, in the barony of KILKEA and MOONE, county of KILDARE, and province of LEINSTER, 3 miles (S. W.) from Castledermot; with which place the population is returned. This parish comprises 2790 statute acres, as applotted under the tithe act. It is a rectory and vicarage, in the diocese of Dublin, forming the corps of the prebend of Monmohennock, in the cathedral of St. Patrick's, and part of the union of Castledermot: the tithes amount to £200, and the gross annual value of the prebend is £222. 10. In the R. C. divisions it is part of the union or district of Castledermot: a neat chapel has lately been erected here. A school has also lately been built under the National Board, in which about 60 children are taught. There are very small remains of the old abbey of Dunmanogue.

MONOMOLIN, or MONOMOLING, a parish, partly in the barony of BALLAGHKEEN, but chiefly in that of GOREY, county of WEXFORD, and province of LEINSTER, 8 miles (S. by W.) from Gorey, on the old road from that place to Wexford; containing 1986 inhabitants. It is situated on the river Awen-o-varra, by which it is partly bounded on the east, and comprises 7743 statute acres, chiefly under tillage: within its limits is a quarry of good building stone. The living is a rectory and perpetual curacy, in the diocese of Ferns: the rectory forms part of the union of Leskinfere, and the corps of the treasurership of Ferns; the curacy, formed in 1822, is in the patronage of the Treasurer. The tithes amount to £461, of which £401 is payable to the rector, and £60 to the curate; the latter sum being the amount of the tithes of the townlands of Clone and Curratabbin, with which the curacy was endowed by the present incumbent. The glebe-house was built by aid of a gift of £450, and a loan of £50 from the late Board of First Fruits, and, together with a glebe of 26 acres, is attached to the curacy. The church is a neat modern structure, towards the erection of which the same Board granted a loan of £1000; and the Ecclesiastical Commissioners have lately given £154 for its repair. In the R. C. divisions the parish is partly in the union or district of Monageer, but chiefly in that of Litter: the chapel is at Monomolin. About 30 children are educated in the parochial school, which was established a few years since by the incumbent and is partly supported by subscription: the master has the school-house and an acre of land rent-free.

MONSEA, or MOUNTSEA, a parish, in the barony of LOWER ORMOND, county of TIPPERARY, and province of MUNSTER, 2 1/4 miles (N. W.) from Nenagh, on the road to Dromineer, near the river Shannon; containing 1753 inhabitants. It comprises about 5265 statute acres, chiefly in tillage; the land is in general good, limestone abounds, and the state of agriculture is much improved.

There is a small portion of wet or bottom land. Great facility for the transport of agricultural and other produce is afforded by the steam-boats of the Inland Navigation Company, one of whose stations is in the adjoining parish of Dromineer. The seats are Richmond, the residence of R. W. Gason, Esq., situated in a handsome and well-planted demesne; Tullaghmore, of Wm. Finch, Esq.; the glebe-house, of the Rev. Wm. Cromie; and Rockfort, the property of J. Wolfe, Esq. It is a rectory and vicarage, in the diocese of Killaloe, each forming a distinct benefice, and both in the gift of the Bishop. Of the tithes, amounting to £415. 7. 8 1/2., two-thirds are payable to the rector, and the remainder to the vicar. There is a glebe comprising 8a. 1r.; and a glebe-house, erected in 1813, by aid of a gift of £400, and a loan of £308, from the late Board of First Fruits. The church is a plain structure with a tower, built in 1799, by aid of a gift of £500, and repaired in 1818 by a loan of £50 from the same Board. In the R. C. divisions the parish is the head of a union or district, comprising also the parishes of Killodiernan and Dromineer, and containing two chapels: that of Monsea is a handsome modern building, situated at Carrick; the other is in Killodiernan. About 50 children are educated in a private school. At Ballyatalla are some vestiges of the ancient castle of that name.

MOONE, a parish, in the barony of KILKEA and MOONE, county of KILDARE, and province of LEINSTER, 2 miles (S. by W.) from Ballytore, on the mail coach road from Dublin to Carlow: the population is returned with Timolin. This parish comprises 7220 statute acres, as applotted under the tithe act, and valued at £4234 per annum: the soil is tolerably good and agriculture improving; the land is chiefly under tillage, with some excellent pasture. There are quarries of good grey stone, used for building. The village consists of about 40 houses: here are extensive mills, capable of grinding 15,000 bags of flour annually, the property of Ebenezer Shackleton, Esq., who is building an elegant residence in the Elizabethan style adjoining. Moone Abbey, the seat of Benedict A. Yates, Esq., takes its name from a monastery of the order of St. Francis, near which it is situated; and on the summit of a neighbouring hill are the remains of a long narrow church, supposed to have belonged to that establishment. It is a vicarage, in the diocese of Dublin, forming part of the union of Timolin; the rectory is appropriate to the economy fund of the cathedral of St. Patrick, Dublin. The tithes amount to £378, of which £252 is payable to the economy fund, and £126 to the vicar. In the R. C. divisions it is part of the union or district of Castledermot; the chapel is a large cruciform structure in the village. There are remains of an ancient castle, supposed to have been built by one of the first English adventurers, on the bank of the river, above which, one tower yet standing forms a conspicuous object. Little of the history of this castle is known. It received considerable injury during the disturbances of 1798; but part of the building is preserved in a habitable condition by B. A. Yates, Esq. Near the ruins of the Franciscan monastery is a very curious ancient stone cross; and at a short distance, there is an artificial mount, in which Counsellor Ash was interred, by his own desire. and which has since been planted and enclosed with a wall.

MOORE, a parish, in the half-barony of MOYCARNON, county of ROSCOMMON, and province of CONNAUGHT, 2 1/2 miles (E.) from Ballinasloe, on the road to Athlone, and on the rivers Shannon and Suck; containing 4376 inhabitants. Disturbances have occasionally occurred of late years at this place, which has been the scene of many outrages. The parish comprises 9856 1/2 statute acres, chiefly arable and poor land; there are about 100 acres of bog, easily reclaimable, as there is a fall into the Shannon and Suck, which latter river merges into the Shannon, at right angles, at Shannon bridge good limestone is abundant. Petty sessions are held at Ballydangan every Thursday; and there is a constabulary police station, about a mile from which, at Tully House, is a chief station of the constabulary force. The principal seats are Clonburn, the residence of J. Knight, Esq.; Falta, of T. Power, Esq.; Thomastown Park, of E. H. Naghten, Esq.; Castle Park, of W. Kelly, Esq.; Birch Grove, of Mrs. O'Shaughnessy; Killawn, of E. Duffy, Esq.; Tully, of Mr. Lowry, the chief constable; Woodpark, of Owen Lynch, Esq.; Kilbegley, of B. Newcomen, Esq.; Correen, of J. T. Potts, Esq.; two at Shannon Bridge, the respective residences of A. and D. Lynch, Esqrs.; and Dromalga Cottage, the property of Sir R. St. George, Bart., now occupied by Mr. Dexter. The living is a rectory and vicarage, in the diocese of Tuam, episcopally united to the vicarage of Drum, and in the patronage of the Bishop: the tithes amount to £224. 10., of which £12 is payable to the dean of Clonfert; and the gross tithes of the benefice are £302. 10. The church is a neat building, erected, in 1825, by a gift of £900 from the late Board of First Fruits: the basement story is appropriated as a residence for the sexton's family. The R. C. parish is co-extensive with that of the Established Church, and contains a chapel at Clonfad and another at Moore. There are two private schools, in which are about 100 children. At Clonburn, Moore, and Kilbegley, are ruins of churches with burial-grounds attached.

MOORECHURCH, a parish, in the barony of UPPER DULEEK, county of MEATH, and province of LEINSTER, 4 miles (N. W.) from Balbriggan, on the mail-coach road from Dublin to Belfast; containing 1009 inhabitants. The parish comprises 4860 statute acres, of which 4562 1/4 are applotted under the tithe act; two-thirds of the land are arable, and one-third pasture, and about 56 acres are woods and plantations. Agriculture has greatly improved; the land in the eastern part of the parish is of very superior quality, and noted for the neatness of the hedgerows. Near Dardistown is a good flour and corn-mill; and in the vicinity is a small tuck-mill. The principal seats are Dardistown Castle, the residence of H. Osborne, Esq.; Mosney House, of G. Pepper, Esq.; Claremount, of B. Clare, Esq.; Moorechurch, of G. Yates, Esq.; and Claristown, of Jas. Ennis, Esq. The coast is here a broad shallow strand, in view of which are the Cargee rocks, off the Dublin coast, dry at half-tide, and on which a beacon is fixed. It is a vicarage, in the diocese of Meath, forming part of the union of Julianstown; the rectory is impropriate in George Pepper, Esq. The tithes amount to £550, of which £450 is payable to the impropriator, and £100 to the vicar; the glebe comprises 9 1/2 acres, valued at £28. 18. 6. per annum. In the R. C. divisions it is part of the union or district of Stamullen; there is a neat chapel at Sarsfieldstown; where also are remains of an ancient stone cross. Ruins of the old church exist; and in the burial-ground is a tomb-stone to the memory of Jane Sarsfield, Dowager Baroness of Dunsaney, who died in 1597.

MOORGAGA, a parish, in the barony of KILMAINE, county of MAYO, and province of CONNAUGHT, 5 1/2 miles (N.) from Headfort, on the road to Ballinrobe; containing 518 inhabitants. The parish comprises 1362 1/4 statute acres of arable and pasture land. It is a rectory and vicarage, in the diocese of Tuam, forming part of the union of Kilmainmore: the tithes amount to £55. In the R. C. divisions it is part of the union or district of Kilmain. There is a private school, in which are about 160 children. From the fine ruins of the abbey of Kill, part of the possessions of the Benedictines in the 12th century, situated near the border of a small lake, an extensive and interesting view is obtained.

MORA, or MOORESTOWN, a parish, in the barony of MIDDLETHIRD, county of TIPPERARY, and province of MUNSTER, 3 miles (W. by S.) from Fethard; containing 813 inhabitants, and comprising 2400 statute acres, as applotted under the tithe act. The living is a rectory, in the diocese of Lismore, being the corps of the prebend of Mora in the cathedral of Lismore, and in the patronage of the Bishop: the tithes amount to £259. 7. 11. About 70 children are educated in a school aided by the rector: the school-house was built by subscription.

MORANSTOWN. -- See ALMORITIA.

MORGANS, a parish, in the Shanid Division of the barony of LOWER CONNELLO, county of LIMERICK, and province of MUNSTER, 4 miles (W.) from Askeaton, on the road from Limerick to Tarbert; containing 470 inhabitants. This parish, which is situated on the southern bank of the Shannon, comprises 1847 statute acres, as applotted under the tithe act; the laud is generally fertile, but, being much subdivided into small holdings, is badly cultivated; yet it produces good corn and potatoe crops, and some of the low lands afford excellent pasture. In the Shannon are several islands; and near the banks of the river is Mount Pleasant, the residence of Mrs. Sandes. It is a vicarage, in the diocese of Limerick, forming part of the union of Nantinan, and of the corps of the precentorship of Limerick; the rectory is appropriate to the vicars choral of Limerick. The tithes amount to £54, of which £36 is payable to the lessees of the appropriators, and £18 to the vicar. In the R. C. divisions it is part of the union or district of Shanagolden. There are extensive ruins of the old parish church, called Templemuireguiedan, originally erected by the Knights Templars, and rebuilt by the Franciscan monks of Askeaton, in 1496.

MORNINGTON, formerly a parish, now merged into Colpe, and called Colpe-cum-Mornington, in the barony of LOWER DULEEK, county of MEATH, and province of LEINSTER, on the southern bank of the river Boyne, and near the entrance of the harbour of Drogheda, 2 miles (E.) from Drogheda; containing 265 inhabitants. This place is enumerated among the possessions of the abbey of Colpe, at the dissolution, as "the farm of Weisley." It is now merely a fishing village, consisting of 42 houses, a bridge over a stream which empties itself into the Boyne, and a small R. C. chapel, belonging to the union of St. Mary's, Drogheda. Here are the ruins of a church, with a turret at the west end pierced for two bells. On the coast are two very remarkable towers, called "the Lady's Finger" and "the Maiden Tower ;" the former has rather the appearance of a monumental column with a square base, from which rises a round tapering shaft terminating in a cone above a band of masonry. The latter is much higher, and no less remarkable for its slender proportions; it is surrounded by battlements, and supposed to have been erected in the reign of Elizabeth, as a beacon to the port of Drogheda. Mornington gives the titles of Earl and Baron to Marquess Wellesley.

MORRISTOWN-B1LLER, a parish, in the barony of CONNELL, county of KILDARE, and province of LEINSTER, 1 mile (W.) from Newbridge, on the mail coach road from Dublin to Limerick, and on the river Liffey; containing 1302 inhabitants. This parish comprises 3436 statute acres, chiefly under tillage, with 40 acres of common, and a large tract of the bog of Allen. The improved system of agriculture having been generally adopted, the land is in good condition; fuel is plentifully obtained from the neighbouring bogs; and good brick clay is found here. Moorefield House, a handsome mansion, is the residence of Ponsonby Moore, Esq. The living is a rectory, in the diocese of Kildare, and in the patronage of the Crown; it is episcopally united to the rectory of Old Connell, which union is called also Morristown-Biller and Old Connell. A great portion of the parish is tithe-free; of the remainder, the tithes amount to £85; and the entire value of the benefice is £225. The glebe-house was built by a gift of £450, and a loan of £170, from the late Board of First Fruits, in 1831. The church is a small edifice, in the early English style, built in 1828, by a gift of £600, and a loan of £300, from the same Board; and the Ecclesiastical Commissioners have recently granted £287 for repairs. In the R. C. divisions the parish forms part of the union or district of Newbridge. About 30 children are educated in a school aided by private subscriptions; there is also a private school, in which are about 50 children.

MORTLESTOWN, a parish, in the barony of IFFA and OFFA, county of TIPPERARY, and province of MUNSTER, 1 1/2 mile (N. by E.) from Cahir, on the road from Clonmel to Cashel; containing 574 inhabitants, and comprising 1835 statute acres, as applotted under the tithe act. It is a rectory, in the diocese of Lismore, forming part of the union of Outragh; the tithes amount to £150. An improper presentation to this benefice was one of the charges brought against the Earl of Strafford, when impeached by the English parliament. Here are the ruins of a castle, which appears to have been formerly of considerable extent.

MOSSIDE, a village, in the grange of DRUMTALLAGH, barony of CAREY, county of ANTRIM, and province of ULSTER; containing 50 houses and 231 inhabitants.

MOSSTOWN, a parish, in the barony of ARDEE, county of LOUTH, and province of LEINSTER, 2 miles (S. W.) from Dunleer, on the road to Collon; containing 1229 inhabitants. It comprises, according to the Ordnance survey, 3817 3/4 statute acres, chiefly in tillage, and under an improved system of agriculture. Rathescar, the seat of the Hon. Baron Foster (formerly belonging to a branch of the Barnewall family), is a spacious mansion, erected on the site of an ancient castle. The Baron has erected an excellent observatory, which being raised to a considerable height above the house, forms a conspicuous object at a distance, and commands extensive views: the gardens and hot-houses are of the first character; and the demesne, which comprises about 480 statute acres, is well planted, tastefully disposed, and embellished with a fine sheet of water. It is a rectory and vicarage, in the diocese of Armagh, forming part of the union of Collon: the tithes amount to £248. 14. 11., and there is a glebe of three acres, valued at £5. 9. 10. per annum. In the R. C. divisions it is part of the union or district of Dunleer, and has a chapel at Philipstown. The school at Philipstown is aided by an annual donation of £10 from the Hon. Baron Foster: in this and in a private school about 18O children are educated.

MOSTRIM. -- See EDGEWORTHSTOWN.

MOTHELL, a parish, in the barony of FASSADINING, county of KILKENNY, and province of LEINSTER, 4 miles (S. by W.) from Castlecomer, on the road to Kilkenny, and on the river Dinin; containing 2427 inhabitants. The parish comprises 6622 statute acres, of which 6572 are applotted under the tithe act. The living is a rectory and vicarage, in the diocese of Ossory, episcopally united, from time immemorial, to the rectories of Kilmodumoge and Kilderry, and in the patronage of the Bishop; the tithes amount to £369. 4. 7 1/2., and of the benefice to £686. 18. 7 1/2. The glebe-house was built by a gift of £100, and a loan of £550, from the late Board of First Fruits, in 1807; the glebe comprises 34 acres. The church was built by aid of a gift of £500, in 1792, from the same Board, which also granted a loan of £200 for it, in 1814, and the Ecclesiastical Commissioners have recently granted £345 for repairs. In the R. C. divisions the parish forms part of the union or district of Muckalee, and has a chapel at Lisnafunchin. About 100 children are taught in the parochial school at Coolcullen, which is aided by an annual donation from the rector, who has also given an acre of land. There are five private schools, in which about 240 children are educated; and a Sunday school. The celebrated cave of Dunmore is in this parish: the entrance to it is on the slope of a gentle hill to the south of the church. It consists of several subterranean apartments, the first being of large dimensions and irregular shape, and fifty feet high: a narrow passage thence diverges into another large room, from which winding passages lead into others. The whole is in the limestone rock, the bold and mysterious masses of which, darkly shewn by the torches of the visitor, are adorned by a countless variety of stalactites formed by the water that constantly percolates through the roof. A stream of water runs through the cavern, near which many skulls and bones enveloped in calcareous spar have been found. In the vicinity are the ruins of a castle and a church; also of a very large rath, encompassed by three ramparts.

MOTHELL, or MOATHILL, a parish, in the barony of UPPERTHIRD, county of WATERFORD, and province of MUNSTER, 3 miles (S. by E.) from Carrick-on-Suir; containing 3709 inhabitants. St. Brogan founded here an abbey, of which he was the first abbot, and was succeeded by St. Coan: it is thought, to have been a house of Canons Regular of the order of St. Augustine, though some say of Cistercian monks. The abbey and its possessions were surrendered in the 31st of Hen. VIII., and two years afterwards were granted to -- Butler and Peter Power, at the annual rent of £6. 4. The parish comprises 18,086 statute acres of arable land, as applotted under the tithe act; and 3000 of mountain: all the western part is occupied by the mountains of Cummeragh, extending from the river Suir, southward, to the neighbourhood of Dungarvan. These form an irregular chain of heights, the sides of which are extremely wild and precipitous, presenting, even from a distance, striking masses of light and shade. These wild and lonely mountains, rarely visited but by the sportsman and the summer tourist, everywhere afford romantic and even sublime scenery. They are composed almost entirely of argillaceous schistus, of different qualities, in vertical beds, together with a slaty conglomerate: close-grained white, grey, and red sandstone, and veins of quartz occur, with porphyritic rocks, and indications of iron, particularly iron glance. There are several lakes on the summits of the mountains, the scenery around which is highly picturesque, and in some parts magnificent; they are called the Cummer-loughs and the Stillogues, in the former of which a remarkably fine species of trout is found. In descending from this elevated situation to the river Suir, the change is remarkably striking, as the country, in parts, assumes a great degree of softness and richness. Near one of the Cummeragh mountains are the village and castle of Clonea, which latter is the seat of Wall Morris, Esq.; it is a perfect specimen of an ancient fortified residence, consisting of a quadrangular building of great height, divided into several stories, approached by a flight of stairs within the walls: the watch-tower commands a magnificent prospect. The keep was formerly surrounded by a strong wall enclosing a square area, with circular towers at each angle and a moat outside; only two of the towers can now be distinctly traced. The plantations on the banks of the river Clodagh, which flows close to the castle, give additional interest to the scene. The living is a vicarage, in the diocese of Lismore, episcopally united, in 1800, to the vicarages of Rathgormuck and Fews, and in the patronage of the Duke of Devonshire, in whom the rectory is impropriate; the tithes amount to £856, of which £316 is payable to the impropriator, and the remainder to the vicar; the gross tithes of the benefice amount to £781. 0. 5. The glebe-house was erected by aid of a gift of £100, and a loan of £900, in 1818, from the late Board of First Fruits: the glebe comprises 2f acres. The church is a neat edifice, with a tower, built by aid of a loan of £600 from the same Board, in 1817; for its repair the Ecclesiastical Commissioners have recently granted £115. In the R. C. divisions this parish and Rathgormuck are called the union or district of Rathgormuck and Mothell, in each of which is a chapel. The parochial school, the house for which was built at the expense of the parishioners, is at Clonea; and there are three private schools, the school-house of one of which was built at the expense of Henry Winston Barron, Esq.; in the latter about 200 children are educated. The ruins of the ancient abbey cover a large extent of ground: what appear to have been the south and west walls of the conventual church are standing; in the latter a beautiful Norman arch, about 12 feet high, now partly built up, opens into a small square chamber. Six remarkably sculptured stones, inserted in different parts of the wall, present rude historical reliefs, and the rest are figures of the apostles. In the small building above mentioned, which is set apart for the interment of particular families, are some curious ancient memorials, and several modern tombs of neighbouring families. Here is an ancient moat, from which the parish is said to derive its name. In the river Clodagh a species of muscle is found, frequently containing pearls of a pale blue colour.

MOUNT-BELLEW-BRIDGE, a market-town, in the parish of MOYLOUGH, barony of KILLIAN, county of GALWAY, and province of CONNAUGHT, 5 miles (N. W.) from Castle-Blakeney, on the road from Tuam to Ballinasloe; containing, in 1836, about 600 inhabitants. This place has increased very much within the last few years, under the auspices of M. Dillon Bellew, Esq.; it is remarkably clean and neat, and most of the houses have shops. An excellent market is held on Tuesday for all sorts of agricultural produce, live stock, and some manufactured goods. Mr. Steel has large stores here, and buys extensively in the market for Liverpool. Fairs are held on May 7th, June 9th, July 25th, and Sept. 29th. A seneschal's court monthly, and petty sessions fortnightly, are held here; and it is a constabulary police station. There is also a dispensary. Mount Bellew, the seat of M. D. Bellew, Esq., is considered to present some of the greatest improvements, and is the most prettily laid out, of any in the county. The late Mr. Bellew gave 10 acres of land towards the support of a monastery of the order of St. Francis, the inmates of which superintend a national school, to which the Board of Education grants £10 per ann.; it is a neat edifice, built by subscription, towards which Mr. Bellew was the chief contributor: the chapel, built at his cost, is a very pretty structure, with a tower 72 feet high. Should the plan of making the river Suck navigable to its junction with the Shiven take place, it is also proposed to make the latter navigable for boats to this place, which would confer on it great advantages, as agricultural produce could then be conveyed to the Shannon from this part of the country.

MOUNT-BOLUS, a village, in the parish of KILLAUGHEY, barony of BALLYBOY, KING'S county, and province of LEINSTER, 3 miles (S.) from Frankford, on the southern road to Tullamore; containing 30 dwellings and 164 inhabitants. Here is a station of the constabulary police; also the R. C. chapel for this part of the district of Frankford.

MOUNT-CHARLES, a town, in the parish of INVER, barony of BANNAGH, county of DONEGAL, and province of ULSTER, 3 miles (W.) from Donegal, on the road from Donegal to Killybegs; containing 508 inhabitants. It consists of only one street, in which are 83 houses, a small market-house (in which divine service is performed every Sunday), a school-house under the trustees of Erasmus Smith's charity, and a dispensary; it is a constabulary police station, and has a penny-post to Ardara, Donegal, and Killybegs. Fairs are held on Jan. 18th, March 28th, May 10th, June 9th, Aug. 20th, Sept. 22nd, Oct. 22nd, and Nov. 18th. Near the town is the Hall, the property of the Marquess of Conyngham, but at present occupied by Col. Pratt. Mount-Charles gives the inferior titles of Earl and Viscount to the Marquess of Conyngham.

MOUNT-COIN, or MONCOIN, a village and extra-parochial place, locally in the parish of POLEROAN, barony of IVERK, county of WATERFORD, and province of LEINSTER, 6 miles (W.) from Waterford, on the road to Carrick-on-Suir; containing 102 houses and 495 inhabitants. In the R. C. divisions this place is the head of a union or district, comprising the parishes of Rathkyran, Aglishmartin, Portnescully, Poleroan, Clonmore, Ballytarsna, Tubrid, and part of Burnchurch, in which union are three chapels; that of Mountcoin is a neat edifice.

MOUNT-FIELD, an ecclesiastical district, in the barony of STRABANE, county of TYRONE, and province of ULSTER, 5 miles (E. N. E.) from Omagh, to which it has a penny-post, and on the river Shrule; containing 2634 inhabitants. It comprises 10,366 3/4 statute acres, chiefly in tillage. The late Sir William McMahon, Bart., made some progress in the erection of a town here, where fairs are to be established; and a new road has been opened through this district direct from Omagh to Belfast. The living is a perpetual curacy, in the diocese of Derry, and in the patronage of the Rector of Cappagh, of which parish it forms part. The curate receives a stipend of £75, of which £50 is paid by the rector, and £25 from Primate Boulter's augmentation fund. The church is a small but neat edifice with a lofty spire, erected in 1826 on the side of a mountain, at an expense of £830. 15. 4 1/2., defrayed by the late Board of First Fruits. In the parochial and another public school, both aided by Lady McMahon, about 150 children are educated; about 70 children are taught in a private school; and there are three Sunday schools.

MOUNT-MELLICK, a market and post-town, partly in the parish of COOLBANAGHER, barony of PORTNEHINCH, but chiefly in that of ROSENALLIS, barony of TINNEHINCH, QUEEN'S county, and province of LEINSTER, 5 miles (N. W.) from Maryborough, and 40 (W. S. W.) from Dublin, on the road from Portarlington to Clonaslee; containing 4577 inhabitants. This town, which is nearly encircled by the small river Owenas or Onas, was anciently called Moun-cha-Meelick, signifying "the green island." It consists of one principal with some smaller streets, and in 1831 contained 700 houses, many of which are very neat and some elegant buildings: from the extent of its trade and manufactures it ranks as the chief town in the county. The weaving of cotton is carried on very extensively, and affords employment to about 2000 persons in the town and neighbourhood; the manufacture of woollen stuffs and coarse woollen cloths also is conducted on a very extensive scale by the Messrs. Beale and Messrs. Milner and Sons, who have lately erected very spacious buildings adjoining the town for spinning and weaving, in which nearly the same number of persons are employed. In 1834, Messrs. J. and D. Roberts, from Anglesea, established an iron and brass foundry here, on an extensive scale, for the manufacture of steam and locomotive engines and machinery in general, in which about 40 persons are employed. There are also an extensive manufactory of bits and stirrups, a tanyard, three breweries, a flour-mill, two soap manufactories, a distillery making about 120,000 gallons of whiskey annually, and some long established potteries for tiles and the coarser kinds of earthenware. A branch of the Grand Canal, which has been brought to the town from Monastereven has greatly promoted its trade in corn, butter, and general merchandise, which is rapidly increasing. The market days are Wednesday and Saturday; fairs for cattle, horses, sheep, and pigs are held on Feb. 1st, March 17th, May 1st, June 2nd, Thursday after Trinity-Sunday, July 20th, Aug. 26th, Sept. 29th, Nov. 1st, and Dec. 11th. A chief constabulary police force is stationed in the town, and there are subordinate stations at Clonaslee, Kilcabin, and Rosenallis. By a recent act of parliament, quarter sessions are held here in. April and October; and petty sessions are held by rotation weekly at Mount-Nugent, Ballymachugh, and Ballyjamesduff. A new court-house is about to be erected in or near a new street at present in progress from the church square to Irishtown. A branch of the Bank of Ireland was opened here in 1836. Here is a chapel of ease to the parish of Rosenallis, a handsome edifice, lately repaired by a grant of £110 from the Ecclesiastical Commissioners, In the R. C. divisions this place is the head of the union or district of Mount-Mellick and Castlebrack, comprising parts of the parishes of Rosenallis, Castlebrack, and Coolbanagher, and containing the chapels of Mount-Mellick and Castlebrack: the former is a spacious structure. There are also in the town places of worship for the Society of Friends, and the Primitive and Wesleyan Methodists. A parochial school of the Leinster Society of Friends was established here in 1788; there are also a school in connection with the church, a national school, and a dispensary; and a Temperance Society has been formed. There is a chalybeate spring at Derryguile.

MOUNT-NORRIS, or PORT-NORRIS, a village, in the parish of LOUGHGILLY, barony of UPPER ORIOR, county of ARMAGH, and province of ULSTER, 5 miles (S. S. E.) from Markethill (to which it has a penny post), on the road to Newry: the population is returned with the parish. The village is situated at the southern extremity of a morass extending from Pointz-Pass, a distance of five miles, and at the foot of the Balleek mountains; it derives its name from an important fortress erected in the reign of Elizabeth by Gen. Norris to protect the pass between Armagh and Newry; and on the plantation of Ulster by James I. received a charter of incorporation and a grant of 300 acres of land. In the reign of Chas I. it was one of the strongest fortresses in this part of the kingdom. That monarch conveyed to Primate Ussher six townlands, comprising 1514 acres, for the purpose of founding a college here for the classical education of Protestants: this college was afterwards founded in Armagh, which was considered a more eligible situation: the income arising from these lands is £1377 per annum. The village contains 10 houses, mostly well built. Fairs are held on the second Monday in every month, for the sale of live stock, which are well attended.

MOUNT-NUGENT, or DALYSBRIDGE, a post-town, in the parish of KILBRIDE, barony of CLONMAHON, county of CAVAN, and province of ULSTER, 11 miles (S. S. E.) from Cavan, and 50 3/4 (N. W. by W.) from Dublin, on the road from Oldcastle to Granard; containing 171 inhabitants. It consists of 29 houses, the parish church, a R. C. chapel, and a school on Erasmus Smith's foundation. Petty sessions are held here every third Saturday; and there is a constabulary police station. Fairs are held on June 1st and Oct. 21st. It is near Lough Sheelin, which is very large, extending to Finae, in Westmeath, where it communicates with Lough Inny, through which its waters find their way to the Shannon: in this lake are several small islands, on one of which are the ruins of a church and castle. Contiguous to its shores, at Kilrogy, near Glan, is the seat of Mrs. Dallas; and on its northern side are several gentlemen's residences, among which are Arley, the beautiful cottage of Lord Farnham; and Fortland, the residence of T. Gorlin, Esq. On the opposite shore the ground is elevated and well planted; and the view of the whole, comprehending the ruins of Ross castle, is bounded by hills of considerable magnitude, among which the most remarkable is the Ben of Fore, above the village of that name, in the county of Westmeath. The lake covers 2000 Irish acres, being 8 Irish miles in length, and, in parts, 2 or 3 wide.

MOUNT-RATH, a market and post-town, in the parish of CLONENAGH, barony of MARYBOROUGH WEST, QUEEN'S county, and province of LEINSTER, 6 1/2 miles (W. S. W.) from Maryborough, on the road to Roscrea, and 47 1/4 (S. W.) from Dublin; containing 2593 inhabitants. This place, called also Moynrath, or the "fort in the bog," became, in the beginning of the 17th century, the property of Sir Charles Coote, who, although the surrounding country was then in a wild state and overspread with woods, laid the foundation of the present town. In 1628, Sir Charles obtained for the inhabitants a grant of two weekly markets and two fairs, and established a very extensive linen and fustian manufactory, which in the war of 1641, together with much of his other property here, was destroyed. His son Charles regained the castle and estate of Mountrath, with other large possessions, and at the Restoration was created Earl of Mountrath, which title, on the decease of Charles Henry, the seventh earl, in 1802, became extinct. The present possessor is Sir Charles Henry Coote, premier baronet of Ireland. The town, which in 1831 contained 429 houses, is neatly built, and has been the seat of successive manufactures; iron was made and wrought here till the neighbouring woods were consumed for fuel, and on its decline the cotton manufacture was established; an extensive factory for spinning and weaving cotton is carried on by Mr. Greenham, who employs 150 persons in the spinning-mills, and about 500 in weaving calicoes at their own houses; the average quantity manufactured is from 200 to 250 pieces weekly. Stuff-weaving is also carried on extensively; there is a large brewery and malting establishment, and an extensive oil-mill; and the inhabitants carry on a very considerable country trade. The market is on Saturday; the veal sold here is considered to be the best in the country; much corn and butter are also sold in it: the market house is a respectable building. There are fairs on Feb. 17th, May 8th, June 20th, Aug. 10th, Sept. 19th, and Nov. 6th. General sessions are held here in June and December under the new act, and petty sessions every Thursday. A new court-house and bridewell are about to be erected. The parish church, a handsome structure, is situated in the town: it was nearly rebuilt and considerably enlarged in 1832, by a grant from the late Board of First Fruits, and by subscription, and further alterations have been lately made by means of a grant from the Ecclesiastical Commissioners. Mount-Rath is the head of a R. C. union or district, comprising part of the parish of Clonenagh; there are two chapels, one in the town and the other at Clonad; the former a very large cruciform building. In Coote-street there is a monastery of the order of St. Patrick, in which are a superior and eight monks, who superintend a classical boarding-school, a school for the middling classes, and another in connection with the Board of National Education. There is also in the town a convent of the order of St. Bridget, consisting of a superioress, eleven professed nuns, and one lay sister; some of whom are engaged in the education of young ladies of the higher classes, and others in superintending a school for poor children in connection with the Board above-mentioned; the average number of pupils in the latter school is about 200. There are places of worship for the Society of Friends, and for Wesleyan and Primitive Methodists; and a dispensary is supported in the usual manner. The parochial school, situated in the town, is under the patronage of Sir Chas. H. Coote and Lady Coote, who entirely support it; the average number of pupils is 100 of both sexes: the building, which is large, was erected in 1820, at an expense of £500, defrayed partly by subscription, and partly by a donation of £230 from Sir Chas. Coote, who also gave an acre of ground for its site; it was enlarged in 1821, at an additional expense of £350, half of which was contributed by subscription, and the remainder from the Lord-Lieutenant's fund.

Ballyfinn House, the fine residence of Sir Chas. H. Coote, Bart., is situated in the centre of a demesne and pleasure grounds laid out with the greatest taste, on sloping grounds overlooking a noble lake, and nearly surrounded by densely planted hills: the entrance to the mansion is by a portico of the Ionic order: the interior is fitted up in the most costly style and has a fine collection of paintings, statues, and busts, and a large and well selected library; the pavement of the great hall was brought from Rome. The saloon and ball-room are splendid apartments; many of the articles of furniture of each were executed for Geo. IV., when Prince of Wales, and purchased by the present possessor. The other principal seats in the vicinity are Forest, the residence of J. Hawkesworth, Esq.; Anne Grove Abbey, of J. E. Scott, Esq.; Springmount, of Mrs. Bourne; Donore, of W. Despard, Esq.; Scotch-rath, of R. White, Esq.; Roundwood, of W. Hamilton, Esq.; Newpark, of Jas. Smith, Esq., M.D., formerly the residence of the late Earl of Mountrath; West-field Farm, of J. Price, Esq.; Laca, of John Pim, Esq.; Castletown, of Edw. Palmer, Esq.; and Killeny, of Edw. Maher, Esq.

MOUNTSEA. -- See MONSEA.

MOUNT-SHANNON, a village, in that part of the parish of INNISCALTHRA which is in the barony of LEITRIM, county of GALWAY, and province of CONNAUGHT, 7 3/4 miles (N. by W.) from Killaloe, on the road from Woodford to Limerick; containing .171 inhabitants. This place is beautifully situated on Lough Deirgeart, on the confines of the county and province. Here and at Knockafort are piers, where vessels of 20 tons' burden can load and unload. It is a constabulary police station; and petty sessions are held here. There is a market-house; fairs are held on the 28th of Feb., May, Aug., and Nov.; and a patent exists for a monthly fair, which is not held. It contains the parish church, and a R. C. chapel, erected in 1836. -- See INNISCALTHRA.

MOUNT-TALBOT, a post-town, in the parish of TESSARAGH, barony of ATHLONE, county of ROSCOMMON, and province of CONNAUGHT, 65 miles (S. S. W.) from Roscommon, and 81 1/2 (W. by N.) from Dublin: the population is returned with the parish. It derives its name from the contiguous mansion of Mount Talbot, the seat of Wm. Talbot, Esq., which, some years since, was enlarged and castellated, and now presents a fine front, having massive square towers, and an arcade extending from one side: it is situated amidst rich woods on an elevated bank above the river Suck. The village extends down the neighbouring slope to a bridge of twelve arches, across a water way of about 80 yards, and on the opposite side are some houses of a better description. It is a station of the constabulary police; and has a sub-post-office to Roscommon. Fairs are held on May 8th, June 14th, Nov. 1st, and Dec. 21st.; and petty sessions are also held here. An equitable loan fund was established here, in 1834, with a capital of £400, for the benefit of the industrious poor.

MOURNE, or MOURNE ABBEY, also called BALLINAMONA, a parish, partly in the barony of FERMOY, partly in that of EAST MUSKERRY, but chiefly in that of BARRETTS, county of CORK, and province of MUNSTER, 3 3/4 miles (S.) from Mallow, on the mail road to Cork; containing 4148 inhabitants. It was anciently called Temple-Michael, from a preceptory of the Knights Templars, founded here in the reign of King John, by an Englishman named Alexander de St. Helena, which, on the suppression of that order in Ireland, in 1307, was granted to the Knights of St. John of Jerusalem, commonly called the Knights Hospitallers; and on the general dissolution of religious houses, its possessions were granted to Cormac McTeige McCarthy. His descendants, who retained these possessions until they were forfeited in the civil war of 1641, were styled "The Masters of Mourne." In 1571, a sanguinary battle was fought here between the forces of James, Earl of Ormonde, and those of Cormac Oge McCartie, in which the former were defeated with the loss of above 1000 men; and John and Gerald, two brothers of the Earl, were taken prisoners. By an inquisition taken at Cork in 1584, it appears that this place was an ancient corporate and walled town, destroyed in the reign of Edw. IV. by Murrough O'Brien, who appeared in arms against the government, and destroyed several towns in Munster. The parish, which is bounded on the west by the river Clydagh, in its course to the Blackwater, comprises 11,061 statute acres, as applotted under the tithe act, and valued at £10,675. 7. 4. per annum, of which about 4000 acres are arable, about 3500 pasture, and the remainder, with the exception of about 75 acres of woodland, consists of mountain and waste, a large portion of which is reclaimable: the state of agriculture is gradually improving. Slate of a rough quality is found at Carrigduff, and was formerly worked to some extent. Fairs are held at Ballinamona on Whit-Monday, Aug. 21st, and Dec. 5th, for cattle and pigs. At Quartertown are two extensive flour-mills, worked by the river Clydagh. The northern part of the parish, containing the townlands of Gortnagrague and Quartertown, is within the jurisdiction of the manorial court of Mallow, held every three weeks by the seneschal of C. D. O. Jephson, Esq., lord of the manor. The seats are Quartertown, the residence of J. D. Croker, Esq.; Harrietville, of the Rev. J. Lombard, commanding a picturesque view of the town of Mallow, and Rockvale House, the recently erected mansion of S. G. Beamish, Esq. The late Lord Muskerry built a splendid mansion in the vicinity, on which he is said to have expended upwards of £30,000; but before it was inhabited, it was taken down, and the materials sold: the foundations still remain. The living is a rectory and vicarage, in the diocese of Cloyne, and in the patronage of the Crown. The tithes amount to £553. 16. 11.: there is a glebe of 5 1/2 acres near the town of Castle-Lyons, 14 miles distant. The church, situated at Ballinamona, is a small plain building, with a square tower: it has lately undergone a temporary repair, but has been condemned by the provincial architect, and will probably soon be rebuilt. In the R. C. divisions the greater part of the parish forms the head of the union or district of Ballinamona, comprising also the parish of Grenagh and part of Rahan, and containing the chapels of Burnfort, Monaparson, and Grenagh: the remainder is included in the Mallow district. It is in contemplation to erect a new chapel at Ballinamona. The parochial school, of about 50 children, is partly supported by the rector, under whose superintendence a Sunday school is also held; and there is a private school of about 60 children. The extensive, but now uninteresting ruins of Mourne Abbey, stand between the old and new roads from Cork to Mallow; they appear to have been surrounded by a high walled enclosure, the angles of which were defended by strong bastions. The skeleton of the church, said to have been 180 feet long, still remains, but destitute of the mouldings and other ornamental parts of the masonry. On the summit of a ridge on the opposite side of the Clydagh, which here separates the baronies of Muskerry and Barretts, is Castlemore, an ancient ruined structure of gloomy appearance, with a tower attached: it was built by the Barretts, and long continued the chief residence of the head of that family. In a sequestered valley in the southern part of the parish are the picturesque ruins of the ancient church of Kilquane. On removing the foundations of the old church at Ballinamona, for the erection of the present one, a large spur and an ancient spear were discovered. At Quartertown is a mineral spring.

MOVIDDY, a parish, in the barony of EAST MUSKERRY, county of CORK, and province of MUNSTER, 16 miles (W. S. W.) from Cork, on the road from Macroom to Bandon; containing, with the post-town of Crookstown, 2718 inhabitants. This parish, which is intersected by the river Bride, comprises 6045 statute acres, as applotted under the tithe act, and valued at £4875 per annum: the principal part of the land is under tillage, producing, under a greatly improved system of agriculture, good crops; on the meadow land irrigation is extensively practised: there is very little waste land or bog, and the marshy lands are being drained and brought into cultivation. The surface undulates considerably, in some places rising into hills, the highest of which is Knockanernoe; they are of the schistose formation, and immediately beneath them, to the north, commences the limestone formation, which extends eastward to Blackrock. Not far from the church are quarries of coarse freestone. Here is a large flour-mill, built by T. Herrick, Esq., which has greatly promoted the growth of wheat. A manor court is held every third Thursday, for the recovery of debts under 40s. and petty sessions at Shandangan on alternate Wednesdays. Fairs are held at Crookstown on Jan. 11th, May 14th, Aug. 26th, and Nov. 17th, chiefly for the sale of cattle, sheep, pigs, &c. There are several large handsome houses in the parish, of which Bellmount is the residence of T. Herrick, Esq. ;Rye Court, of J. Tonson Rye, Esq.; Crookstown House, of the Rev. R. Warren; Warren's Grove, of J. B. Warren, Esq.; Kilcondy, of W. Davies, Esq., M.D.; and the Glebe-house, of the Rev. Hume Babington, M. A. The plantations around Rye Court are very extensive and beautiful; the woods contain some of the finest oak in the county, and the scenery is embellished with the beautiful and romantic ruins of Castlemore, built by the Mac Sweenys in the 15th century; it passed by marriage to the McCartys, and Phelim Mac Owen having joined in the civil war of 1641, the castle and property became forfeited to the Crown: it now constitutes one of the most picturesque ruins in the county. The living is a rectory and vicarage, in the diocese of Cork, and in the patronage of the Bishop: the tithes amount to £507. 13. 10.; there is a glebe of 10 acres, on which stands the glebe-house. The church is a small, but very neat, edifice, in the early English style, for the repairs of which the Ecclesiastical Commissioners have recently granted £224. In the R. C. divisions the parish forms part of the union or district of Kilmurry: a neat chapel was built at Clonduff, in 1820. About 80 children are educated in three public schools, of which the parochial schools are principally supported by the rector; a sewing-school, built by Mrs. Rye, is supported by her and other ladies; the other is a national school in the chapel-yard.

MOVILLE, a market and post-town, in the parish of LOWER MOVILLE, barony of ENNISHOWEN, county of DONEGAL, and province of ULSTER, 16 miles (N.) from Londonderry; the population is returned with the parish. This town, which was formerly called Bonafobble, is neat and flourishing, having of late rapidly grown into importance from its being resorted to as a fashionable bathing-place. It is pleasantly situated on the western shore of Lough Foyle, and consists of a square and three principal streets, with numerous elegant detached villas and bathing lodges in the immediate vicinity, chiefly near the shore. During the summer season, steam-boats arrive daily from Derry, Portrush, and other places, and for their accommodation two wooden piers projecting into deep water have been constructed, which they can approach at all times of the tide. A market on Thursday has been recently established, and is well supplied with general provisions, fish, and fowl; and fairs are held on the 28th of Jan., April, July, and Oct., for cattle, sheep and pigs. Petty sessions for the Moville district are held every fourth Tuesday, and a constabulary and a revenue police force, and a coast-guard are stationed here. Here is a national school; also a school for females, chiefly supported by subscription. The town is favourably situated, being sheltered from the north and westerly winds by the lofty mountains of Ennishowen, and commanding on the south a fine view of the fertile tracts of Myroe and the Faughan vale, backed by the noble mountains of Benbradagh and Benyevenagh, in the county of Londonderry. To the east is the splendid palace of the late Earl of Bristol, Bishop of Derry, with its temples and mausoleum; and beyond are numerous headlands, extending to the cape of Bengore. Among the principal residences in the vicinity are Moville Lodge, that of H. Lyle, Esq.; Gortgowan, of the Rev. Chas. Galway; Ballybrack House, of G. H. Boggs, Esq.; and Drumawier House, of John Grierson, Esq.: the others are noticed in the account of Upper Moville.

MOVILLE (LOWER), a parish, in the barony of ENNISHOWEN, county of DONEGAL, and province of ULSTER, 17 miles (N. N. E.) from Londonderry; containing 5785 inhabitants. This parish is situated on the western shore of Lough Foyle, and bounded on the north by the Atlantic ocean; it comprises, according to the Ordnance survey, including a detached portion, 15,9503 statute acres. Prior to 1788 it formed part of the parish of Moville (anciently called Mobhuile), when it was separated from the southern or upper division of the old parish. The land is in general of inferior quality, and a large portion of the parish consists of rocky barren mountain, from which circumstance, and that of the population being partly employed in fishing, agriculture is in a backward state; but in the neighbourhood of Moville the land has been brought into a good state of cultivation and well planted, and is embellished with several handsome residences, which, together with the principal features of the scenery, are noticed in the article on that town; and to the west of Greencastle a slope of cultivated land ascends towards the neighbouring mountains. The coast of this parish extends from the town of Moville to Glenagivney, including the headlands of Shrove and Ennishowen; nearly the whole line consists of rocky cliffs of a bold and romantic character, and between Shrove Point and the point of Magilligan, on the opposite coast of Londonderry, is the entrance to Lough Foyle, a capacious harbour, where the largest ships may ride in safety in all kinds of weather. Two light-houses are now in course of erection at Shrove Head by the Ballast Board, in consequence of the numerous shipwrecks that have taken place on the sand banks called "the Tons," near the entrance of the lough. Close on the shore of Lough Foyle, and nearly adjoining the church, are the magnificent ruins of Greencastle, built by Sir Caher O'Dogherty in the 15th century: it stands on a boldly prominent rock near the entrance of the lough, and, from the great strength and extent of the building, which covers the whole surface of the rock (100 yards long and 56 broad), flanked by octagonal and square towers, inaccessible from the sea, and strongly fortified towards the land, was rendered almost impregnable; it was, notwithstanding, said to have been the first castle abandoned by O'Dogherty, and seized upon by the English, and was afterwards granted to Sir Arthur Chichester. The walls are in some places twelve feet thick, and several of them are still in a good state of preservation; the eastern portion of one of the towers has fallen and lies in an unbroken mass on the ground. The eligibility of this situation in commanding the entrance to Lough Foyle induced the Government, on the apprehension of an invasion, to erect a fortress, nearly adjoining the castle, consisting of a tower, battery and magazine, with accommodation for 4 officers and 42 men, and, together with another battery on the opposite side of the harbour, mounting 26 guns: the establishment now consists only of a master gunner and five artillerymen. A court for the manor of Greencastle is held monthly, for the recovery of debts under 40s. late currency. Here are stations of the constabulary and revenue police, and of the tide-waiters and pilots of the port of Londonderry; and at Greencastle and Portkennigo are stations of the coast-guard, included in the district of Carn. The living is a rectory, in the diocese of Derry, and in the patronage of the Bishop: the tithes amount to £553. 17. per annum. The church is a small but neat edifice, built in 1782, in the early English style, with a tower at the east front; it stands on a rocky eminence near the shore of Lough Foyle. In the R. C. divisions the parish is united with Upper Moville; there are chapels at Ballybrack and Ballynacree. Near the church is the parochial school, chiefly supported by the rector; at Moville is a female school; and at Glenagivney, Moville, and Gallaghdaff are national schools; in these collectively about 260 children are instructed: there are also two private schools, in which are about 80 children; and three Sunday schools. Near Greencastle are some extensive ruins, called Capel Moule, having the appearance of a military edifice, and supposed to have formerly belonged to the Knights Templars; and on a detached rock, about a mile distant, are the ruins of Kilblaney church: previously to 1620 Kilblaney formed a separate parish. Near Ennishowen Head is an extensive natural cave, often visited in the summer season.

MOVILLE (UPPER), a parish, in the barony of ENNISHOWEN, county of DONEGAL, and province of ULSTER, 15 miles (N. N. E.) from Londonderry, on the road to Greencastle; containing 4902 inhabitants. St. Patrick founded a monastery here, called Maghbhile and Domnachbhile, over which he placed AEngusius, the son of Olild; it soon became celebrated for its wealth, and notices of its abbots occur from the year 590 to 953, among whom was the celebrated St. Finian. The remains are called Cooley, meaning "the City," probably from a large number of persons having settled around this famous pile, which appears, from what is left of the western and southern walls, to have been a very extensive edifice. For some time before the reformation it was used as the parish church, and so continued until destroyed during the civil war of 1688. In the adjoining cemetery is a very ancient tomb, said to be that of St. Finian; and outside the walls stands a very lofty and handsome stone cross, hewn out of one block, and in good preservation. These ruins occupy a gentle eminence, near the shores of Lough Foyle, commanding a full view of the Atlantic. The parish, which is situated on the western shore of Lough Foyle, comprises, according to the Ordnance survey, 19,081 3/4 statute acres: one-half is mountainous, and the remainder consists of good and middling arable land with detached pieces of bog scattered all over the parish. The land is generally light, and everywhere encumbered by rocks, heath, and whins; the greater portion of the rocks are clay-slate. Near Whitecastle is excellent sandstone, and there are strong indications of coal, near which is a curious and extraordinary whin dyke. Here the system of rundale is still kept up, and the land, being divided into very small holdings, is much neglected, nearly all the population being employed in the weaving of linen cloth and fishing, combined with agricultural pursuits: the produce of the land is chiefly corn and flax, wheat having only been grown since 1830, but it is found to answer very well. The parish is within the jurisdiction of the manor court held at Greencastle. The principal seats are Red Castle, the residence of Atkinson Wray, Esq.; White Castle, of L. Carey, Esq.; Foyle View, of R. Lepper, Esq.; Greenbank, of J. Robinson, Esq.; Ballylawn, of S. Carmichael, Esq.; Beech Cottage, of the Rev. A. Clements; and the Glebe-house, of the Rev. J. Moles-worth Staples. The living is a rectory, in the diocese of Derry, forming the corps of the prebend thereof, in the patronage of the Bishop; the tithes amount to £555. The glebe-house was built in 1775, at a cost of £590, by the then incumbent; the glebe comprises 74 Cunningham acres, valued at £66. 12. 0 per annum. The church is an ancient, small, and inconvenient edifice, oil the shore of the lough; it was built by the Carey family, in 1741, as a private chapel, and afterwards became a chapel of ease, and eventually the parish church; but, being much too small, a larger is about to be erected. In the R. C. divisions this parish and Lower Moville form the union or district; there is a chapel at Drung. Near Castle Carey is a very neat meeting-house for Presbyterians in connection with the Synod of Ulster. About 400 children are educated in seven public schools, of which the parochial school at Ballylawn is being rebuilt; it is partly supported by the rector, and with five other schools, is in connection with the National Board; the school-house of one of the latter, at Terryroan, was erected by the Earl of Caledon, and the rector contributes £5 per ann. for its support. There are also four Sunday schools. Not far from Drung are eight upright stones, near which are several lying down, the remains of an ancient cromlech. Part of a fosse and some terraces and remains of former mansions are to be traced near Red and White castles, and at Castle Carey.

MOWNEY, or MOONY, a parish, in the barony of SLIEVARDAGH, county of TIPPERARY, and province of MUNSTER, 4 miles (E. by S.) from Killenaule; containing 400 inhabitants. This parish comprises 1522 statute acres, as applotted under the tithe act, and valued at £1576 per annum. It is a rectory and vicarage, in the diocese of Cashel, forming part of the union of Lismalin and the corps of the archdeaconry of Cashel; the tithes amount to £92. 6. 2.

MOY, a market and post-town, and an ecclesiastical district, partly in the barony of ONEILLAND WEST, county of ARMAGH, but chiefly in that of DUNGANNON, county of TYRONE, and province of ULSTER, 5 1/4 miles (N.) from Armagh, and 71 1/4 (N. by W.) from Dublin, on the mail coach road from Armagh to Dungannon; containing 6646 inhabitants, of which number, 902 are in the town. This place, commanding the chief pass of the river Blackwater, was a post of considerable importance during the wars in the reign of Elizabeth, and its intimate connection with Charlemont rendered it in succeeding reigns a station of much interest to the contending parties. The town is situated on the western bank of the Blackwater, over which is a bridge connecting it with the ancient borough of Charlemont; it consists principally of a square, or market-place, and one steep street, containing 172 houses, several of which are neatly built, and most are of modern character. A considerable trade in corn, timber, coal, slate, iron, and salt is carried on by means of the river Blackwater, which is navigable for vessels of 100 tons' burden; and there are extensive bleach-greens near the town, where great quantities of linen are annually finished for the English market. The weaving of linen is also carried on to some extent, and there are several small potteries for earthenware of the coarser kind; but the inhabitants are chiefly employed in the trade of the river, and in agriculture. The Ulster canal, now in progress, passes through the parish and falls into the Blackwater a little below the town. The market, which has been recently established, is on Friday, and is well supplied with grain and provisions of all kinds; and fairs for live stock are held on the first Friday in every month, and are numerously attended, especially by horse-dealers. A very commodious market-house and a spacious market-place have been constructed by the Earl of Charlemont, who is the proprietor of the town. A constabulary police force has been stationed here; petty sessions are held on alternate Mondays; and a court for the manor of Charlemont and Moy, which has extensive jurisdiction in the counties of Armagh and Tyrone, is held occasionally by the seneschal.

The district parish was constituted in 1819, by separating 33 townlands from the parish of Clonfeacle, of which 27 are in the county of Tyrone, and 6 in the county of Armagh. The land, though of a light and gravelly nature, is productive under a good system of agriculture. Limestone is found in abundance and quarried for manure; sandstone, basalt and whinstone are found here alternating; ami there are indications of coal in several places. In the vicinity of Grange fossil fish have been found in red sandstone, a fine specimen of one of which has been deposited in the museum of the Geological Society, London. The lands westward of the Blackwater are extremely fertile. There are several handsome seats, of which the principal are Argory, the residence of W. McGeough Bond, Esq.; the Grange, of Miss Thompson; and Grange Park, of II. H. Handcock, Esq. The living is a perpetual curacy, in the diocese of Armagh, and in the patronage of the Rector of Clonfeacle; the stipend is £100 per ann., of which £75 is paid by the rector, and £25 from Primate Boulter's augmentation fund. The glebe-house, towards which the late Board of First Fruits contributed a gift of £450 and a loan of £50, was built in 1820; and there are about 2 roods of glebe. The church, a small neat edifice in the early English style, with a square tower, was built in 1819, at an expense of £1569, of which £900 was a gift and £500 a loan from the same Board. In the R. C. divisions the parish forms part of the union of Clonfeacle; the chapel is a large and handsome edifice, recently erected. There are places of worship for the Society of Friends, Independents, and Wesleyan Methodists. About 300 children are taught in eight public schools, of which an infants' and a female school at Roxborough House are wholly sup ported by Lady Charlemont; an infants' and a female school at Argory were built and are supported by Mrs. McGeough Bond; a school for girls at Grange by Miss Thompson, and two at Goretown and Drummond by funds bequeathed by the late Lord Powerscourt.

MOYACOMB, or CLONEGAL, a parish, partly in the barony of SHILLELAGH, county of WICKLOW, partly in that of SCARAWALSH, county of WEXFORD, but chiefly in that of ST. MULLINS, county of CARLOW, and province of LEINSTER, on the road from Tullow to Newtownbarry, and on the river Derry; containing with the post-town of Clonegal and the village of Johnstown, (both separately described) 4877 inhabitants. It comprises 28,204 statute acres, as applotted under the tithe act, of which 9347 1/2 are in Wicklow, 9287 1/2 in Wexford, and 9569 in Carlow. The portion in the county of Wexford includes the estate of Abbeydown, containing 452 plantation acres, which has been tithe-free from time immemorial, and is considered extra-parochial. The soil is varied, and there are some patches of bog: the state of agriculture is gradually improving. A slate quarry has been lately opened on Gibbet hill, near Johnstown. Several fairs held at Clonegal are mentioned under that head; it is also a station of the constabulary police, and contains an old castellated mansion of the Esmonde family. The living is a rectory, in the diocese of Ferns, and in the patronage of the La Touche family: the tithes amount to £850. The church, in the town of Clonegal, is a good modern building, erected in 1819, for which the late Board of First Fruits granted a loan of £1300; and the Ecclesiastical Commissioners have recently granted £186 for its repair. In the R. C. divisions the parish is chiefly in the diocese of Kildare and Leighlin, and, together with the parish of Barragh, constitutes the union or district of Clonegal, containing the chapels of Clonegal and Kildavin; the remainder of the parish is in the diocese of Dublin, forming part of the union or district of Arklow, and containing the chapel of Bally-fad, near Johnstown. There is a meeting-house for Methodists at Clonegal. In the parochial school, supported by the rector, and in the national school at Clonegal, about 210 children are educated; and there are about 30 children in a private school. At Abbeydown are the remains of an ancient religious house, of which no account is extant.

MOYAGHER, a parish, in the barony of LUNE, county of MEATH, and province of LEINSTER, 3 miles (N. E.) from Athboy, on the road from Mullingar and Athlone to Drogheda; containing 565 inhabitants, and comprising 1362 1/4 statute acres. It is a rectory, in the diocese of Meath, forming part of the union of Athboy; the tithes are included in the composition for Rathmore. In the R. C. divisions it forms part of the unions of Athboy and Ardbraccan. There is a school under the patronage of Earl Darnley, Gen. Bligh, and others; the school-house is a neat building, in which about 220 children are taught.

MOYALIFFE, or MEALIFFE, a parish, in the barony of KILNEMANAGH, county of TIPPERARY, and province of MUNSTER, 6 miles (S. W.) from Thurles, on the new road to Newport; containing 2928 inhabitants. It is also intersected by the new road now in progress from Templemore to Tipperary, and by the rivers Clodagh and Owbeg, which unite near the glebe-house; it comprises 7949 statute acres, as applotted under the tithe act, and valued at £6336 per ann., of which about 140 acres are roads and waste, and the remainder profitable land; limestone and gritstone abound, and there is some mountain bog. It is a station of the constabulary police. The seats are Mealiffe House, the residence of the Rev. Wm. Armstrong; Ballyneira, of Rich. Pennefather, Esq.; and Farney Castle, of Capt. Armstrong. Roskeen, the property of G. Ryan, Esq., is now occupied by a tenant. The living is a rectory and vicarage, in the diocese of Cashel, and in the patronage of the Archbishop: the tithes amount to £300, and there is a glebe of 40 acres. The glebe-house was erected by aid of a gift of £100 from the late Board of First Fruits. The church is a plain structure, towards the erection of which the same Board contributed £300, in 1790. In the R. C. divisions the parish forms part of the union or district of Upperchurch, or Templeoutragh; the chapel is a modern edifice, situated at Drumbane. A school on the foundation of Erasmus Smith was established here, for which a house, with apartments for the master, was erected at an expense of £200 by the Rev. Mr. Armstrong, a former rector (who also gave 2 acres of land), and for its support the trustees allow £20 per ann., but it is not at present attended; a small parochial school is entirely supported and superintended by the rector; and there are five private schools, in which are about 440 children; and a Sunday school. There are some remains of an old church, and the ruins of the castles of Mealiffe and Drumbane; and adjoining Capt. Armstrong's residence are those of the old castle from which it is named. The last is of a circular form, supposed to have been erected in the 13th century, and during the civil war to have been in the possession of Cromwell's troops, by whom an attempt appears to have been made to blow it up.

MOYALLON, a village, in the parish of TULLYLISH, barony of LOWER IVEAGH, county of DOWN, and province of ULSTER, 1 mile from Gilford, on the road from Banbridge to Portadown: the population is returned with the parish. It is situated in one of the best-cultivated and most beautiful districts in the county, and appears to have originated in the settlement of a colony of the Society of Friends, about 1698. Among these was Mr. Thos. Christy, who, about 1710, commenced the bleaching of linen on the river Bann, which flows through the vale of Moyallon; he appears to have established a bleach-green here prior to the institution of the Linen Board in Dublin; the Moyallon linens obtained a celebrity above those of other districts. The bleach-green is capable of finishing 15,000 pieces of linen annually 5 and in the vicinity is a chymical laboratory for preparing bleaching acids. The meeting-house of the Society of Friends, erected about 1723, is a small but neat edifice: there is also a meeting-house for the Wesleyan Methodists. The school was established in 1788, and was supported by the Society of Friends, until 1832, since which period it has been aided by an annual donation from the National Board: about 140 children are here educated and partially clothed. Of the numerous seats in the vicinity, the principal are Moyallon, the residence of Thos. Christy Wakefield, Esq.; and Moyallon House, of T. C. Wakefield, Jun., Esq., embosomed in plantations, and commanding picturesque views of the adjoining county of Armagh. On the elevated grounds of Ballynacarrick are traces of the extraordinary remnant of antiquity called the "Danes Cast".

MOYANNA, a parish, in the barony of STRADBALLY, QUEEN'S county, and province of LEINSTER, 1 mile (N.) from Stradbally, on the road to Monastereven; containing 1659 inhabitants. This parish comprises 5697 statute acres, of which 65 are woodland. The state of agriculture has improved greatly, the progress of which is much promoted by the quantities of excellent limestone here: and its vicinity to the southern branch of the Grand Canal affords great facility for disposing of the produce. James Grattan, Esq., M. P., who has a pretty shooting-lodge here, has erected a handsome bridge over the Barrow at Dunrally fort. A party of the constabulary police is stationed at Vicars-town. It is a rectory and vicarage, in the diocese of Leighlin: the rectory is impropriate in the Provost and Fellows of Trinity College, Dublin, and the vicarage forms part of the union of Stradbally. The tithes amount to £417. 8. 4., of which two-thirds are payable to the impropriators and the remainder to the vicar. In the R. C. divisions also it forms part of the union or district of Stradbally: it is in contemplation to build a chapel at the village of Vicarstown. In the National school at Moyanna, and a school at Vicarstown, supported by Mrs. Grattan, about 200 children are educated. The church is in ruins.

MOYARTA, or MOYFERTA, a parish, in the barony of MOYARTA, county of CLARE, and province of MUNSTER, 9 miles (S. W.) from Kilrush, on the western coast; containing 7441 inhabitants. It forms part of a peninsula bounded on the north-west by the Atlantic, and on the south-east by the river Shannon, and comprises 7967 statute acres, as rated for the county cess, the greater part of which is under tillage; sea-weed and sand are extensively used for manure, and the state of agriculture is gradually improving: loose limestone is found in the cliffs on that part of the coast called the White Strand. Within the limits of the parish are the bay of Carrigaholt (noticed in the article on that place), the creek of Querin, and part of an inlet called Scagh or Poulanishery, all on the Shannon side of the peninsula. Querin creek produces fine shrimps and flat fish, and affords a safe harbour for boats that fit out here for the herring fishery. The inlet of Poulanishery, which extends three miles inland in two different directions, also affords safe anchorage for small vessels: a vast quantity of turf is annually sent hence to Limerick and other places, and at its mouth is a ferry, communicating between Kilrush parish and "the West", as this peninsula is generally called. To distinguish by night the proper course on entering the Shannon, a light has been established on the summit of Kilkadrane Hill, red seaward, with a bright fixed light towards the river. At Kilkadrane is a station of the coast-guard, being one of the six constituting the district of Miltown-Malbay. At Querin is the residence of Lieut. Borough, R. N., a curious building in the old Dutch style, with a long projecting roof, which, together with the bricks, is said to have been made in Holland for Mr. Vanhoogart, who built the house; at Dunaha is the ancient residence of the Moroney family; and at Mount Pleasant is the residence of Joseph Cox, Esq. The parish is in the diocese of Killaloe; part of the rectory is impropriate in the Representatives of Lord Castlecoote, and the remainder forms part of the corps of the prebend of Inniscattery; the vicarage forms part of the union of Kilrush. The tithes amount to £470. 15. 4 3/4., of which £208. 18. 5 3/4 is payable to the impropriator, and the remainder to the incumbent, as prebendary and vicar. In the R. C. divisions it forms part of the union or . district of Dunaha, also called Carrigaholt, comprising the parishes of Moyarta and Kilballyhone, and containing the chapels of Dunaha, Carrigaholt, and Cross: that of Carrigaholt is a modern edifice. At Clarefield is a school, established by, and under the patronage of, Joseph Cox, Esq., aided by subscription. The ruins of the old church still remain, and the burial-ground contains some tombstones inscribed with the celebrated French name Conti, some of whom are supposed to have been visitors of the Clare family, at the neighbouring castle of Carrigaholt. On a small spot containing about an acre of land, nearly insulated by the Atlantic, are the remains of Dunlicky Castle, the approach to which is guarded by a high and narrow tower with a wall on each side; at Knocknagarron are the remains of an old signal tower, or telegraph; and at Carrigaholt are those of the castle called Carrick-an-oultagh, or "the Ulsterman's rock," said to have been built by a native of the county of Down, and once the residence of the ancient family of Mac Mahon. -- See CARRIGAHOLT.

MOYBOLOGUE. -- See BAILIEBOROUGH.

MOYCARKEY, a parish, in the barony of ELIOGARTY, county of TIPPERARY, and province of MUNSTER, 3 miles (S.) from Thurles, on the mail road from Dublin (by way of Cashel) to Cork; containing 1373 inhabitants. This parish, which is partly bounded by the river Suir, comprises 3554 statute acres, as applotted under the tithe act, of which about one-fifth is pasture, nearly the same proportion waste and bog, and the remainder arable land. Turtulla, the property of Valentine Maher, Esq., and now the residence of John B. O'Brien, Esq., is pleasantly situated in a well-planted demesne on the river Suir: there is a flour-mill on the estate. The other seats are Maxfort, the residence of Wm. Max, Esq.; Cabrae Castle, of P. Fogarty, Esq.; and Moycarkey Castle, the property of Viscount Hawarden, now in the occupation of Mr. Wm. Foley. It is a rectory and vicarage, in the diocese of Cashel, forming part of the union of Clogher, and of the corps of the chancellorship of Cashel, in the patronage of the Archbishop: the tithes amount to £200. In the R. C. divisions it is the head of a union or district, comprising also the parish of Borrisleigh, forming part of the R. C. archbishop's mensal. In each parish is a chapel; that of Moycarkey is a modern structure, situated near the ruins of the old church, of which there are considerable remains. About 210 children are educated in two private schools. The ancient castle of Moycarkey, formerly the residence of the Cantwell family, consists of a large square tower, surrounded by a considerable area, which is enclosed by a strong high wall having small towers at the east and west angles; it was struck by lightning nearly half a century since, when a large breach was made in the great tower, and also in the eastern wall.

MOYCULLEN, a parish, in the barony of MOY-CULLEN, county of GALWAY, and province of CONNAUGHT, 4 miles (N. W.) from Galway, on the road to Oughterard; containing 5965 inhabitants. This parish is bounded on the east by Lough Corrib, and comprises 27,294 statute acres, as applotted under the tithe act. The land is of very indifferent quality; and there is a large quantity of reclaimable waste and bog. In the village, which has a penny post to Galway, petty sessions are held on alternate Tuesdays; and fairs on Feb. 1st, May 28th, Sept. 2nd, and Dec. 8th. The principal seats are Curcullen, that of M. P Browne, Esq.; Danesfield, of P. M. Burke, Esq.; Drimcong, of J. Kilkelly, Esq.; and Knockbane, of A. O'Flaherty, Esq.

The living is a rectory and perpetual cure, in the diocese of Tuam; the rectory forms part of the wardenship of Galway, and the perpetual curacy forms part of the union of Kilcummin. The tithes amount to £133. 6. 8., of which £100 is payable to the warden of Galway, and £33. 6. 8. to the perpetual curate. In the R. C. divisions the parish is in the diocese of Galway, forming part of the union or district of Spiddal, and partly a district in itself: the chapel is a neat building. The late Rev. Francis Blake, P.P., left £500 for erecting a school-house, to which the Board of National Education added £200; a very good building has been erected, in which about 500 children are educated. Another school-house has been recently erected at the other end of this extensive parish, under the auspices of A. O'Flaherty, Esq. There is a private school, in which are about 60 children. A fine Danish fort at Danesfield gives name to the estate on which it stands: and there are ruins of two old castles, which have obtained celebrity from being selected by Lady Morgan as the scene of one of her novels: they may be seen from a great distance. Roderic O'Flaherty, a learned Irish historian and antiquary, was born here in 1630.

MOYDOW, a parish, in the barony of MOYDOW, county of LONGFORD, and province of LEINSTER, 3 1/4 miles (S.) from Longford, on the road to Athlone; containing 1766 inhabitants. Here is supposed to have been the abbey of Kilmhodain, of which St. Modan or Moduid "the Simple," who was bishop of Carnfurbuidhe, was abbot in 591. The parish comprises 4577 1/2 statute acres, of which about 203 are bog: the land is in general good, and the state of agriculture improving. A peculiar kind of stone, called pudding-stone, is found on the isolated mountain of Slieve Gouldry, on the southern confines of the parish; and there is a quarry of freestone, which is worked for flags. Road sessions are occasionally held here for the district; and there is a station of the constabulary police. The scats are Mount Jessop, the residence of F. Jessop, Esq., pleasantly situated on a small river which flows through the demesne, and which, having been widened, adds much to the beauty of the scenery; Townend, of Jeffrey Keating Power, Esq.; Castleray, of Mrs. Bole; Bawn House, the property of -- Fox, Esq., now the residence of Arthur A. Griffith, Esq.; and the glebe-house, of the Rev. W. C. Armstrong, to which a fine demesne is attached. It is a rectory and vicarage, in the diocese of Ardagh; the rectory is partly impropriate in Messrs. Ponsonby and Palliser, and partly with the vicarage episcopally united to the rectory and vicarage of Teighshynod, in the patronage of the Bishop. The tithes amount to £193. 13. 1., of which £2. 14. 10. is payable to the impropriators, and the remainder to the vicar. The glebe comprises 58 1/2 acres, valued at £117. 2. 6. per annum, and there is also a glebe in the parish of Teighshynod: the gross value of the benefice, tithe and glebes inclusive, is £533. 12. per annum. The glebe-house was built in 1830, at an expense of £840 Irish, of which £600 was a loan, and £200 a gift, from the late Board of First Fruits. The church is a small plain building without a tower, erected about 80 years since, and was repaired in 1831, by aid of a loan of £50 from the same Board. In the R. C. divisions the parish forms part of the union of Ardagh, and has a chapel at Moydow. In the parochial school, partly supported by the incumbent, and partly by the Ardagh Association, about 70 children are educated; and there are three private schools, in which are about 150 children. At the base of Slieve Gouldry are the remains of an ancient castle, formerly belonging to the O'Ferralls. There is a chalybeate spring, but not much used for medicinal purposes.

MOYGLARE, a parish, in the barony of UPPER DEECE, county of MEATH, and province of LEINSTER, 2 1/4 miles (E.) from Kilcock, on the road to Dunboyne; containing 417 inhabitants. It comprises 4409 statute acres of good land, chiefly in pasture; and contains Moyglare, the seat of Chas. Cannon, Esq., a handsome mansion, situated in an extensive and well-planted demesne; and Moygaddy, of Thos. Cannon, Esq. The living is a rectory and vicarage, in the diocese of Meath, and in the patronage of Henry Arabin, Esq., of Dublin: the tithes amount to £215. 9. 10., and the glebe comprises 4 3/4 acres, valued at £11. 5. per annum. The glebe-house was erected in 1815, by aid of a gift of £400, and a loan of £390, from the late Board of First Fruits. The church is an ancient plain edifice. In the R. C. divisions the parish forms part of the union or district of Batterstown, or Kilcloon. Near the church are some remains of an ancient castle.

MOYLARY, a parish, in the barony of FERRARD, county of LOUTH, and province of LEINSTER, l 3/4 mile (S. by W.) from Dunleer, on the road from Dublin to Dundalk containing 1183 inhabitants. It comprises, according to the Ordnance survey, 3635 3/4 statute acres, chiefly under tillage: the soil is in general light; there is some marshy bog; and within the limits of the parish are several quarries of good building stone. Stone House, the residence of Michael Chester, Esq., is situated in a neat demesne. It is a rectory and perpetual cure, in the diocese of Armagh, the rectory forming part of the union of Dunleer the perpetual cure, erected in 1818, is in the gift of the Incumbent. The tithes amount to £173. 3. 1.; and the stipend of the curate is £105. 7. S 1/2. per ann., of which £50 is payable by the rector of Drumcar, under certain stipulations in Primate Marsh's will, and the remainder by the incumbent of Moylary. The glebe, comprising 13 1/4 acres, is held by the curate, subject to a rent of £27. 13. 10. The glebe-house was built in 1820, at an expense of £507. 13. 10 1/2., British, of which £450 Irish was a gift, and £50 a loan from the late Board of First Fruits. The church is a neat modern structure, altered and repaired in 1811 by a parochial assessment, amounting to £300 Irish. In the R. C. divisions the parish forms part of the union or district of Moylary, also called the district of Ballymakenny, comprising this parish and parts of Drumshallon and Ballymakenny, and containing the chapels of Tenure in Moylary and Fieldstown in Drumshallon. Attached to the former is a school, in which, and in a private school, about 110 children are educated.

MOYLISKER, or MOLYSKAR, a parish, in the barony of FARTULLAGH, county of WESTMEATH, and province of LEINSTER, 3 1/2 miles (S.) from Mullingar, on the road to Tyrrell's Pass; containing 255 inhabitants. It is situated on the eastern shore of Lough Innel, and comprises 1593 3/4 statute acres of land, generally good, and (with the exception of some small moors) either in tillage or pasture; limestone abounds, and the state of agriculture is improving. Near the church is a small lake, from which the parish takes its name. Petty sessions are held at Moylisker every Wednesday. Among the seats is Belvedere, the property of Lord Lanesborough, occupying a beautiful situation on the summit of a small hill, in the centre of an amphitheatre of other hills, whence a fine lawn descends to the shore of Lough Innel, diversified by its islands, and the finely wooded promontory of Rochfort. Adjoining the latter is Rochfort House, the seat of Col. Rochfort, one of the finest mansions in the county; it is surrounded by a demesne of great beauty, separated from that of Belvedere by a large pile of artificial castellated ruins. On a rising ground behind Rochfort House is Tallyho, the residence of Mrs. Gerard. The other seats are Annaville, the residence of Wm. Robinson, Esq.; and Tyrrell's Town, of B. Briggs, Esq. The living is a rectory, in the diocese of Meath, united at a period unknown to the rectories of Lynn and Carrick, together constituting the union of Moylisker, in the patronage of the Crown. The tithes amount to £65, and the gross value of the benefice, tithes and glebe inclusive, is £366. 3. 1. The glebe and glebe-house are in the parish of Lynn. The church is an ancient structure: it was enlarged in 1807, at an expense of £394. 3. 1., and the Ecclesiastical Commissioners have lately granted £129. 11. 6. for its repair. In the R. C. divisions the parish forms part of the union or district of Mullingar. The parochial school of about 10 children, at Rathduff, is aided by a small annual payment from the rector. There are several ancient raths in the parish, and at Tyrrell's Town are the remains of an old castle. Belvedere formerly gave the title of Earl to the family of Rochfort, which became extinct on the death of the last earl in 1814.

MOYLOUGH, a parish, partly in the barony of KILLIAN, but chiefly in that of TYAQUIN, county of GALWAY, and province of CONNAUGHT, 2 miles (E.) from Dangan, on the mail coach road from Dublin to Tuam; containing, with the market-town of Mount-Bellew-Bridge (which is separately described), 5870 inhabitants. This parish comprises 17,818 statute acres, of which some portions are good and profitable land, and others of very inferior quality; there are large tracts of bog and waste land, of which the greater part might be easily reclaimed under a better system of cultivation, and some portions of low and marshy land, which might be drained at a comparatively moderate expense. The state of agriculture, though improving, is still very defective; limestone abounds and is quarried for burning into lime, and for building and making roads, and there are some ridges of limestone gravel. Considerable quantities of coarse linen are manufactured by the peasantry. Mount Bellew, the seat of M. D. Bellew, Esq., is finely situated in a demesne of 600 acres, richly wooded and embellished with an artificial lake of great beauty; in the house is a valuable collection of paintings and an extensive library. Windfield, the residence of J. Lynch, Esq., is a good mansion in a well-wooded demesne, commanding some fine views. The other seats are Cooloo, that of E. Browne, Esq.; Summerville, of D. M. Killikelly, Esq.; and Silk Mount, of --Bodkin, Esq. The village, which is also called Newtown-Bellew, contains about 500 inhabitants: it is situated nearly in the centre of the parish, and has a daily post to Castle-Blakeney. Fairs are held on May 28th, June 21st, Aug. 10th, Oct. 11th, and Nov. 8th, for cattle and pigs, and for linen, linen-yarn, and wool. Petty sessions are held once a fortnight at Mount-Bellew-Bridge; at which place is also held, on the first Monday in every month, the court for the manor of Castle Bellew, which was granted by patent to the Bellew family bearing date the 36th of Chas. II. A coach from Tuam to Dublin, and a car to Ballinasloe, pass through the parish daily.

The living is a rectory and vicarage, in the diocese of Tuam, episcopally united to the rectories and vicarages of Ballinakilly or Aghiart, and Kilmacrean, and to the vicarage of Kilmoylan, together forming the union of Moylough, in the patronage of the Archbishop. The tithes amount to£700: the glebe-house, towards the erection of which the late Board of First Fruits contributed a gift of £200 and a loan of £500, is a handsome residence; and the glebe comprises 15 1/2 acres, valued at £18. 15. per annum: the gross revenue of the benefice, including glebe and tithe, is £1287. 5. 8. per annum. The church, a neat edifice with a handsome tower, was erected in 1808, for which purpose the late Board of First Fruits advanced a loan of £200. In the R. C. divisions the parish is the head of a union called also Aghiart, and comprising also the parishes of Aghiart and Killascobe; there are three chapels, of which two are in this parish, one in the village of Moylough, a handsome edifice, for which a site was given by Mr. Bellew, who also gave £300 towards its erection; the other in the demesne of Mount-Bellew, an elegant edifice with a lofty tower, built by the late Mr. Bellew. There is an excellent national school for 120 boys at Mount-Bellew-Bridge, supported by a grant of £10 per ann. from the new Board of Education and 10 acres of land given by the late Mr. Bellew to a religious community, who are the masters: the school was built by Mr. Bellew. A school for 60 girls has also been built and is entirely supported by M. D. Bellew, Esq.; and there are two other schools, supported by payments of the pupils. There are some Danish raths, and the ruins of an ancient castle.

MOYLOUGH, a parish, in the barony of DEMIFORE, county of MEATH, and province of LEINSTER, 3 miles (S.) from Oldcastle, on the great road from Dublin to Sligo; containing 2401 inhabitants. It is situated on the river Inny, which rises here and falls into Lough Sheelin; and comprises 6937 statute acres, as applotted under the tithe act. Agriculture has but little improved: there is scarcely any bog; limestone abounds, and several quarries are extensively worked. The principal seats are Beltrasna, the residence of Jas. O'Reilly, Esq.; and Upper Crossdrum, of W. Smith Harman, Esq. It is a rectory, in the diocese of Meath, forming part of the union of Loughcrew. The tithes amount to £184. 12. 3 3/4. In the R. C. divisions it is part of the union of Oldcastle: the chapel is a handsome building, in the later English style, and is embellished with a painting over the altar; it was erected at an expense of £1000. A Lancasterian school was founded by Jas. O'Reilly, Esq., at whose expense the building was erected: there is also a private school, in which are about 40 boys and 20 girls. Some of the foundations of the old church, which anciently belonged to the abbey of Fore, are discernible; and there are remains of an ancient castle, of which no historical details are extant.

MOYMET, a parish, in the barony of UPPER NAVAN, county of MEATH, and province of LEINSTER, 2 miles (N. W.) from Trim, on the road to Kells and Navan; containing 634 inhabitants. It comprises 3174 statute acres, as applotted under the tithe act, consisting of arable and pasture land of good and middling quality. There is abundance of limestone, used for building. Lord Sherborne has lately constructed a good house here, with which part of an old castle is incorporated; it is the residence of J. G. Dawson, Esq., his lordship's agent. The living is a rectory, in the diocese of Meath, and in the patronage of the Crown; the tithes amount to £230. 15. 4 1/2. The glebe-house was erected by aid of a gift of £400, and a loan of £400, in 1812, from the late Board of First Fruits; the glebe comprises 10 acres, valued at £15. 15. per annum. In the R. C. divisions the parish is the head of a union or district, comprising the parishes of Moymet, Churchtown, Tullyhanogue, Rataine, Kilcooly, and Clonmacduff, in which union are two chapels, in Moymet and Churchtown. About 90 children are educated in a school aided by annual donations from Lord Sherborne and the rector; the school-house was given by the Rev. Mr. Tuite, P. P.

MOYNALTY, a post-town and parish, in the barony of LOWER KELLS, county of MEATH, and province of LEINSTER, 3 1/2 miles (N.) from Kells, and 35 miles (N. W.) from Dublin, on the road from Bailieborough to Dublin, by way of Navan and Kells, and on a branch of the river Blackwater; containing 5918 inhabitants, of which number, 220 are in the town. During the disturbances of 1798, a battle took place at Petersville, in this parish, between a party of the insurgents and the king's troops. The parish comprises 12,131 statute acres, as applotted under the tithe act; about one-third is good land, one-third middling, and the remainder indifferent; the land is principally under tillage, and the system of agriculture is improving; there is a small quantity of bog, and some extensive limestone quarries are worked both for manure and building. The present village, which is of recent erection, was, till within the last few years, composed of cabins; it is now clean and well-built, and comprises 33 detached houses, noted for their neatness, with the church at one of its extremities, and the R. C. chapel at the other: the improvement has been effected by J. Farrell, Esq., the present proprietor, who has also, by extensive and judicious plantations, greatly benefited the surrounding country, and has erected some substantial farm-houses on his estate. Petty sessions are held once a fortnight. The principal seats are Moynalty Lodge, the residence of J. Farrell, Esq.; Kingsfort, of R. Chaloner, Esq.; Westland, of T. Barnes, Esq.; Cherry Mount, of P. Smith, Esq.; Walterstown, of R. Kellett, Esq.; Petersville, of T. Tucker, Esq.; Donover, of W. Garnett, Esq.; Skirk, of J. Rathborne, Esq.; Westland Cottage, of E. Kellett, Esq.; and the glebe-house, of the Rev. W. Kellett. The living is a rectory, in the diocese of Meath, and in the patronage of the Crown; the tithes amount to £550. The glebe-house, a handsome building, was erected in 1792, at an expense of £847; the glebe comprises 13 acres, valued at £26 per annum. The church was built in 1819, by aid of a loan of £1000 from the late Board of First Fruits. The R. C. parish is co-extensive with that of the Established Church, and contains two chapels; that at Moynalty is a neat stone edifice, built in 1824, at an expense of £1000; the other is a plain building at Newcastle, built about 60 years since: both have paintings over the altars. There are four public schools, of which the parochial school is aided by the rector; one at Newcastle is aided by the Rev. Mr. Farrelly, P. P.; and the others are national schools; in these about 370 children are educated. There are also four private schools, in which are about 230 children; and a dispensary. A castle formerly stood here, which was the residence of the Farnham family, but no remains of it are now in existence.

MOYNALVEY, a village, in the parish of KILMORE, barony of UPPER DEECE, county of WESTMEATH, and province of LEINSTER; containing 13 dwellings and 76 inhabitants. Here is a R. C. chapel belonging to the union of Kilmore, a large plain structure, erected by subscription in 1834.

MOYNE, or MAYNE, a parish, in the barony of ELIOGARTY, county of TIPPERARY, and province of MUNSTER, 4 1/2 miles (N. E.) from Thurles; containing 224 inhabitants. It comprises 7172 statute acres, valued at £6677 per annum. Here is plenty of limestone and a good deal of bog. It is a constabulary police station. Lisheen, a handsome castellated building, is the residence of J. Lloyd, Esq.; Fortfield, of H. Lloyd, Esq.; Killoran, of Solomon Lalor Cambie, Esq.; and the glebe-house, of the Rev. S. Ferguson. The living is a rectory and vicarage, in the diocese of Cashel, united to the rectory and vicarage of Kilclonagh, and in the patronage of the Archbishop: the tithes amount to £479. 17. 6., and of the entire benefice to £524. 17. 6. The glebe-house was erected by aid of a loan of £675 from the late Board of First Fruits, in 1820. The church was built in 1815, by aid of a gift of £800 from the same Board. In the R. C. divisions the parish is the head of a union or district, comprising this parish and those of Kilclonagh and Templetuohy, in which union there are two chapels; that of Moyne is a very neat building. About 300 children are educated in two national schools, held in neat thatched houses, built by subscription, and situated at Mayne and Boulabeha; and about 40 in a private school.

MOYNE, a parish, in the barony of BALLINACOR, county of WICKLOW, and province of LEINSTER; containing 1175 inhabitants. This parish, which is situated on the confines of the county of Carlow, comprises 8407 statute acres, as applotted under the tithe act, and was formed in 1813, by disuniting certain townlands from the parish of Hacketstown. The only house of importance is Coolballintaggart, the seat of A. Tate, Esq., a handsome mansion with a front of hewn granite, situated in a demesne tastefully laid out and commanding some fine mountain views. The living is a perpetual curacy, in the diocese of Leighlin, and in the patronage of the Incumbent of Hacketstown: the tithes amount to £184. 12. 3f. The glebe-house, towards which the late Board of First Fruits contributed a gift of £450, and a loan of £50, in 1817, is a neat building; the glebe comprises nearly 20 acres of arable and pasture land, including a small portion of bog, and is subject to an acreable rent. In the R. C. divisions the parish forms part of the union or district of Hacketstown. About 80 children are taught in a school supported by annual donations from the Rev. Mr. Wright and the Governors of the Foundling Hospital; Earl Fitzwilliam gave the school-house and 5 roods of land. There is also a private school, in which are about 40 children.

MOYNOE, a parish, in the barony of TULLA, county of CLARE, and province of MUNSTER, 8 miles (N. N. W.) from Killaloe; containing 1268 inhabitants. It is situated on the confines of the county of Galway, and extends to within a mile of the town of Scariff; comprising about 1940 statute acres of arable land in a tolerable state of cultivation, exclusively of a large portion of coarse mountain pasture and bog. The only seat is Moynoe House, the residence of Fitzgibbon Hinchy, Esq. It is in the diocese of Killaloe; the rectory is appropriate to the economy fund of the cathedral of Killaloe, and the vicarage forms part of the union of Inniscalthra: the tithes amount to £83.1. 6 1/2 ., of which £46. 3. 1. is payable to the economy fund, and the remainder to the vicar. In the R. C. divisions it is part of the union or district of Scariff. The ruins of the old church still remain.

MOYNRATH. -- See MOUNTRATH.

MOYNTAGHS, or ARDMORE, a parish, in the barony of ONEILLAND EAST, county of ARMAGH, and province of ULSTER, 4 miles (N. W.) from Lurgan, on the road to Stewartstown, by way of the Bannfoot ferry; containing 2891 inhabitants. This parish is situated on the southern shore of Lough Neagh, and is bounded on the south-west by the river Bann; it comprises, according to the Ordnance survey (including islands), 18,098 1/4 statute acres, of which 12,178 are in Lough Neagh, 305 1/2 in Lough Gullion, and 83 in the Bann. About one-half of the land is arable, and the remainder bog, which C. Brownlow, Esq., has attempted to drain and reclaim. For this purpose he erected a windmill, which was soon destroyed by a storm, and was replaced by a steam-engine, which proved ineffectual. An extensive embankment was formed across Lough Gullion, and the steam-engine long employed in draining it; but all these efforts were defeated, as the water seemed to return by subterranean springs. Agricultural pursuits, fishing, weaving linen, and working the turf bog, are the principal employments of the inhabitants. Raughlin, the seat of J. Forde, Esq., is surrounded by plantations, gardens, and pleasure-grounds of a luxuriant character, and commands splendid views of the lake and the counties of Tyrone, Derry, Antrim, Down, and Armagh: in the lake is an island, beautifully planted with fruit-trees and evergreens, the whole forming a beautiful spot in the midst of a boggy and unproductive tract. On the opposite shore is the glebe-house, the residence of the Rev. D. W. Macmullen. Moyntaghs was formerly part of the parish of Seagoe, but in 1765 it was erected into a separate parish. By charter of James I., the rectory was made one of the five parishes constituting the union of Donaghclony and corps of the archdeaconry of the diocese of Dromore, to which it remained united until 1832, when, by act of council, the union was dissolved, and it was united and consolidated with the vicarage, and the living is now a rectory and vicarage, in the diocese of Dromore, and in the patronage of the Bishop. The tithes amount to £54. 2. 6., besides which, the Ecclesiastical Commissioners grant £71. 2. out of Primate Boulter's fund. The glebe-house was erected by aid of a gift of £415. 7. 8 1/2., and a loan of £55. 7. 8 1/4 ., British currency, from the late Board of First Fruits, in 1820; the glebe comprises 13 acres, valued at £16. 5. per annum. A small church was built in 1765, close to the shore of Lough Neagh, but it was blown down in a storm on Nov. 4th, 1783; after which accident the new one was built, in 1785, on a more eligible site; its elevated situation and tapering spire, render it an interesting object when viewed from the lake or any of the neighbouring shores: the late Board gave £276. 18. 5 1/2., British currency, towards its erection. In the R. C. divisions the parish forms part of the union or district of Seagoe. About 60 children are educated in the parochial school, which is principally supported by the incumbent; the school-house is large and commodious. There are also three private schools, in which are about 130 children, and a Sunday school. C. Brown-low, Esq., the proprietor of the parish, built a village near the Bannfoot ferry, naming it Charlestown; he obtained a patent for a fair on the first Monday in every month, but it has not yet succeeded. This village is seven miles from Lurgan, Portadown, and Stewartstown, being intentionally equidistant from each of these towns.

MOYRUS, a parish, in the barony of BALLINAHINCH, county of GALWAY, and province of CONNAUGHT, approaching the town of Clifden in its north-western part ;containing 9792 inhabitants. A monastery for Carmelite or White friars was founded at Ballinahinch, in 1356; and another at Tombeola, for Dominican friars, about the year 1427, by the O'Flahertys, dynasts of lar Connaught: in the beginning of Elizabeth's reign, the latter building was wholly demolished for the materials, which were used in the erection of the castle in the lake of Ballinahinch. In 1831, a famine raged in this district, in consequence of the failure of the potato crop, by reason of which 1200 families were reduced to the most appalling state of destitution, until assistance in money and food from the London Relief Committee was afforded, which rescued thousands from death. The parish is situated upon the western coast; it extends from the Killery harbours, on the north, to the bays of Roundstone and Birterbuy, on the south, across a wild and mountainous district, and comprises within its limits the inhabited islands of Masa, Innislackan, and Innistravan, and the uninhabited isles of Mynish, Innisnee, Finish, Croaghnid, Macdara, Freigh, Spit, Birr, Cruanakilly (occupied as a deer-park by T. B. Martin, Esq.), Cruanacarra, Innisdaury, and Innismooskerry; also the bays of Roundstone, Birterbuy, and Ardwest. The village of Roundstone, on the bay of that name, is situated in lat. 53° 23' 30" (N.), and in lon. 9° 51' 30" (W.) The bay is capable of sheltering the largest ships, the best anchorage being in four or five fathoms of water, on the Innisnee shore, a little above the point of that island: vessels of considerable burden may go up to the pier, which is dry at low water along the quay wall, or lie safe off the village. The pier and quay of Round-stone were built by Government; they are frequented by about 30 sailing-boats, averaging 10 tons, and 40 rowing-boats, of 4 tons each, the former being also occasionally engaged in bringing corn, kelp, and turf to Galway: about 250 persons are thus employed in trading and fishing. The entrance to Birterbuy bay is an opening to the eastward of Innislackan, about three cables' length wide: it is a safe and commodious harbour, capable of accommodating the largest ships, being about four miles in length, and one in breadth, besides its inlets; it has upwards of six fathoms of water, over a surface of about 1200 acres. Between Mynish island and the mainland is the bay of Ardwest, which is only frequented by fishing-boats. The little Killery or Salbroke harbour, in the parish of Ballynakill, is sheltered, the ground good, and it has depth of water for vessels of any size, but, being narrow, vessels must have a leading wind out and in, as they cannot ride with above half a cable: the rocks at the entrance are never quite covered, but the water is deep on each side of them; the best anchorage is near the head of the bay. The great, or larger, Killery harbour is commodious and fit for the largest ships, having good anchorage in all parts, though liable to sudden squalls from the mountains. The river of Ballinahinch has a large salmon-fishery, and the bay of Ardwest is noted for its fine herrings. The females are mostly engaged in spinning yarn and knitting stockings. In this parish are situated the quarries of green marble, which belong to T. B. Martin, Esq.: the principal is in the mountain Barrnonarane (one of the Twelve Pins), where, to the extent of three miles, the surface appears to be entirely composed of this marble; another quarry has been opened at Lessoughter, and at each of these quarries blocks of 15, 18, and 20 tons' weight are raised. A little to the south of the green marble is a large tract of white marble, lately discovered, of which hitherto a few blocks only have been raised, but these are extremely large, and sufficiently white for general purposes: a mass of 22 feet in length and proportionally broad has been recently excavated. The distance is only five miles from the Barrnonarane quarry to the shipping pier in Round-stone bay, and an excellent road has been made for its conveyance. A new line of road formed by Government, as a continuation of the Oughterard road to Clifden, has been lately opened, the expense of which has already been repaid by the increased duties of excise-able commodities consumed in the district. The river of Ballinahinch, which runs from the lake of the same name into Roundstone bay, could be made navigable at a moderate expense, and thus open a communication of more than six miles of still water, as several other lakes require only a very narrow cut to unite them. Situated amidst bold and picturesque mountains, among which the Twelve Pins rise majestically from the borders of the lake of Ballinahinch, is the seat of T. B. Martin, Esq., M. P.: Gorman is the residence of the Very Rev. Dean Mahon. The parish is in the diocese of Tuam; it is a rectory, forming part of the union of Ballynakill: the tithes are £50. 15. 4 1/2. Divine service is celebrated, twice every Sunday and once on festivals, in a private house in the southern part of the parish. The R. C. parish is co-extensive with that of the Established Church; there are two chapels, besides which, divine service is performed in a private house at Roundstone. There are schools under the National Board at Ballinafad, Roundstone, and Moyrus, in which about 200 boys and 70 girls are taught: there is also a private school at Timbole bridge, in which are about 15 children. In Ard bay are the ruins of Ard castle; on a small island in the centre of the lake of Ballinahinch are the ruins of the castle before mentioned; and at Tombeola, at the head of Roundstone bay, are the ruins of a small chapel.

MOYVIDDY. -- See MOVIDDY.

MOYVORE, or TEMPLEPATRICK, a parish, in the barony of RATHCONRATH, county of WESTMEATH, and province of LEINSTER, 9 1/2 miles (W.) from Mullingar, on the road to Ballymahon; containing 765 inhabitants, of which number, 213 are in the village. The parish comprises 1900 statute acres, of which a considerable portion is bog, and the remainder, which is of good quality, is chiefly under tillage: limestone abounds. The village consists of 42 houses, and is a constabulary police station; fairs are held on May 4th, Aug. 20th, and Dec. 5th. The parish is in the diocese of Meath, and is entirely impropriate in the Representatives of the Earl of Belvidere: the Protestant parishioners attend the church of Almoritia. In the R. C. divisions it is the head of a union or district, comprising the parishes of Moyvore, Forgney, and Piercetown, in which union are two chapels, one in each of the two latter places. Nearly 400 children are taught in a national school. At Templepatrick are the remains of an old fortress, and within the limits of the parish are several raths.

MUCKALEE, or MUCKULLY, a parish, in the barony of FASSADINING, county of KILKENNY, and province of LEINSTER, 3 miles (S.) from Castlecomer, on the road to Kilkenny, and on the river Dinin; containing 885 inhabitants. From the similarity of name, and its situation, it is supposed that this place was, the Magh-ailbee, where, according to Keating, Cormac, king of Munster, the king of Ossory, and various other chieftains, were slain in 913. A battle appears to have been fought in the vicinity, as a burial-ground is marked by a number of upright stones, south-east of Purcell's hill, where the slain were interred. The parish comprises 26,493 statute acres, of which 8288 are arable, 1459 pasture, and the remainder waste or bog. It is a vicarage, in the diocese of Ossory, forming part of the union of Dunmore; the rectory is impropriate in the corporation of Kilkenny. The tithes amount to £150, of which £100 is payable to the corporation, and £50 to the vicar. In the R. C. divisions it forms part of the union or district of Templeorum. There are two private schools, one of which is aided by subscription, in which about 160 children are educated. On the neighbouring hill of Knockmajor is a small circular enclosure; and in the valley beneath, towards Wildfield, many old spear heads have been found. Yellow ochre, of a soft quality, is found at Wildfield; and there is a weak chalybeate spring near the church of Coolcullen.

MUCKAMORE, a grange, in the barony of LOWER MASSAREENE, county of ANTRIM, and province of ULSTER, 1 mile (S. E.) from Antrim; containing 1798 inhabitants. This place, anciently Mach-airi-mor, or the "great field of adoration," is situated on the Six-mile-Water; and comprises, according to the Ordnance survey, 3921 1/4 statute acres, exclusively of 1519 acres covered by Lough Neagh. It probably derived its name from its having been, during the times of Druidical superstition, the place selected for the performance of the religious rites of that people; a rude pillar consisting of a single stone, now called the "hole stone," or "old stone," is supposed to commemorate the fact. A monastery was founded here in 550, by Colman Elo, commonly, from the great number of churches that he had founded, called St. Columbkill. This establishment acquired great celebrity, and notwithstanding the internal wars which distracted the country, continued to flourish till the 32nd of Hen. VIII., when it was delivered up to the king's commissioners by Bryan Doyomahallon, its last abbot. Soon after the conquest of Ulster, in 1172, De Courcy visited this monastery and confirmed to the monks their former possessions and extended their ancient privileges, to which were added a grant of free warren, with an annual fair and a monthly market by Hen. VI., in 1430. In the 18th of James I., it was granted by letters patent to Sir Roger Langford, from whom it descended to the Earls of Massereene, under whom it is held on lease for lives renewable in perpetuity. Only a very small portion of this once splendid pile is now remaining; but the extensive cemetery is still the burial-place of the surrounding district. Its situation was one of the finest that could have been selected, comprehending every advantage of wood and water, and every variety of hill and dale, with a pleasingly undulating surface, and a soil of exuberant fertility. The whole of the grange, which is extra-parochial, is in the highest state of cultivation, and is drained, fenced, planted, and stocked upon the English system. Muckamore House, the residence of S. Thompson, Esq.; Greenmount, of W. Thompson, Esq.; the Lodge, of F. Whittle, Esq.; and New Lodge, of the Rev. A. C. Macartney, are all handsome mansions delightfully situated in grounds tastefully and elegantly laid out. Close to the ruins of the abbey, and on the Six-mile-Water, is a very extensive bleach-green, belonging to W. Chaine, Esq., at which more than 80,000 pieces of linen are annually finished for the London market; there are also, on the same river, another bleach-green on a smaller scale, an extensive paper-manufactory, and one of the most complete flour-mills in the county, in which 2200 tons of grain are annually ground: these works afford employment to the labouring population of the liberty, and also to many from the town of Antrim. The fair granted by Hen. VI. is held in the village of Oldstone, on the 12th of June, and is the largest horse fair in the province. The members of the Established Church attend divine service in the church of Antrim. About 80 children are educated in a school at Oldstone, aided by an annual donation from Mr. Thompson; and about 30 children in a private school. There are also two Sunday schools. Within the liberty are several raths and forts, two of the first of which are very extensive and in a perfect state; and there are also several remains of cromlechs. Among the ruins of the abbey, two silver candlesticks and other valuable relics are said to have been discovered some years since.

MUCKNOE, a parish, in the barony of CREMORNE, county of MONAGHAN and province of ULSTER, on the road from Carrickmacross to Armagh; containing, with the post-town of Castle-Blayney (which is separately described), 9717 inhabitants. This parish comprises 17,194 statute acres, according to the Ordnance survey, of which 14,155 are applotted under the tithe act, 377 3/4 are in Mucknoe lake, and 163 in smaller lakes; the land consists chiefly of arable and pasture, but there are large detached tracts of bog, and a considerable portion is mountain, of which Mullyash rises 1034 feet above the level of the sea. The principal crops are oats, flax, and potatoes: stone quarries are worked for building; and there are two corn-mills. Monthly fairs are held at Castle-Blayney. Castle-Blayney, the seat of Lord Blayney, is noticed under the head of that town. The living is a rectory and vicarage, in the diocese of Clogher, and in the patronage of the Bishop; the tithes amount to £436. 3. 1. The glebe-house was erected in 1828, at an expense of £1027, of which £184 was a gift and £553 a loan from the late Board of First Fruits; the glebe comprises 20 acres, valued at £39 per annum. The church stands in Castle-Blayney: it was erected in 1810 by a loan of £1000 from the same Board, and gifts of £200 from the late Lord Blayney, £100 from Lord Templeton, and £50 from Lady Eliz. Alexander. In the R. C. divisions the parish is partly in the union of Clontibret, and partly a benefice in itself; it has two chapels, one at Oram, and the other in Castle-Blayney, which is a neat building. There are four places of worship for Presbyterians; one in connection with the Synod of Ulster, of the second class; two at Frankfort and Garmoney Grove, in connection with the Seceding Synod, the latter of the second class; and one belonging to the Scotch Covenanters. There is also a meeting-house for Wesleyan Methodists. About 700 children are educated in 11 public schools, of which the parochial school is aided by the incumbent; and a female school is supported by Lady Blayney; and in 11 private schools are about 540 children.

MUCKROSS. -- See KILLARNEY, county of KERRY.

MUFF, a village, in the parish of ENNISKEEN, barony of CLONKEE, county of CAVAN, and province of ULSTER, adjoining the post-town of Kingscourt, on the road to Bailieborough; the population is returned with the parish. It contains only a few scattered houses, and a R. C. chapel. A fair for horses is held annually on the 12th of August, which is well attended. There are some ruins of an ancient castle, said to have been destroyed by Cromwell.

MUFF, an ecclesiastical district, in the barony of ENNISHOWEN, county of DONEGAL, and province of ULSTER, 5 miles (N. N. W.) from Londonderry, on the road to Moville; containing 5915 inhabitants. Aileach castle, now only a noble ruin, stands on the summit of a lofty hill, and appears to have been the residence of the princes of the country for many centuries; in the reign of Elizabeth it was occupied by the O'Dohertys, who, in 1601, were conquered by Sir II. Docwra, who afterwards held their lands from the queen. Sir Cahir O'Doherty, the chieftain of Ennishowen, on May 1st, 1608, invited Capt. Hart, the English Governor of Culmore fort, and his lady, to the castle, under the guise of friendship; when he seized and made them prisoners, exacting such orders from the governor as secured the chieftain's own admittance into Culmore fort; having succeeded in obtaining which he massacred the garrison, took possession of the fort, and, on the same night, captured Derry, putting Sir G. Paulett, the governor, to death. Aileach castle was, shortly afterwards, re-taken by the English, under Lord-Deputy Wingfield, by whose orders it was dismantled, and it has ever since remained in ruins. This district is bounded on the east by Lough Foyle, and comprises, according to the Ordnance survey, 15,030 statute acres, of which 14,988 are applotted under the tithe act, and valued at £8658 per ann.; about four-fifths are good arable land under an excellent system of cultivation; the remainder is mountainous and unproductive. The village has a neat appearance, the houses being clean and well built. Fairs are held on May 4th, Aug. 5th, Oct. 25th, and Dec. 11th. It has a penny post to Londonderry and Moville, a dispensary, and a constabulary police station; petty sessions are held once every fortnight; and a court for the manor of Muff is held on the second Tuesday in every month, for the recovery of debts under 40s. Ballynagarde is the residence of Capt. Hart, and Birdstown, of the Rev. P. B. Maxwell. The living is a perpetual cure, in the diocese of Derry, and in the patronage of the Dean; it was erected in 1809, when thirteen townlands were separated from the parish of Templemore. The tithes belong to the Dean: the income of the curate is £100, late currency, arising from £26 paid out of the Augmentation funds of the Ecclesiastical Commissioners, and a stipend from the Dean. The church is a small neat edifice, in the Gothic style of architecture, built about a century since by the ancestor of the late Gen. Hart, of Kilderry; and the Ecclesiastical Commissioners have lately granted £379 for its repair. In the R. C. divisions Muff forms part of the union or district of Templemore. About 100 children are educated in a school principally supported by the dean, and a school at Culmore is supported by the Hart family; there are also two private schools, in which are about 90 children; and two Sunday schools. The fort of Culmore is nominally within this district, though usually considered to be extra-parochial.

MUFF, a village, in the parish of FAUGHANVALE, barony of TIRKEERAN, county of LONDONDERRY, and province of ULSTER, 6 miles (N. E. by E.) from Londonderry, on the old road to Coleraine; containing 192 inhabitants. This place owes its origin to the Grocers' Company of London, to whom, on the settlement of Ulster, James I. granted the adjacent lands, on which the company erected a large bawn and a strong castle, defended by a garrison of their own tenantry. The castle was besieged in 1641 by the insurgents under Col. McDonnell, and gallantly defended by the garrison during the winter of that year, till relieved in the following summer by the troops from Derry, but it afterwards fell in the hands of the parliamentarians, by whom it was dismantled. The company, in 1626, erected a church here, which has ever since been the parish church of Faughanvale; and on the expiration of the leases, which they had granted for long terms, resumed the management of their estate in 1819, since which period very considerable improvements have been made. The company's manor comprehends 38 townlands, extending into the parishes of Lower Cumber and Clondermot, and comprising 16,500 statute acres. The village has been entirely rebuilt; the houses are large and of handsome appearance, the streets spacious and regularly laid out, and the roads leading to it well constructed and kept in good repair. In conjunction with the resident gentry of the neighbourhood, the company established an agricultural school at Templemoyle, with which a classical school at Fallowlee is connected, and for its use allotted 130 acres for experiments in practical farming, in consideration of which they send three free pupils into the school. Fairs are held on the first Thursday in Feb., May, Aug., and Nov., for cattle, sheep, pigs, and various articles of merchandise. A penny post has been established to Londonderry, a constabulary police force is stationed here, and petty sessions are held on the first Tuesday in every month. A manorial court is held monthly before the seneschal, for the recovery of debts under 40s.; the court and market-house is a spacious and handsome building in the centre of the village. The old church built by the company having fallen into decay, a new church in the early English style was erected in 1821, towards which a loan of £1000 was granted by the late Board of First Fruits; the glebe-house (erected by the Company), a dispensary, and an almshouse for 20 poor widows, are also in the village. There are some remains of the old parish church; but not a vestige of the bawn or castle, except the vaults of the latter, can be traced.

MULLACREW, a village, in the parish, barony, and county of LOUTH, and province of LEINSTER, 6 1/2 miles (S. W.) from Dundalk, on the road from Ardee, by Louth, to Castle-Blayney; containing 124 houses and 596 inhabitants. It is much resorted to as one of the most extensive marts for wool in Ireland, and for its fairs for cattle and pigs, which are held on Feb. 2nd, March 25th, April 4th, May 1st, June 17th, (which is the great wool fair), July 26th, Aug. 15th, Sept. 8th, Oct. 18th, Nov. 16th, and Dec. 21st.

MULLAGH, a market-town and parish, in the barony of CASTLERAHAN, county of CAVAN, and province of ULSTER, 6 miles (N. N. W.) from Kells, on the road to Bailieborough; containing 5960 inhabitants, of which number, 108 are in the town. This parish is situated on the confines of the county of Meath, and comprises, according to the Ordnance survey, 12,873 statute acres, of which 140 3/4 are water, and there are large tracts of bog and mountain; the general quality of the land is good. There is abundance of stone for building; some slate is found on the glebe, and coal exists, but is not worked. The town, which consists of 36 houses, is a constabulary police station, and petty sessions are held on alternate Fridays. It has a weekly market; and fairs for the sale of cattle and pigs, oats, butter, and flax, are held on Jan. 29th, March 25th, May 27th, July 29th, Sept. 30th, and Nov. 25th. Here is a dispensary. The principal seats are Lake View, the residence of -- Mortimer, Esq.; Quilca House, of the Rev. Luke O'Reilly; and the glebe-house, of the Rev. Atkinson Caffrey. The living is a perpetual curacy, in the diocese of Kilmore, and in the gift of the Incumbent of Killenkere. The income of the perpetual curate is £78. 2., of which £55 is payable by the vicar of Killenkere, and £23. 2. from the Ecclesiastical Commissioners, out of Primate Boulter's fund: he has also the glebe, comprising 20 acres, and valued at £20 per annum; and the glebe-house, which was built by aid of a gift of £450, and a loan of £50, in 1822, from the late Board of First Fruits. The church is a neat structure in good repair, built in 1819, at an expense of £1107, being a loan from the same Board. The R. C. parish is co-extensive with that of the Established Church, and contains two chapels, one at Cornakill, and one at Chapel-Cross. There are meeting-houses for Presbyterians and Independents. There are four private schools, in which about 290 children are educated; and a Sunday school. Ruins of an ancient church and of a chapel of ease exist. The site of the castle on the western side of the lake is now occupied by the cottage of Mrs. Finlay; the castle was destroyed by Cromwell.

Quilca House, in which Dean Swift wrote "Gulliver's Travels," and the "Tale of a Tub," was the residence of Mr. T. Sheridan, father of the Rt. Hon. Brinsley Sheridan.

MULLAGHBRACK, a parish, partly in the baronies of ONEILLAND WEST and LOWER ORIOR, but chiefly in the barony of LOWER FEWS, county of ARMAGH, and province of ULSTER; containing, with the district parish of Kilcluney, the post-town of Market-hill, and the village of Hamilton's-Bawn (all of which are separately described), 16,099 inhabitants, of which number, 7627 are in the district parish of Kilcluney. This parish is of great antiquity; mention is made of it in Pope Nicholas's Taxation in 1291, at which time the rectory and several townlands belonged to the Colidei, or Culdees, of Armagh. At the plantation of Ulster, James I. granted 1000 acres of land here and the manor of Coolemalish to H. Acheson, Esq., who built a stone bawn at Carrickbane, 140 feet long and 80 feet wide, defended at the angles by four towers; and settled there 19 Scottish families, who, with their servants and retainers, furnished 30 armed men for the service of the king. Soon after, Sir James Douglas obtained a grant of 2000 acres and the manor of Cloncarney, on which his successor, Sir Archibald Acheson, built a strong castle and placed 36 British families, who furnished 148 armed men. He also built a town round his castle of Cloncarney, in which he placed 30 more British families, who provided 30 soldiers for the king. This town was the origin of the present flourishing town of Markethill, and the family of the Achesons were ancestors of its present proprietor, the Earl of Gosford.

The parish is situated on the road from Armagh to Newry, and comprises 24,296 statute acres: the land in the northern part is of good quality, but that in the south-eastern portion is mountainous and poor. The system of agriculture is rapidly improving; there is no waste land, and very little bog, not at all sufficient for a due supply of fuel for the population; lime, which is brought from Armagh, is the chief manure. Lead ore of rich quality is found in the townland of Cavanaghgrough or Cavanagrove, but no attempt has been made to work it; and near the R. C. chapel at Drumlack is a thin seam of excellent coal. Gosford Castle, the seat of the Earl of Gosford, is a sumptuous and stately structure in the Norman style, built of granite from the Mullaglass quarries: the castle has been 17 years in progress of erection, and is not yet completed; it is situated in an ample and highly improved demesne, about a quarter of a mile to the east of the former mansion, which was built on the site of the castle originally erected by Sir A. Ache-son in 1617, and destroyed in the insurrection of 1641. The other seats in the parish are Drumart, that of J. Hardy, Esq.; Marlacoo, of R. Boyd, Esq.; and Ballynewry, of B. Atkinson, Esq. A court for the united manors of Coolmalish and Cloncarney is held on the first Wednesday in every month, for the recovery of debts under 40s.; and a court for the manor of Johnstown is held at Hamilton's-Bawn, on the first Monday in every month, for the recovery of debts to the same amount. Part of the parish is within the manor of Armagh, and part also in that of Clady, for which courts are occasionally held at Cambough and Clady. Courts leet are also held twice in the year. Several townlands are tithe-free, and the townland of Derrynaught was given by Primate Robinson to the Armagh Observatory. The living is a rectory and vicarage, in the diocese of Armagh, constituting the corps of the prebend of Mullaghbrack in the cathedral of Armagh, and in the patronage of the Lord-Primate. The tithes amount to £671. 4. 6 1/2.; the glebe-house, a handsome residence beautifully situated, was erected in 1829, by the Rev. S. Blacker, LL.D., the present incumbent, at an expense of £4651. S.; the glebe, which consists of five townlands, comprises 1146 statute acres, valued at £1416 per annum. The church, a neat edifice near the castle, was rebuilt in 1830, at an expense of £1787, of which £1035 was defrayed by the incumbent, £200 by the Earl of Gosford, £100 by the Lord-Primate, £32 by subscription, and £400 by parochial assessment. In the R. C. divisions the parish is partly in the union of Ballymore, and partly in that of Kilcluney: the chapel, situated about half a mile from the church, belongs to the Ballymore union; that for the Kilcluney district is at Clady, and is now being rebuilt; there are places of worship for Presbyterians in connection with the Synod of Ulster and the Seceding Synod, and Wesleyan Methodists. About 720 children are taught in six public schools: of these, the Cabra school, with a residence for a master and mistress, was built and endowed with £30 per ann. by the late A. McCreight, Esq.; the present incumbent has endowed the parochial school with £20 per ann.; and the Gosford school was built and is supported by Lady Gosford. There are also seven schools, each of which is in connection with some educational society, in which are about 240 children; and nine Sunday schools. On the estate of Lord Charlemont is a cairn, called Cairnamnhanaghan, or "the monk's cairn," a conical heap of stones still covering more than two acres, though much reduced by the peasantry, who have carried away many of the stones for building, a practice now prohibited by the proprietor. There is a similar cairn about five miles distant. Parts of the walls of the bawn built by H. Acheson, Esq., are still remaining, and in Gosford demesne are five Danish forts.

MULLAGHMORE, a peninsulated district, in the parish of AHAMPLISH, barony of LOWER CARBERY, county of SLIGO, and province of CONNAUGHT, 9 miles (N.) from Sligo: the population is returned with the parish. This place, which is situated on the northwestern coast, near Milkhaven, and includes several small villages, has been greatly improved by Viscount Palmerston, who has built here a commodious quay, from which the inhabitants export corn and other agricultural produce; and has also expended considerable sums in reclaiming the neighbouring bogs, and in planting the loose sands with that species of grass called "bent," which alone will take root, and render them in due time a firm and solid beach. His lordship has built several neat houses for the reception of families during the bathing season; and a new town is rapidly springing up near the quay, which will soon supersede the villages of Ballintample and Grange.

MULLAHIDDART, or MULLAHITHART, a parish, in the barony of CASTLEKNOCK, county of DUBLIN, and province of LEINSTER, 5 3/4 miles (N. W. by N.) from Dublin, on the road to Navan; containing 478 inhabitants. "The guild or fraternity of the Blessed Virgin Mary," of Mullahiddart, was founded in the 23rd of Hen. VI. by act of parliament. The principal seats are Hollywood, the residence of Major Thompson; Tyrrelstown, of A. Rorke, Esq.; and Kilmartin, of J. Hoskins, Esq. The parish was formerly a northern portion of that of Castleknock. It is a rectory and curacy, in the diocese of Dublin: the rectory forms the corps of the prebend thereof in the cathedral of St. Patrick, Dublin, and in the patronage of the Archbishop; and the curacy forms part of the union of Castleknock. The tithes amount to £210, of which £70 is payable to the prebendary and the remainder to the incumbent of Castleknock. The church is in ruins, presenting, with its ivy-covered tower, a picturesque object. In the R. C. divisions the parish forms part of the union or district of Castleknock. A school under the National Board, aided by a collection at the R. C. chapel, affords instruction to 62 boys and 16 girls. A well not far from the church, dedicated to the Blessed Virgin, is frequented at certain periods by the peasantry. Ancient coins have been found near the church.

MULLAVILLY, or MULLAGHVILLY, an ecclesiastical district, in the barony of LOWER ORIOR, county of ARMAGH, and province of ULSTER, 2 miles (N. by W.) from Tanderagee, on the road from Newry to Portadown; containing 6593 inhabitants. This district comprises 6880 acres, generally remarkably good, and under an excellent system of agriculture: the Brachy bog, containing about 350 acres, is very valuable for fuel. The manor court of Tannybalton was formerly held here, but it has been for some time discontinued. The principal proprietors are Viscount Mandeville and the Count de Salis. Near the church is Mullavilly House, the residence of J. Atkinson, Esq.; the glebe-house is the residence of the Rev. Maxwell Carpendale; and there are several other very good houses, the residences of farmers. The living is a perpetual curacy, in the diocese of Armagh, and in the patronage of the Chancellor of Armagh. The income of the perpetual curate amounts to £94. 4. 7 1/2 ., of which £69. 4. 7 1/2. is paid by the rector of Kilmore, and £25 out of Primate Boulter's Augmentation Fund. The glebe-house was built by aid of a gift of £450, and a loan of £50, in 1812, from the late Board of First Fruits: the glebe consists of 10 acres, valued at £12. 8. per annum. Prior to the year 1755, this formed part of the parish of Kilmore, but in that year seventeen townlands were set apart to form the district of Mullavilly, shortly after which the church was erected, at the cost of Primate Robinson, but it was not consecrated till 1785; it was considerably enlarged in 1820, at an expense of £738 British, of which sum £387 was a loan from the late Board of First Fruits; it has lately been repaired by aid of a grant of £137 from the Ecclesiastical Commissioners, and is a handsome cruciform building, with a square embattled tower at the west front, surmounted by a low spire. In the R. C. divisions this parish forms part of the union or district of Kilmore: the chapel is a small building, at Mullavilly. At Vinecash there is a place of worship for Presbyterians in connection with the Synod of Ulster, of the third class; and another at Ahoney, belonging to the Seceding Synod, of the second class. About 650 children are educated in seven public schools, of which one at Mullavilly is on Erasmus Smith's foundation, and has a large and handsome school-house, erected by the Count de Salis, at an expense of £600, on two acres of land with which he endowed it; one at Mullahead was built and is supported by Lord and Lady Mandeville, and conducted on the moral agency system; and those at Ballintaggart, Derryhall, and Ballyloghan are supported by the Misses Richardson. There are also two private schools, in which about 80 children are educated; and six Sunday schools, one of which is supported by Miss Richardson. Attached to the school at Mullahead are a lending library, and a loan and clothing fund, of the benefits of which every necessitous tenant on the estate partakes.

MULLINACUFF, a parish, in the half-barony of SHILLELAGH, county of WICKLOW, and province of LEINSTER, 2 3/4 miles (W. S. W.) from Tinahely, on the road to Tullow; containing 2144 inhabitants. This parish comprises 6714 statute acres, as applotted under the tithe act: there is a large extent of bog; agriculture is improving. Ballyrahine House is the residence of Mrs. Chamney; it was attacked in 1798, and a battle fought between the insurgents and the Coolattin corps of yeomanry-infantry, the latter commanded by Capt. J. Chamney, assisted by his nephew, an officer in that corps, on which occasion both these gentlemen were killed. Fort Town is the residence of F. H. Morton, Esq., whence, as well as from Ballyrahine, very fine mountain views of the surrounding country are obtained. It is a rectory and impropriate cure, in the diocese of Leighlin the rectory is appropriate to the Dean and Chapter of Leighlin, and the impropriate cure forms part of the union of Aghold. The tithes amount to £310. 6. 3 3/4., two-thirds of which are payable to the dean and chapter, and the remainder to the perpetual curate. The church is in ruins. In the R. C. divisions it is within the union or district of Clonmore. About 240 children are educated in three public schools, of which the parochial school is aided by the curate; one by the parish priest; the other is under the National Board; and in a private school are about 40 children. There are several raths in the parish.

MULLINAHONE, a town, in the parish of KILVEMNON, barony of SLIEVARDAGH, county of TIPPERARY, and province of MUNSTER, 4 3/4 miles (S. S. W.) from Callan, on the road to Fethard; containing about 210 houses and 1175 inhabitants. It derives considerable traffic from its situation on a public thoroughfare, and is the resting-place for the carmen in their journey from Carrick-on-Suir to the colliery district around Ballingarry. A market for butter of excellent quality is held on Thursday, and great quantities are purchased by the Carrick, Kilkenny, and Clonmel merchants. Fairs are also held on the 1st of May and the first Thursday in December, for stock of all kinds, and are remarkably well attended; great numbers of pigs are sold. A constabulary police force is stationed in the town, in which are also a R. C. chapel and a dispensary. There are some remains of an ancient building, supposed to have been a monastery.

MULLINAVAT, a village, in the parish of KILBEACON, barony of KNOCKTOPHER, county of KILKENNY, and province of LEINSTER, 7 miles (S. by E.) from Knocktopher, on the road from Kilkenny to Waterford; containing 195 inhabitants. It consists of 39 houses, and contains one of the chapels of the R. C. union or district of Kilmacow. It is a constabulary police station; and fairs are held on Easter-Tuesday, Sept. 3rd, Oct. 28th, and Dec. 9th.

MULLINGAR, a market and assize town, and a parish, partly in the barony of FARTULLAGH, but chiefly in that of MOYASHEL and MAGHERADERNON, county of WESTMEATH, and province of LEINSTER, 20 miles (S. E.) from Longford, and 39 (W. by N.) from Dublin; containing 8869 inhabitants, of which number, 4295 are in the town. This was one of the ancient palatinate towns founded by the English settlers of Meath. In 1227, Ralph le Petyt, Bishop of Meath, founded a priory here for canons regular of the order of St. Augustine, which was dedicated to the Blessed Virgin, and was long designated the "House of God of Mullingar." A Dominican friary was founded here in 1237, by the family of Nugent, which attained such celebrity that general chapters of the order were repeatedly held in it. In 1329, Lord Thomas Butler was attacked near this town by Mac Geoghegan, and after an obstinate resistance was defeated and slain; and in 1464 the town was burned and destroyed by the people of Managh. Queen Elizabeth, in 1583, granted to the inhabitants a patent for holding two fairs of three days each, the tolls of which were to be appropriated to the fortification of the town, which lay exposed to the enemy. The monks of Multifarnham, in 1622, commenced the erection of a Franciscan friary, but it was never completed; the two previous religious establishments continued to subsist till the reign of Elizabeth, when they were finally dissolved. In 1661, the castle, the two dissolved monasteries, with the town and adjacent lands, were by royal charter granted to Sir Arthur Forbes, ancestor of the Earl of Granard, and erected into a manor, with very extensive privileges; and for better peopling the said manor, the town of Mullingar was by the same charter constituted the assize town for the county. In the war of the revolution, the town was fortified by Gen. de Ginkel, and became the principal rendezvous of William's forces. From this place he led 2000 horse and 1000 foot against the Irish adherents of James II., who had encamped at Ballymore; and it was also the headquarters of William's army preparatory to the siege of Athlone.

The town is finely situated on the river Brosna, nearly in the centre of the county and of Ireland, and in a fertile and open tract, about halfway between Lough Hoyle and Lough Ennel; it is partly encircled on the north by the royal canal from which it derives a great increase of trade; and the road to Sligo, which passes through it, affords additional facilities of communication. It consists of one principal street, about a mile in length, from which several smaller streets branch off in various directions; and contains 785 houses, most of which are handsome and well built of stone and roofed with slate. There are barracks for infantry, adapted for 39 officers and 990 non-commissioned officers and privates, with stabling for 21 horses, and an hospital for 80 patients. The principal trade is in wool, for which this is the greatest mart in the county, its central situation and facility of communication with the Shannon and with Dublin having rendered it the commercial centre of a wide extent of country. There are an extensive brewery and malting establishment, and two large tanneries. The market is on Thursday, and is amply supplied; large quantities of butter are sold in firkins, and oats and frieze are also purchased extensively. The fairs are on April 6th, July 4th, Aug. 29th, and Nov. 11th, for wool, horses, horned cattle and pigs; that in November is a great horse fair, at which many English buyers attend. The market-house is a neat and commodious building in the centre of the town.

The charter of Chas. II., granting the manor to Sir Arthur Forbes, created no corporation, nor are any officers elected; the lord of the manor is empowered to appoint a clerk of the market, and the business of the town is conducted by his seneschal. The charter conferred on the freeholders of the manor the right of returning two members to the Irish parliament, which they continued to do till the Union, when the franchise was abolished. The seneschal holds a court leet and baron every Thursday, at the latter of which debts to the amount of 40s. are recoverable; and a court of record, with jurisdiction to the extent of £100. The assizes are held here at the usual periods; the general quarter sessions for the county in January, April, July, and October; and petty sessions by the county magistrates every Saturday. A chief constabulary police force is stationed in the town. The court-house is a neat and well-arranged building; and the county goal, erected at the southern extremity of the town in 1828, comprises 9 wards, with day and work-rooms and airing-yards, adapted for the classification of the prisoners; 100 sleeping cells, a treadmill, infirmary, chapel, and every requisite office; the governor's house is in front, and commands a view of all the wards. The old prison is now used for females only, and contains 90 sleeping cells, and two day-rooms. The county infirmary is a spacious and well-arranged building, situated on the Dublin road and is open to patients of all kinds except such as are labouring under infectious diseases.

The parish is 85 miles in length from east to west, and extends in breadth from the shore of Lough Hoyle, on the north, to that of Lough Ennel, on the south; comprising 17,008 statute acres of profitable land. The system of agriculture is in an unimproved state; there is not much waste land, but a considerable quantity of bog; stone of good quality for building is quarried. Lough Hoyle is situated nearly in the centre, and in the most elevated part of the county, in the description of which it is more particularly noticed. The principal seats are Anne Brook, the residence of R. Barlow, Esq. M. D.; Bellevue, of T. Walsh, Esq.; Belmount, of W. Reilly, Esq.; Ladiston, of J. C. Lyons, Esq.; Green park, the property of Sir Geo. Hodson, now occupied by the Rev. Mr. Browne; and Levington Park, of R. H. Levinge, Esq. The living is a vicarage, in the diocese of Meath, and in the patronage of the Crown; the rectory is impropriate in the Trustees of the Blue-coat Hospital, Dublin. The tithes amount to £800, of which £415 is payable to the impropriators, and the remainder to the vicar. The glebe-house was erected in 1812, at an expense of £1327, of which £100 was a gift, and £675 a loan, from the late Board of First Fruits, and the remainder was paid by the late incumbent: adjoining it, and close to the church, is the glebe, comprising 1 3/4 acre, valued at £30 per annum. The church, a spacious cruciform structure in the later English style, with a handsome tower and spire, was rebuilt on an enlarged scale in 1813, at an expense of £3554, of which £2261 was raised by parochial assessment, £185 was a donation from the Trustees of the Blue-Coat Hospital, and the remainder a loan from the late Board of First Fruits: the Ecclesiastical Commissioners have recently granted £187 for its repair. In the R. C. divisions the parish is the head of a union or district, comprising also the parishes of Lynn, Moylisker, and part of the parish of Carrick, together forming the mensal of the Bishop, whose residence is here. The chapel is a handsome edifice, in the later English style, erected in 1836 on a commanding eminence, capable of containing 6000 persons, and furnished with a very fine organ; there is also a chapel at Walshestown, and one at Gainstown, in the parish of Lynn. A small convent for nuns of the order of the Presentation has been established. There are places of worship for Presbyterians and Wesleyan Methodists. About 700 children are taught in three public schools, of which the Diocesan school is supported partly by endowment, and partly by the clergy of the diocese; and there are eight private schools, in which are about 250 children. There are numerous Danish raths in the parish; at Kinna are the ruins of an ancient church, in which the Hodsons of Green Park are interred; at Beardstown are the ruins of an ancient fortress, and also at Balthrasna; several coins and ornaments of gold have been found in the neighbourhood, and, in a bog near the town, a torques of pure gold, weighing 11 oz. The head of the family of Petit was anciently styled Baron of Mullingar, which title was also conferred by Wm. III. on Duke Schomberg, whom he created Duke of Leinster.

MULLINS (ST.), a parish, partly in the barony of BANTRY, county of WEXFORD, but chiefly in that of ST. MULLINS, county of CARLOW, and province of LEINSTER, 2 1/2 miles (E.) from Graigue, on the road to Enniscorthy, and on the river Barrow; containing 5895 inhabitants. Its name is derived from the ancient monastery founded here by St. Moling, or Mullin, at a place called Aghacainid, subsequently Teighmolin, or "St. Mullin's House," about the year 632, or, according to some historians, in the middle of the seventh century. St. Moling, being a native of this part of the island and of the royal race of Leinster, was afterwards made bishop of Ferns. In 951, the church was plundered by the Danes, and the abbey was destroyed by fire in 1138. The remains of the ancient edifices, and the present parish church, occupy a beautiful situation on the eastern bank of the river Barrow, at a spot where its banks are finely elevated, on the opposite side well wooded, and where a small stream merges into it from a deep defile that extends to the church from the village of Glynn, presenting some picturesque scenes. The parish comprises 13,174 statute acres, of which 998 are common, 423 woodland, 671 waste, 1475 bog, and the remainder arable; it derives considerable facility for the transit of its produce from the Barrow navigation. Road sessions are held in Glascany; and fairs at St. Mullins on June 17th and July 25th for the sale of general farming stock. It is an impropriate cure, in the diocese of Leighlin, and in the patronage of Caesar Colclough, Esq., in whom the rectory is impropriate. The tithes amount to £600, entirely payable to the impropriator, who allows the curate £32. 6. 1 3/4. per annum. The glebe-house was built by a gift of £380, and a loan of £450, from the late Board of First Fruits; the glebe comprises 57 acres. The church is a plain building, erected in 1811 by aid of a gift of £800 from the same Board, and has recently been repaired by aid of a grant of £185 from the Ecclesiastical Commissioners; it contains some elegant monuments to the Kavanagh family. In the R. C. divisions the parish is partly in the union or district of Borris, and partly a district in itself, containing chapels at Glinn and Drummond. There are three national schools, in which about 790 children are taught; and two private schools, in which are about 120 children. The remains of the ancient buildings consist of the ruins of five small plain structures in the churchyard, extending from east to west, with two walls, once forming part of a sixth, and the broken walls of a seventh outside the enclosure: there is little worthy of notice in these ruins: at the east of the largest are the remains of a stone cross and of a small roofless building, with two steps descending into it. Numerous memorials exist of the Kavanaghs and other ancient Irish families; and a holy well is enclosed by a stone wall, round which the country people do penance.

MULLOGH, a hamlet, in the parish of KILMURRY, barony of IBRICKANE, county of CLARE, and province of MUNSTER; containing 17 houses and 96 inhabitants. Here is a R. C. chapel, belonging to the district of Milltown.

MULLOGH, or MOYLAGH, a parish, in the barony of IFFA and OFFA WEST, county of TIPPERARY, and province of MUNSTER, 6 miles (S. W.) from Clonmel; containing 746 inhabitants. This parish, which is situated on the river Suir, was the site of a monastery founded for nuns of the order of St. Augustine, and dedicated to St. Bridget, which, on the general suppression of religious houses, was granted to Sir Henry Radcliffe. Kenilworth, the occasional residence of R. B. H. Low, Esq., is the only seat in the parish. An annual fair is held by consent at the village of Newcastle. The parish, for all ecclesiastical purposes, forms part of the vicarage of Newcastle, in the diocese of Lismore; the whole of the tithes are impropriate in H. P. Gard, Esq., under a patent of James I. There are some slight remains of the old church.

MULRANKIN, a parish, in the barony of BARGY, county of WEXFORD, and province of LEINSTER, 7 miles (S. by W.) from Wexford, on the roads to Kilmore and Duncormuck: containing 996 inhabitants. It is intersected by a small stream called the Bridgetown river, which flows into the lough formed by the Burrow of Ballyteigue; and it comprises 2182 statute acres, the greater portion of which is under tillage. The soil is in general fertile, and the state of agriculture much improved. Portions of a moor, chiefly common land, have been reclaimed with great industry, and built on, by the peasantry, although the soil is very poor; and in this extensive tract there now remain only about 40 plantation acres of waste: there are some good dairy farms in the parish. At Rathyark are extensive limestone quarries and limekilns, which supply an abundance of manure for the neighbourhood; limestone is also found on the glebe. Fairs are held on March 9th, April 13th, June 19th, Aug. 12th, and Nov. 30th, chiefly for cattle. The seats are Brideswell, the occasional residence of Lady King; and Mulrankin glebe, the residence of the Rev. Wm. Hickie, author of several popular works on the agriculture and rural economy of Ireland. The living is a rectory, in the diocese of Ferns, united from time immemorial with the rectories of Kilmannan and Killag, and the vicarage of Kilcowan, together constituting the union of Mulrankin, in the patronage of the Bishop. The tithes amount to £173.12.10., and of the entire benefice to £539. 13. 8 1/2.; the glebe comprises 34a. 1r. 22p. of good land; and the glebe-house, towards the erection of which the late Board of First Fruits gave £100, in 1813, is one of the largest and best in the diocese. The church, a plain building without either tower or spire, has been lately condemned as unworthy of repair, and a new church is about to be erected by the Ecclesiastical Commissioners. In the R. C. divisions the parish forms part of the union or district of Kilmore; there is a chapel on the moor, with a residence for the R. C. curate, for whom also about four acres of the common have been enclosed and brought into cultivation. A parochial school is supported by the rector, who has also established an evening school for adults; and adjoining the chapel is a national school. Mr. Lett, many years since, bequeathed £50, which was paid to the Board of Charitable Bequests, and the interest is distributed among the poor of Mulrankin, Maglass, and Kilmannan. The ruins of the castle of Mulrankin still remain, but. those of Bridgetown have been lately taken down; the former of these castles, before the confiscations of the 17th century, belonged to the family of Brown, and the latter to that of Keating. -- See BRIDGETOWN.

MULTIFARNHAM, or MOLEYFARNAM, also called MULTIFERNAM, a parish, in the barony of CORKAREE, county of WESTMEATH, and province of LEINSTER, 6 miles (N.) from Mullingar, on the road from Edgeworth's-town and Longford to Castletown-Delvin; containing 1473 inhabitants, of which number, 213 are in the village. The abbey here was founded, in 1236, by William Delamere, or De la Mar, for Conventual Franciscans. In the 13th of Hen. IV., on account of its open and exposed situation to the sept of the O'Farrels, Maurice de la Mar obtained a grant of tolls for fortifying the bridge of Multifarnham. In 1460, it was reformed by the friars of the Strict Observance: and in 1529 a provincial chapter of the order was held here. This religious establishment is remarkable for having been maintained in its early splendour until a later period than any other, for, although formally dissolved by Hen. VIII., those to whom it was granted did not dispossess the monks, who, in 1622, even attempted the establishment of a branch of their society at Mullingar; and here they preserved all the images, pictures, reliques, &c., which had previously belonged to their church, and their full choir, and hospitable household. From the actual convenience of the place and its central situation, the abbey became the chief place in which the plans for the civil war of 1641 were debated on and settled; nor did these preparatory meetings pass without observation at the time. In the reign of Chas. II., the expelled monks took up their quarters in the vicinity, whence they were driven on the alleged discovery of the plot. The ruins, including the conventual church, are characterised by neatness and compactness rather than by loftiness or splendour; but from the midst, between the nave and chancel, rises a slender steeple to the height of about 90 feet.

The parish comprises 3748 statute acres, as applotted under the tithe act. The system of agriculture is improving; there is now no waste land, and very little bog, fuel being brought from the opposite side of Lough Dereveragh by water. Limestone and building stone are abundant. A patent exists for holding a court leet for the manor of Multifarnham, but it is not now held; petty sessions are held on alternate Wednesdays. The village comprises 33 houses, and is a constabulary police station; it has a penny-post to Mullingar, and fairs are held on March 4th, May 13th, Sept. 1st, and Dec. 2nd, for the sale of cattle, sheep, and pigs. Lough Dereveragh, or Direvreagh, receives at its northern end the river Inny; and the stream called the Gane, or Gain, also runs into the lake, the extensive shores of which are divided among the baronies of Demifore, Corkaree, and Moygoysh; it is long, winding, and irregular in form, so that its entire - surface cannot be seen from any one point. One of the branches on the east presents some scenes of picturesque beauty, having on one shore the hill of Knockross, and on the other that of Knock Eyen, or Ion, which presents an almost perpendicular face for nearly half its height. The water underneath is exceedingly deep; and about halfway to the summit is an ancient chapel, dedicated to St. Eyen, or Keyon; a spring, issuing from the rock forming one side of which, is the object of pilgrimages by the peasantry of the surrounding country. From the summit of the hill, both the eastern and western sea maybe discerned, and a vast and varied extent of country both to the north and south. On the shore of this piece of water, in a delightful situation, environed by rich plantations, stands Donore, the seat of Sir Percy Nugent, Bart. Around the lake are also Mornington, the seat of Owen Daly, Esq.; Ballincloon, of P. E. Murphy, Esq.; Lacken, of Mrs. Delamar; and Coolure, of Admiral the Hon. Sir T. Pakenham. It is a rectory, in the diocese of Meath, forming part of the union of Taghmon, and is also included within the perpetual curacy of Stonehall: the tithes amount to £170. The glebe-house and glebe belong to the perpetual curacy. In the R. C. divisions it is the head of a union or district, comprising also those of Lacken, Leney, and Portneshangan: there are two small chapels, quite inadequate for the congregations; a friary chapel also is attached to the old abbey, and near it is a convent for Friars of the order of St. Francis. About 40 boys and 20 girls are taught in a private school. In a beautiful situation, on the eastern bank of the lake, formerly stood Fahalty, the retreat of Mortimer, Earl of March, and Lord of Meath, in the reign of Hen. IV.: he and his lady, Philippa, daughter of Lionel, Duke of Clarence, third son of Edw. III., made this place their principal residence. The family of Nugent are buried within the abbey of Multifarnham, and their armorial bearings are carved on a stone fixed in the wall.

MULTOSE (ST.). -- See KINSALE.

MUNCHIN (ST.), a parish, partly in the barony of BUNRATTY, county of CLARE, but chiefly in the North liberties of the city of LIMERICK, and province of MUNSTER, on the river Shannon, and immediately adjoining the city; containing 3883 inhabitants. This parish, which is divided into two parts by the intervening parishes of St. Nicholas and Killeely, comprises 3633 statute acres of arable and pasture land, exclusively of about 640 acres of waste and bog: excellent building stone is found within its limits. That portion of the city which stands on King's Island is chiefly in this parish, and is connected with the North liberties by the ancient bridge of Thomond, now about to be taken down and rebuilt by the Board of Public Works. The seats are Castle Park, the residence of C. Delmege, Esq.; Ballygrennan, of Rich. Smyth, Esq.; and Clonmacken, the property of the Marquess of Lansdowne, at present unoccupied. It is in contemplation to erect several respectable residences at Kilrush, in the North liberties, in consequence of the facility of communication with the city recently afforded by the erection of Wellesley bridge. The living is a rectory and vicarage, in the diocese of Limerick, united to the rectory and vicarage of Killelonehan and the rectory of Drehidtarsna, together constituting the corps of the prebend of St. Munchin in the cathedral of Limerick, and in the gift of the bishop: the tithes amount to £276. 18. 6 1/2., and the gross value of the prebend is £455. 13. 8. There is a glebe-house, with a glebe of 5 acres, but the former has been condemned by the Ecclesiastical Commissioners. The church stands near Thomond bridge, on the southern bank of the Shannon: it was erected in 1827, nearly on the site of the ancient edifice, which is said to have been built so early as the year 561, and to have been once the cathedral of the diocese. Tradition states that it was burnt by the Danes, in apparent confirmation of which a stratum of ashes was found on removing the foundation in 1827. The present church is a neat structure with a square tower surmounted by pinnacles, erected at an expense of about £1400, of which £900 was a loan from the late Board of First Fruits, and the remainder was defrayed by subscription. A fine view of the Shannon is obtained from the churchyard. In the R. C. divisions the parish is partly in the union or district of Thomond Gate, comprising also parts of St. Nicholas and Killeely, and containing the chapel of St. Lelia near Thomond Gate, a substantial and spacious building, erected in 1798; and a small chapel at Woodthorpe: the remainder of St. Munchin's parish is in the Limerick district. On King's island are the remains of an ancient Dominican friary, near which a nunnery has been established: attached is a large school for girls, who are gratuitously instructed by the ladies of the convent. Near the church is a range of almshouses and schools, endowed by Mrs. Hannah Villiers, and erected by her trustees in 1826. The building, which is in the Elizabethan style, consists of a centre and two projecting wings, the former being surmounted by a cupola: it contains apartments for 12 poor widows, each of whom receives £24 Irish per annum; and there are two school-rooms. The master receives £30, and the mistress £25, per annum. Under a recent decree in chancery the trustees are about to establish a Protestant female orphan school, for the maintenance and education of 20 poor children. Near the north end of Thomond bridge is an ancient stone on which it is said the treaty of Limerick was signed: it is still called the "treaty stone." The churchyard is supposed to have been the burial-place of St. Munchin, the first Bishop of Limerick; the church contains a monument to Bishop Smyth, who lived, died, and was buried in this parish, and it is the burial-place of the family of Smyth, ennobled in the person of the present Lord Gort.

MUNGRETT, a parish, partly in the barony of POBBLEBRIEN, county of LIMERICK, but chiefly in the county of the city of LIMERICK, and province of MUNSTER, 3 miles (W.) from Limerick, on the road to Adare; containing 3475 inhabitants. An abbey is said to have been founded here in the 4th century, prior to the arrival of St. Patrick in Munster, who, it appears, placed over it St. Nessan, who died in 551. He was succeeded by St. Manchin, nephew of Bloid, King of Thomond, who was ordered by St. Patrick, on account of his unexampled piety and extensive learning, to undertake the instruction of his converts in Connaught, and afterwards became the first Bishop of Limerick. The abbey was plundered and burned by the Danes in 820, 834, and 840, and in 934 and 1080 suffered severely by fire; it was soon after restored, but was plundered and sacked by the Danes in 1107. After its restoration from this last attack, it continued to flourish till the dissolution, after which the greater portion of its possessions were granted to the bishop and dignitaries of the cathedral of St. Mary, Limerick. The Psalter of Cashel states that this monastery had within its walls six churches, and, exclusively of numerous scholars, 1500 monks, of whom 500 were learned preachers, 500 psalmists, and 500 wholly employed in spiritual exercises. The Knights Templars had also an establishment here, which, on the suppression of that order, was granted to the monks of the Augustinian abbey. The parish, which is bounded on the north by the river Shannon, comprises 5927 statute acres, as applotted under the tithe act; the greater part of the land is under tillage, and towards the Shannon are some extensive and luxuriant meadows. The soil is fertile, and the system of agriculture improved. Near the church is a turlough of about 42 acres, called Loughmore, which in winter is an entire sheet of water, and in summer a fine common. The lands are well fenced in some parts, and in others enclosed by broken stone walls: there are two very valuable bogs, comprising together about 150 acres. A considerable portion of the parish belongs to the see of Limerick; the late country residence of the bishop, called Cunegar, situated in the centre of a fertile district, has been purchased, under the Church Temporalities act, by Charles Wilson, Esq., and is now in the occupation of a farmer: the entrance lodge has been converted into a barrack for the constabulary police force stationed here.

The living is a rectory and vicarage, in the diocese of Limerick; the rectory forms part of the union of St. Mary and corps of the deanery of Limerick; the vicarage is in the patronage of the Dean. The tithes amount to £725, of which two-thirds are payable to the Dean and the remainder to the vicar. The glebe-house, belonging to the vicarage, was built in 1826; the glebe comprises 7 1/2 acres, besides which are 2 1/2 acres belonging to the deanery. The church, a small but handsome cruciform edifice, in the later English style, with an octagonal tower crowned with battlements and crocketed pinnacles, was built in 1822, and the late Board of First Fruits contributed a gift of £300 towards its erection. In the R. C. divisions the parish is the head of a union or district, called also Loughmore, and comprising also the parishes of Crecora and Knocknegaul, and part of the parish of Kilpeacon. The chapel, situated at Lough more, is a small thatched building. There are three private schools, in which are about 90 children. The remains of the ancient monastery consist of the walls of the church, divided into three unequal portions communicating with each other by low arches; the eastern gable of the choir has a narrow pointed window; the nave, which is large, is lighted by windows of similar character, and at the north-east angle of the western portion is a slender, square, embattled tower. To the east of this are the ruins of another church; and about 300 yards distant from it are the remains of a tower and gateway. About 150 yards north of the church is a massive well-built edifice, about 50 feet in length and 30 broad, with lofty walls and pointed gables, lighted by one narrow circular-headed window at the east end, and entered by a square-headed doorway on the west. There are also extensive foundations of buildings in the adjoining fields, at a considerable depth beneath the surface, and occasionally discovered by the plough. About half a mile to the north of the parish church is Temple Mungrett, around which are traces of extensive ancient buildings, formerly the hospital of the Knights Templars, and afterwards the mansion-house of the prior of Mungrett. Near the eastern boundary of the parish, opposite to Ballincurra, are the ruins of a hermitage, afterwards an hospital for lepers.

MUNTERCONNAUGHT, a parish, in the barony of CASTLERAHAN, county of CAVAN, and province of ULSTER, 4 miles (N. by. E.) from Oldcastle, on the road from Kells to Ballyjamesduff; containing 2969 inhabitants. This parish is on the confines of the county of Meath, and comprises, according to the Ordnance survey, 7432 3/4 statute acres, of which 5828 are applotted under the tithe act, and 965 1/2 are in Lough Ramor. It is a rectory and vicarage, in the diocese of Kilmore, forming part of the union of Lurgan: the tithes amount to £148. The church is a very neat building, erected in 1832, by a gift of £900 from the late Board of First Fruits. In the R. C. divisions it is part of the union of Castlerahan and Munterconnaught: the chapel is a good stone building. About 140 children are educated in a school aided by subscriptions; and there are three private schools, in which are about 160 children. Here was anciently an hospital, the endowment of which was granted by James I. to Sir Edward Moore.

MURHIR, a parish, in the barony of IRAGHTICONNOR, county of KERRY, and province of MUNSTER, 4 1/2 miles (S.) from Tarbert; containing 2978 inhabitants. This parish is situated on the river Gale, and on the confines of the county of Limerick; it comprises 7664 statute acres, as applotted under the tithe act, consisting chiefly of coarse "pasture land; there is a large portion of bog, also some arable land, producing tolerable corn crops. It chiefly belongs to Trinity College, Dublin. The principal residence is Moyvane, the property of Baron Foster, now occupied by Mr. Enright. The parish is in the diocese of Ardfert and Aghadoe; the rectory is impropriate in Anthony Stoughton, Esq., and the vicarage forms part of the union of Aghavallin. The tithes amount to £143. 1. 7., of which £95. 7. 8. is payable to the impropriator, and the remainder to the vicar. In the R. C. divisions it is part of the union or district of Newtown-Sandes, a village in this parish, (which see), where the chapel is situated.

MURRAGH, or MORAGH, a parish, in the barony of KINALMEAKY, county of CORK, and province of

MUNSTER, 6 miles (N. W. by W.) from Bandon, on the mail coach road to Dunmanway; containing 3270 inhabitants. About two-thirds of it are under cultivation; the land, though mostly light, is good, but very badly tilled, agriculture not being systematically followed, except by a few gentlemen. An extensive and valuable bog at Maulnadrought, the property, of Sir Augustus Warren, Bart., supplies this part of the country with fuel. Here are extensive flour-mills, the property of A. B. Bernard, Esq., employing 20 persons, and grinding, with those of Morah Bridge, 12,000 barrels of wheat annually. Nucestown, which was sacked and destroyed in the war of 1641, has ever since remained a poor, neglected, and ruinous place; it is a constabulary police station, and has fairs on Jan. 8th, Whit-Tuesday, Oct. 15th, and Dec. 14th, for cattle, pigs, pedlery, and farming implements. The river Bandon bounds the parish on the south; and the formation of a canal from Collier's quay, about four miles below Bandon, to Dunmanway, a line of about 18 miles, passing through this parish, has been contemplated; but the design appears to be for the present suspended. The principal seats are the glebe-house, the residence of the Rev. R. K. St. Lawrence; Farnalough, of H. Herrick, Esq.; and Killyneas Cottage, of the Rev. J. Murphy. The living is a rectory and vicarage, in the diocese of Cork, and in the patronage of the Bishop: the tithes amount to £851. The glebe-house is a handsome and commodious residence, built by aid of a gift of £100, and a loan of £850, in 1810, from the late Board of First Fruits; it is situated in a beautifully picturesque part of the vale of Bandon, and is designed and embellished with much taste: the glebe comprises 37 acres. The church, situated at Farren-Thomas, is a large neat edifice, in the early English style of architecture, with a square tower; it crowns the summit of the lofty ridge which rises from the north side of the river Bandon, and is nearly in the centre of the parish; it was erected by aid of a loan of £550 from the same Board, in 1810. In the R. C. divisions the parish is the head of a union or district, comprising also the parish of Kinneigh, and containing two chapels; that of Murragh, situated at Nucestown, is a spacious edifice. About 20 children are educated in the parochial school, which has an acre of ground rent-free: there are four private schools, in which are about 130 children, and a Sunday school under the rector. Robert Lisson, Esq., by will, gave £5 per annum to poor Protestant parishioners, which was to be paid out of his estate of Roughgrove, in the parish of Kilbrogan, and distributed annually by the incumbent. In the churchyard is a large sepulchral tumulus, of unknown origin. The former church stood close to the edge of the river; the waters, in consequence, gradually undermined the bank, and destroyed the building, though it had not been many years erected; the present church, built on a different site, forms a conspicuous object for many miles round.

MURROE, a village, in that part of the parish of ABINGTON which is in the barony of OWNEYBEG, county of LIMERICK, and province of MUNSTER, 8 miles (E. S. E.) from Limerick, on the road from Abington to Newport; containing 41 dwellings and 256 inhabitants. This little village stands near the boundary of the counties of Tipperary and Limerick, in the vicinity of the Slieve-Phelim range of mountains; though very favourably situated for trade, it is a poor, neglected place. It is a constabulary police station; and has fairs on April 29th, and Oct. 27th. Here is a R. C. chapel, a large handsome building; also a dispensary.

MURROGHKELLY, a village, in the parish of GLANINAGH, barony of BURREN, county of CLARE, and province of MUNSTER; containing 15 houses and 101 inhabitants.

MURROGHTWOHY, a village, in the parish of GLANINAGH, barony of BURREN, county of CLARE, and province of MUNSTER; containing 35 houses and 212 inhabitants.

MUTTON ISLAND, county of CLARE. -- See ENNISKERRY.

MUTTON ISLAND, in the parish of ST. NICHOLAS, county of the town of GALWAY, and province of CONNAUGHT, 1 mile (S.) from Galway: the population is returned with the parish. This small island, comprising but two acres, and inhabited only by the persons who have the care of the lighthouse, is situated in the harbour of Galway, and connected with the mainland by a sand bank, dry at low water, which is the ordinary roadstead of Galway. After the taking of Galway in 1691, by the troops of Wm. III., it was deemed of such importance that £1000 was expended in building a fort and repairing the castle, on the suggestion of the governor, without which he stated that the shipping could not lie in safety in the bay. A lighthouse has been erected on the island, the lantern of which has an elevation of 33 feet above the level of the sea at high water, and displays a brilliant fixed light, visible at a distance of nine nautical miles. To the west of the island is a ledge of rock extending about a cable's length; the anchorage for small vessels is on the east side, about two cables' length from the shore, when the middle of the island is on a line with Blackhead. Vessels drawing more than 12 feet of water must ride more to the southeast, keeping Blackhead fairly open with the island, and the steeple of Galway church bearing north.

MYLERSTOWN, a parish, in the barony of CARBERY, county of KILDARE, and province of LEINSTER, 2 miles (E.) from Edenderry, on: the road to Kinnegad; containing 874 inhabitants. It is a vicarage, in the diocese of Kildare, forming part, of the union of Carbery; the rectory is impropriate in the Marquess of Downshire. The tithes amount to £73. 13. 10 1/4., of which £53. 2. 7. is payable to the impropriator, and the rest to the vicar. In the R. C. divisions it forms part of the union or district of Cadamstown. In a private school at Calfstown about 50 children are taught. Ballinderry House is the residence of the Misses Tyrrell. There are some ruins of an ancient castle.

MYNISHMORE, an island, in the parish and barony of BURRISHOOLE, county of MAYO, and province of CONNAUGHT, 8 miles (W.) from Newport-Pratt; containing 80 inhabitants. This island, which is so called to distinguish it from the smaller island of Mynishbeg, is situated in Clew bay, and is the most western of the islands in that bay which are within the limits of the parish. It is a coast-guard station, and one of the six constituting the district of Westport.

MYROSS, a parish, in the Eastern Division of the barony of WEST CARBERY, county of CORK, and province of MUNSTER, 6 miles (S. W. by W.) from Ross; containing, with the village of Union-Hall, (which see) 3459 inhabitants. Here was formerly the abbey of Maure, or of the Clear Spring, founded in 1172 by Dermod McCormac McCarthy, King of Desmond, for Cistertian monks; the foundations of the buildings, and the burial-ground, may be traced at Carrigiliky. The parish forms an obtuse peninsula between Castlehaven and the harbour of Glandore, having the main ocean to the south; it comprises 3319 statute acres, as applotted under the tithe act, and valued at £3333 per annum. The surface is very uneven, but the land in general is fertile, producing excellent crops of corn, flax, and potatoes; the more elevated parts, however, afford only scanty pasturage for cattle; there is very little waste or bog: near the centre of the parish are some interesting lakes. Agriculture is much improving, particularly near Brade and Myross Wood, the rector having introduced the most improved implements. The soil is generally shallow, resting upon a substratum of schist, in some places rising into hills of considerable elevation. Considerable efforts are now being made to work the slate more efficiently: many of the inhabitants are engaged in the fishery. A fair for cattle is held on Holy Thursday. Myross Wood, the demesne of F. H. Coppinger, Esq., is very large, extending northward to the Leap, and affording the best woodland in the barony; Clantaffe is the residence of R. Townsend, Esq.; Bunlahan, of Major Powell; Brade, of the Rev. E. P. Thompson; Union Hall, of Capt. Somerville; Ballincolla, of Capt. Lyster; and Rock Cottage, of J. French, Esq. The living is a rectory and vicarage, in the diocese of Ross, and in the patronage of the Bishop: the tithes amount to £500. The church is a very handsome cruciform edifice, with a tower: it occupies a gentle eminence, near the western termination of Glandore harbour, having been erected on that new site in 1827, at a cost of £900, a gift from the late Board of First Fruits, at which time this living was separated from those of Kilmacabea and Kilfaughnabeg: the present situation was adopted from its contiguity to the village of Union Hall. In the R. C. divisions the parish forms part of the union or district of Castlehaven, or Castle-Townsend: the chapel, near Union Hall, is a large plain edifice, erected in 1830. The parochial schools, which are aided by the incumbent, who also supports a Sunday school, are situated in Union-Hall, as also is a national school for females; and about 170 children are educated in three private schools. On a lofty eminence, above the wood of Myross, are the remains of the church of the union, which was left to fall to decay in 1827: it occupied the site of the abbey De Fonte Vivo, or "the clear spring," being near the sea shore, on the south-western side of the parish. On the haven, opposite to Castle-Townsend, are the ruins of Rahene castle, which in former times protected this ferry; and about a mile to the east are fragments of Castle Ire, on a bold and commanding eminence. At Rock cottage, now the residence of J. French, Esq., Dean Swift wrote his poem of "Carberiae Rupes."

MYSHALL, a parish, partly in the barony of IDRONE EAST, but chiefly in that of FORTH, county of CARLOW, and province of LEINSTER, 8 miles (E. S. E.) from Leighlin-bridge, on the road from Newtown-Barry to Bagnalstown, and on the north side of the river Burren; containing 2874 inhabitants, of which number, 123 are in the village. The parish comprises 9220 statute acres, as applotted under the tithe act, and valued at £4744 per annum. There is a great deal of waste mountain land, and much bog; but agriculture is improving. There are quarries which yield stone for building. The village consists of 19 houses; it has a penny post to Leighlin-Bridge, and is a constabulary police station; petty sessions are held on alternate Wednesdays, and road sessions four times in the year. Fairs are held on May 10th and Sept. 14th, for cattle, sheep and pigs. Myshall Lodge is the residence of J. Brody, Esq.; and Holly-brook, of A. Bloomfield Feltus, Esq. The living is a rectory and vicarage, in the diocese of Leighlin, and in the patronage of the Bishop: the tithes amount to £400. There are six statute acres of glebe, on which stands the glebe-house. The church is a plain building, towards the repairs of which the Ecclesiastical Commissioners have recently granted £203; it was built in 1811, by aid of a gift of £800 from the late Board of First Fruits. In the R. C. divisions the parish is the head of a union or district, comprising the parishes of Myshall and Fennagh, in each of which is a chapel; that of Myshall is a neat building, kept in excellent order. There is a school at Shangarry, of which the house, a good stone building, was erected at an expense of £200, partly by government and partly by subscription; and one at Myshall, in which are about 150 children. There is also a private school of about 130 children. The ruins of the old church, overgrown with ivy, are situated on the townland of Myshall, and have a burial-ground annexed; there is also a burial-ground on the townland of Ballaghmore. At Knockrimah is a chalybeate spa.

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