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IBERIUS (ST.), a parish, in the barony of FORTH, county of WEXFORD, and province of LEINSTER; containing, with the post-town of Broadway, 543 inhabitants. It is situated at the head of Lady's Island Lake, and comprises 562 plantation acres, the property of G. W. Nunn, Esq. The living is an impropriate cure, in the diocese of Ferns, united to that of St. Mary's or Lady's Island, and together constituting the union of St. Iberius, in the patronage of the Bishop; the rectory is impropriate in the Earl of Portsmouth. The tithes amount to £59.17. 4 1/2., of which £22.18.11. is payable to the impropriator, and the remainder to the incumbent, who receives a stipend of £2 per annum for discharging the clerical duties of St. Mary's or Lady's Island. At Doyle's Cross is a meeting-house for Wesleyan Methodists. In the R. C. divisions the parish forms part of the union or district of Lady's Island.

IBERIUS (ST.).--See WEXFORD.

ICANE.--See ISLAND ICANE.

IGHTERMURRAGH, or IGHTERMORROGH, a parish, in the barony of IMOKILLY, county of CORK, and province of MUNSTER, 2 1/2 miles (S. E.) from Castlemartyr, on Youghal bay; containing 2627 inhabitants. It comprises 5362 acres, valued at £4452 per annum. The soil is excellent, being a light loam based upon limestone, and in a good state of cultivation. Here is a considerable manufacture of straw plat. The principal seats are Carew's Wood, an elegant villa, the property of the Earl of Shannon, and now the residence of the Rev. J. Leslie; Knockane, of T. Gard, Esq., M. D.; Lisquinlan, of the Rev. C. Harte, A. M., situated on the summit of a peninsula, in the midst of beautiful and extensive plantations; and Castle Richard, of R. Fitzgerald, Esq., near which are the remains of the ancient castle of Inchicrenagh, a fine old tower of excellent masonry in good preservation; on the wall of one of the arches is an inscription bearing date 1592, with the initials T. G.; it was built by the great Earl of Desmond, and was the seat of the seneschals of Imokilly, ancestors of the present occupier of Castle Richard. The living is a rectory, in the diocese of Cloyne, and in the patronage of the Crown: the tithes amount to £651, 13. 2 1/2. There is a glebe of four acres, but no glebe-house. The church is a plain ancient building, and contains monuments of the Supple and Pittman families. In the R. C. divisions the parish forms part of the union or district of Ballymacoda and Ladiesbridge, at which latter place is a neat chapel. There is a national school in which 60, and a private school in which 40, children are educated. Here are some remains of Ightermurragh castle, which has been the property of the Supples or De Capells since 1172. Near Ballendinis is an extensive cavern in the limestone rock. The river Dower flows under ground for a considerable distance, and there are other subterraneous rivers.

ILLUD.--See ULLID.

IMLAGH.--See EMLAGH.

IMOGEELY, or MOGEALY, a parish, in the barony of IMOKILLY, county of CORK, and province of MUNSTER; containing, with part of the post-town of Castlemartyr, 3047 inhabitants. This parish, which is situated on the road from Midleton to Youghal, comprises 6128 statute acres, as applotted under the tithe act, and valued at £5946 per annum. The land is generally of good quality, much of it being in the fine limestone vale of Imokilly, and in a high state of cultivation; the system of agriculture is greatly improved, and green crops are raised with success. In the northern part is a ridge of clay-slate, and from the abundance of limestone in the vale, the highest grounds are rendered productive. The surrounding scenery is pleasingly varied and enriched with flourishing plantations. The principal seats are Kilmountain, the residence of J. Boles, Esq.; Castletown, of Mrs. Uniacke; Springfield, of the Rev. W. Boles; and the glebe-house, of the Rev. G. Smith. It is a rectory and vicarage, in the diocese of Cloyne, and forms part of the union of Castlemartyr and of the corps of the prebend of Cahirultan, in the cathedral church of Cloyne: the tithes amount to £435. 12. 7 1/2. The glebe-house, a handsome residence, was built by a gift of £100 and a loan of £1350 from the late Board of First Fruits, in 1815; the glebe comprises 22 acres, part of which was given by the Earl of Shannon in lieu of the glebes of Cahirultan and Ballyoughtera, both of which were in the Castlemartyr demesne. In the R. C. divisions the parish forms the head of the union or district of Imogeely or Castlemartyr, comprising also the parishes of Cahirultan, Ballyoughtera, and Dungourney: the chapel is a large plain edifice, adjoining the old churchyard; and there are chapels at Dungourney and Clonmon. About 80 children are taught in two public schools, of which the parochial school is supported by the rector; and there are three private schools, in which are about 130 children. There are considerable remains of the old parish church, which was destroyed in the war of 1641; the church-yard is still used as a burial-ground.

IMPHRICK, or EMERICK, a parish, partly in the barony of ORRERY and KILMORE, but chiefly in that, of FERMOY, county of CORK, and province of MUNSTER, 4 3/4 miles (S.) from Charleville, near the road to Buttevant; containing 1385 inhabitants. It comprises 4064 1/4 statute acres, as rated for the county cess, and valued at £3057 per annum, of which 3209 1/2 acres are in the barony of Fermoy: the land is of medium quality, and chiefly in tillage, and the state of agriculture is progressively improving. At Velvetstown is the seat of Thos. Crofts, Esq. It is a rectory and vicarage, in the diocese of Cloyne, forming part of the union of Lisgoold and of the corps of the precentorship in the cathedral of Cloyne: the tithes amount to £129. 4. 7 1/4. In the R. C. divisions it is part of the union or district of Ballyhea.

INAGH, county of CLARE.--See DYSERT.

INCH, county of CLARE.--See DRUMCLIFF.

INCH, a parish, in the barony of IMOKILLY, county of CORK, and province of MUNSTER 5 miles (S. by W.) from Cloyne, on the road to Poer Head; containing 1854 inhabitants. It comprises 3761 statute acres, about two-thirds of which are under tillage, and the remainder in pasture: the soil, which rests on clay-slate, is light and indifferently cultivated. The seats are Castle Mary, the residence of the Rev. R. Longfield, standing in an extensive and well-wooded demesne; Woodview, of the Rev. J. P. Lawless; and the very pretty residence of Mr. Fitzgerald, proprietor of the extensive limestone quarries at Carrigacrump. These quarries supplied stone for the works on Hawlbowling and Spike Islands and the martello towers near Cove; also for the court-house, quays, and custom-house of Cork. The coast around Poer Head, which is a coast-guard station, is very bold, and is composed of schistose rocks with thin layers of argillaceous grit intermingled. The living is a rectory and vicarage, in the diocese of Cloyne, and in the gift of the Crown: prior to 1835 it formed part of the union of Aghada, which was held in commendam by the bishops of Cloyne. The tithes amount to £524. 8. There is no glebe-house; the glebe comprises 10 acres. The church was erected by aid of a gift of £600 from the late Board of First Fruits, in 1831. In the R. C. divisions the parish forms part of the union or district of Aghada. The male and female parochial schools were erected by Bishop Brinkley, in 1828; and there is a school in connection with the National Board. In Castle Mary demesne are the remains of a cromlech; and near Poer Head, on the top of the cliff, are the extensive ruins of a fortress, erected by order of Queen Elizabeth in 1595, but destroyed by the Earl of Desmond soon after, when the garrison was either put to the sword or thrown over the cliff.

INCH, an island, and an ecclesiastical district, in the barony of ENNISHOWEN, county of DONEGAL, and province of ULSTER, 9 miles (N. W.) from Londonderry; containing 1135 inhabitants. This island, which is situated in Lough Swilly, comprises, according to the Ordnance survey, 6357 3/4 statute acres, of which 3258 3/4 are in Mintiaghs, or the Bar of Inch, and 60 are under water. Sir Cahir O'Dogherty, in the 15th century, built a castle near the southern extremity of the island, in which he confined O'Donell, one of the rival chieftains of Tyrconnell, who had been treacherously made prisoner in his own house. But O'Donell having prevailed upon his keeper to release him from his irons, made himself master of the castle, in which he was besieged by his rival Rory, whom he killed on the spot, by throwing down upon him a large stone from the battlements. After the flight, of the Earl of Tyrone, the castle and the island, being part of the barony of Ennishowen, were granted to Sir Arthur Chichester, whose descendant, Lord Templemore, is the present proprietor. In the war of 1641, the island was in the possession of the insurgents, from whom it was taken and garrisoned for the king; and in 1689, Gen. Kirk, with two ships from England laden with supplies for the Protestants besieged in Londonderry, unable to pass the enemy's lines at Culmore, sailed into Lough Swilly and encamped on the island, where he remained from the 13th till the 28th of July, when again entering Lough Foyle he relieved the distressed citizens. The island is about a mile distant from the main land of Burt, Fahan Point, and Rathmullen, from each of which are ferries. The surface is very uneven towards the north, where are some mountainous elevations called the Gullions, or Gollans; towards the south it is more level, and the land is in a moderately good state of cultivation. The mountainous portions afford good pasturage, and the inhabitants are employed in agricultural pursuits and in the fishery. Inch House, the residence of J. Kennedy, Esq., is the only seat on the island. Near the north point, opposite Rathmullen, is a battery, erected in 1813 on the threatened invasion; and on the Rathmullen shore is another, which completely commands the lough, under the management of a master-gunner and five artillerymen. There are also barracks for one officer and 27 non-commissioned officers and privates of the artillery. The living is a perpetual curacy, in the diocese of Derry, and in the patronage of the Dean; it was erected in 1809, when seven townlands were separated from the parish of Templemore. The stipend is £100, of which £74 is paid by the patron and £26 from Primate Boulter's fund. The church, for the repair of which the Ecclesiastical Commissioners have recently granted £279, is a small neat edifice on the eastern side of the island. In the R. C. divisions the parish forms part of the union of Iskahan, Burt, and Inch; the chapel is a small building in the centre of the island. About 40 children are taught in the parochial school; and there are three private schools, in which are about 120 children, and a Sunday school.

INCH, or INNISCOURCY, a parish, in the barony of LECALE, county of DOWN, and province of ULSTER, 2 1/2 miles (N.) from Downpatrick, on the road to Killyleagh; containing 2857 inhabitants. A Cistertian abbey was founded on a peninsulated portion of this parish, called Inch Island, and subsequently Inniscourcy, by Sir John de Courcy, in 1180, in atonement for having in his wars demolished the abbey of Erynagh, which had been fortified against him. It was dedicated to the Blessed Virgin, and amply endowed by its founder, who transferred to it all the possessions of the abbey of Erynagh, and placed in it monks from Furness in Lancashire; after the dissolution, its site and possessions were granted to Gerald, Earl of Kildare. The parish, which is bounded on the east by Strangford Lough, comprises, according to the Ordnance survey, 6494 1/4 statute acres, of which 80 1/4 are water, and 4731 are applotted under the tithe act; of these, 200 acres are wood and plantations, 1800 rocky pasture, and the remainder, with the exception of 20 acres of bog, are under tillage and in a high state of cultivation. Over the river Quoile, which here opens into the western branch of Strangford Lough, is a bridge connecting this place with Downpatrick. Adjoining the parish are the very extensive embankments called the water-works, constructed across the lough by Mr. Southwell, in 1748, at which time a large tract of marshy ground was reclaimed. Finnebrogue, the seat of J. W. Maxwell, Esq., is a handsome mansion, situated in a richly wooded and well-watered demesne of 500 acres, embellished with thriving plantations. At Ballanacreg is a lead mine, and near it a slate quarry, both of which have been imperfectly worked. The living is a rectory, in the diocese of Down, formerly united to the rectory of Ardkeen and vicarage of Witter, together constituting the corps of the prebend of St. Andrew, in the cathedral of Down, but in 1834 separated from those parishes, on the recommendation of the Ecclesiastical Commissioners, and now solely forming the corps of the prebend, and in the patronage of the Bishop: the tithes amount to £286. 3. 1. The church, erected in 1742, and enlarged and repaired by a loan from the late Board of First Fruits, in 1831, is a handsome structure with a tower and spire, added in 1784, and a transverse aisle added in 1826. In the R. C. divisions the parish forms part of the union or district of Kilmore, or Crossgar; the chapel is a small building near the extremity of the parish. About 100 children are taught in the parochial school, for which a good school-house was built at the joint expense of the rector and J. W. Maxwell, Esq., by whom it is chiefly supported; and there are two private schools, in which are about 150 children, and a Sunday school. There are some remains of the Cistertian abbey, situated in a fertile dell near the southern extremity of the parish, and within a quarter of a mile of the cathedral of Down, from which they are separated by the Quoile river, across which is a ferry; the choir is nearly perfect, having three lofty windows at the east end, and two in the north and south walls, with many other interesting details. To the north of the abbey are the ruins of the ancient parish church, a spacious cruciform structure, erected in 1610, partly with the materials of the old abbey; the spacious cemetery is still used as a burial-ground. These ruins, from their style and situation, are exceedingly picturesque.

INCH, or INCHYANLY, also called INCHYFOGARTY, a parish, in the barony of ELIOGARTY, county of TIPPERARY, and province of MUNSTER, 3 1/2 miles (S. E.) from Burris-o'-leagh, on the road from Nenagh to Cashel; containing 1928 inhabitants. It comprises 4432 statute acres, exclusively of bog and waste, and is mostly under tillage. The principal seats are Inch House, that of G. Ryan, Esq., and Dovea Lodge, of J. Trant, Esq., both handsome residences situated in fine demesnes. It is a vicarage, in the diocese of Cashel, forming part of the union of Clogher; the rectory is impropriate in the Marquess of Ormonde, in trust for the Ormonde poor-house at Kilkenny: the tithes amount to £300 of which £140 is payable to the impropriator, and the remainder to the vicar. In the R. C. divisions it is part of the union or district of Drom and Inch, and contains a neat chapel, built in 1806. About 250 children are educated in three private schools. There are some remains of the old church.

INCH, a parish, partly in the barony of ARKLOW, county of WICKLOW, but chiefly in that of GOREY, county of WEXFORD, and province of LEINSTER, 4 1/2 miles (S. W.) from Arklow, on the mail road from Dublin to Wexford; containing 1487 inhabitants. A skirmish took place near the church between the advanced guard of King William's army and the partisans of Jas. II., on their retreat from the battle of the Boyne, in which the latter were defeated. The parish comprises 6223 statute acres, of which about 5420 are in Wexford. About one-half is under tillage, and the remainder is good pasture land; the old system of agriculture is still practised: the butter made here is much esteemed in the Dublin market. Fairs are held at the village of Coolgraney, which see. The principal seats are St. Austin's, the residence of T. Bolger, Esq., and Ballyfad, of Miss Forde. The living is a rectory and vicarage, in the diocese of Dublin, united by act of council, in 1789, to that of Kilgorman, and in the patronage of the Archbishop, of whose mensal they formed part till 1728: the tithes amount to £300, and of the entire benefice to £450. The glebe-house, towards the erection of which the late Board of First Fruits, in 1791, gave £100, is a commodious building; and there is a glebe of 17 acres near the church, and another of 20 1/2 acres at Kilgorman. The church, built by a loan of £800 from the same Board, in 1831, is a handsome edifice in the early English style, with a square embattled tower crowned with pinnacles. In the R. C. divisions the parish forms part of the union or district of Arklow, and has a very neat chapel at Ballycoog, with a school-house attached. The parochial school, for which a suitable building is about to be erected on the glebe, is held in the old church, and is supported partly by the rector and partly by the Governors of the Foundling Hospital, Dublin. About 80 children are educated in this school, and about 250 in three private schools. There are dispensaries at St. Austin and Coolgraney. At Ballylarkin and Parkbawn are square intrenchments, supposed to have been made by Cromwell's army. Mr. Bolger's seat is thought to occupy the site of an Augustinian friary, and at Coolgraney, nearly adjoining, are some lands called the Abbey lands. There are several chalybeate springs, but they are not much used, and great quantities of that kind of iron ore commonly called Cat'sbrain are scattered over the surface of the ground.

INCH, a parish, in the barony of SHELMALIER, county of WEXFORD, and province of LEINSTER, 65 miles (S. W. by W.) from Taghmon, on the road from Adamstown to Ballyhack; containing 407 inhabitants. It comprises 1347 1/2 statute acres, as applotted under the tithe act, including 89 acres, which are rated for tithes with the parish of Clongeen. It is in the diocese of Ferns: the vicarage forms part of the union of Horetown, and the rectory is impropriate in Caesar Colclough, Esq., of Tintern Abbey. The tithes amount to £70, of which £40 is payable to the impropriator, and £30 to the vicar. In the R. C. divisions it forms part of the union or district of Newbawn, sometimes also called Inch; these places having merged into one parish for civil purposes.

INCHEGEELAGH, or EVELEARY, a parish, partly in the Western Division of the barony of EAST CARBERY, but chiefly in the barony of WEST MUSKERRY, county of CORK, and province of MUNSTER, 6 miles (W. S. W.) from Macroom, on the road to Bantry; containing 5783 inhabitants. This place derives its name, Eveleary, from the ancient family of the O'Learys, who were lords of the adjacent territory, and had the castles of Drumcarragh, Carrigneneelah, and Carrignacurra, which last was occupied by Connor O'Leary till 1641, when, joining in the civil war of that period, the whole of his estates became forfeited. The parish, which is situated on the river Lee, comprises 41,953 statute acres, as applotted under the tithe act, and valued at £6267 per ann., of which about 200 are woodland, 130 common, 2500 arable, 12,000 pasture, 7000 bog, and the remainder waste. The surface is mountainous, rocky, and of wild aspect, but towards the east more level and in a state of profitable cultivation; the chief manure used by farmers of the eastern portion is lime brought from Anaghely, near Macroom, and by those of the western portion, a calcareous coral sand from Bantry bay. The principal seats are Boyle Grove, the residence of J. Boyle, Esq.; Lee Mount, of J. Barter, Esq.; Kilbarry, of J. Barry, Esq.; the glebe-house, of the Rev. Dr. Baldwin; and the Cottage, of the Rev. J. Holland. In the village is a constabulary police station, and fairs are held on May 31st, Aug. 31st, and Dec. 3rd, for horses, cattle, sheep, and pigs; these fairs were very numerously attended, but have grown almost into disuse. The living is a rectory and vicarage, in the diocese of Cork, the rectory partly impropriate in the Duke of Devonshire, and partly united to the vicarage, which is in the patronage of the Bishop. The tithes payable to the incumbent amount to £400; there is a glebe-house, and the glebe comprises 242 3/4 acres. The church, for the repairs of which the Ecclesiastical Commissioners have recently granted £168, is a very neat edifice, with a square tower, built by a loan of £250 from the late Board of First Fruits, in 1815. The R. C. parish is co-extensive with that of the Established Church, and contains two spacious and handsome chapels, one in the village of Inchegeelagh, built in 1820, and considerably enlarged in 1830, at a total expense of £300; the other at Ballingearig, built in 1809, and since enlarged by a new cross building at a total expense of £500. There is a day school under the superintendence of the rector, who contributes to its support; the house is rent-free. There are four National school-houses in the parish; three were erected by the R. C. clergyman and his parishioners, one at Kilbarry, one at Inchegeelagh and one at Ballingearig; the fourth was built at Coolmountain in 1836, in aid of which the Commissioners of Education granted £30. They also gave a gratuitous supply of books, as a first stock, to each of these schools, and continue to furnish them with books and school necessaries at half price; they also grant an annual sum of £40 towards the salaries of the teachers: the average attendance of children, both male and female, at these four schools, is 500. There is also a private school, in which are about 20 children, and a Sunday school. In this parish are the lakes of Googane-Barra and Lua, and the mountain pass of Keminea. Googane, which is situated in a romantic and sequestered spot in the lofty chain of mountains between the counties of Cork and Kerry, covers an area of 800 acres, and is surrounded by a majestic amphitheatre of mountains, from whose rugged declivities descend numerous streams, forming interesting cascades, by which it is constantly supplied; towards its northern extremity is an island, richly planted with thriving ash trees, on which are the picturesque ruins of . an ancient church, supposed to have been erected by St. Finbarr, who made this beautiful and sequestered glen his place of retreat. Near it are some cells, erected about the year 1700 by Father O'Mahony, who lived here for 30 years in solitude. The glen is still the frequent resort of devotees, and in the summer season is visited by numerous tourists. The river Lee has its source in this lake, and taking a northeastern course to the bridge of Ballingerig, where it is joined by another mountain torrent, spreads a little below into a wide expanse, forming Lough Lua, which is 5 miles in length, and about half a mile in breadth, and in many parts expanding into bays of great extent and beauty; it abounds with char and fish of many other kinds; the banks on both sides are precipitous and richly wooded. The new line of road from Cork to Bantry passes along the whole length of its western shore, and near Lough Googane is continued through the mountain pass of Keminea. This extraordinary chasm, which is sometimes improperly called the Pass of Cooleagh, is about a mile in length, and from the minute correspondence and similarity of the strata on each side, appears to have been rent in the mountain by some convulsion of nature; the rock on both sides rises in a direction nearly perpendicular to the height of 100 feet, and in the fissures the arbutus, holly, yew, ivy, and various evergreens have taken root, and with several rare plants thrive with the greatest luxuriance. The surrounding rocks are of the schistus formation, varying in colour from pale ash to the brightest vermillion, and passing through all the varieties of transition, from the softest clay-slate to the most compact trap. There are some remains of the ancient castles.

INCHICRONANE, or INIS-CRONAN, a parish, in the barony of BUNRATTY, county of CLARE, and province of MUNSTER, 5 1/2 miles (N. E.) from Ennis, on the road to Gort; containing 4603 inhabitants. It is situated near the confines of the county of Galway, and comprises about 14,400 statute acres, of which one-fourth consists of mountain, and there are about 320 acres of bog. Within its limits are the lake and island of the same name, on which latter Donald O'Brien, King of Limerick, about the year 1190, founded ah abbey for regular canons of the order of St. Augustine, which, with a portion of the tithes of this parish, was granted in 1620 to Donogh, Earl of Thomond, and, in the following year, again in fee to Henry, Earl of Thomond. The remains, situated at the western extremity of the island, arc extremely interesting, and the scenery of the island and lake highly picturesque. The seats are Inchicronane, the beautiful demesne of the Rt. Hon. Lord Fitzgerald and Vesci; Bunnahow, the residence of W. Butler, Esq.; Milbrook, of Austin Butler, Esq.; and Glenwilliam, of J. B. Butler, Esq. It is a vicarage, in the diocese of Killaloe, forming part of the union of Kilneboy: the rectory is impropriate in the Rev. F. Blood and his heirs. The tithes, amounting to £134. 13. 11 1/2., are wholly payable to the incumbent, he being also the impropriator. Divine service is occasionally performed in a private house. In the R. C. divisions the parish forms a separate union or district, and contains the chapels of Crusheen and Meelick: a new chapel is now being erected at the former place. In a school under the superintendence of the R. C. clergyman, and in three other schools, about 410 children are educated. Besides the ruins of the abbey, there are some remains of the old parochial church, and of O'Brien's castle.--See CRUSHEEN.

INCHINABACKY, or ROXBOROUGH, a parish, in the barony of BARRYMORE, county of CORK, and province of MUNSTER, 3 miles (N. W.) from Castlemartyr, on the road from Midleton to Youghal; containing 515 inhabitants. This parish comprises 1460 acres; the soil of the southern part is very fertile, forming part of the limestone district; towards the north the substratum is a yellow clay, but from the abundance of limestone has been rendered moderately productive. The principal seats are Roxborough, the residence of -- McSweeny, Esq.; Stumphill, of W. McO'Boy, Esq.; and Castleview, of P. Warner, Esq. It is a rectory and vicarage, in the diocese of Cloyne, forming part of the union of Templenecarrigy: the tithes amount to £152. 6. 8. The church is in ruins, and it is in contemplation immediately to rebuild it; divine service is performed during the interval in a licensed private house at Roxborough. In the R. C. divisions it is part of the union or district of Midleton.

INCHIOLAGHAN, or CASTLEINCH, also called BROWNSTOWN, a parish, in the barony of SHILLELOGHER, county of KILKENNY, and province of LEINSTER, 2 miles (S. W.) from Kilkenny, on the road to Cork; containing 472 inhabitants. It comprises 3436 statute acres, and has petty sessions every fortnight. Here is Desart House, the residence of the Earl of Desart, and the place from which he takes his title. The mansion is a large and elegant building of hewn stone, in a demesne of more than 400 plantation acres, which contains some remarkably fine oak timber. The other principal seats are Castle Bamford, the residence of R. Sullivan, Esq.; Tinny Park, of Mrs. Keating; and Bamford glebe, of the Rev. J. Kearney. The living is a rectory and vicarage, in the diocese of Ossory, united by act of council, about 1676, to the vicarage of Tullohanbrogue and the prebend of Outrath, which together form the union of Inchiolaghan and the corps of the chancellorship of the diocese of Ossory, in the patronage of the Crown. The tithes amount to £197. 8. 11 1/2., and the entire value of the chancellorship is £455. 10. There is a glebe-house, with a glebe of 33 acres. The church is an ancient edifice, for the repair of which the Ecclesiastical Commissioners have lately granted £134. It is the burial-place of the Cuffe family. In the R. C. divisions the parish forms part of the union or district, of St. Patrick's, and has a chapel. Here is a public school of about 90 children, and a private school of about 70.

INCHIQUIN, or INNISQUIN, an island, in the parish of KILLURSA, barony of CLARE, county of GALWAY, and province of CONNAUGHT, 4 miles (W.) from Headford: the population is returned with the parish. It is situated in Lough Corrib, about a mile from the shore, contains 131 acres of arable land, and is the property of P. Lynch, Esq., of Ballycurrin. An abbey was founded here by St. Brendon towards the close of the sixth century.

INCHIQUIN, county of CLARE.--See KILNEBOY.

INCHMORE, a hamlet, in the parish of CASTLERICKARD, barony of MOYFENRAGH, county of MEATH, and province of LEINSTER; containing 10 houses and 72 inhabitants. It is situated on the river Boyne, which is here crossed by a bridge.

INCHMORE, an island, in the parish of BUNNOWN, barony of KILKENNY WEST, county of WESTMEATH, and province of LEINSTER: the population is returned with the parish. It is situated in Lough Ree, and contains 104 acres of arable land, and the seat of R. Sandys, Esq. An Augustinian priory is said to have been founded here in the fifth century by St. Liberius, which was leased by Queen Elizabeth to Christopher, Lord Delvin. Contiguous to this island are Inchturk, containing 24 acres, and Nun's island, on which are the ruins of a nunnery.

INCHYDONEY, county of CORK.--See ISLAND.

INCHYFOGARTY, county of TIPPERARY.--See INCH.

INISHERK.--See KILDYSERT.

INISHGEIL, or ENNISGILL, also called INCHAGUILE, an island, in the parish of CONG, barony of Ross, county of GALWAY, and province of CONNAUGHT, 4 miles (S.) from Cong: the population is returned with the parish. It is situated in Lough Corrib, and is about a mile in circumference. Here are the remains of a chapel, dedicated to St. Patrick, and of an ancient religious house, the arches and entrances to both of which are round and the stones carved with human features; and, from being covered with woodbine and ivy, they have a very picturesque appearance. In the churchyard is a tombstone with an inscription, in Irish, to Geill, Ardan, and Sionan, after the first of whom the island, in relation to which many extraordinary traditions exist, is supposed to have been named.

INISHGUIT, or INNISGORT, an island, in the parish of KILMINA, barony of BURRISHOOLE, county of MAYO, and province of CONNAUGHT, 5 miles (S. W.) from Newport-Pratt, in Clew bay: the population is returned with the parish. It comprises 15 statute acres, and has a well-sheltered harbour, with good anchorage in from three to five fathoms. Here is a light-house; the lantern, shewing a fixed white light, is 36 feet above high water mark.

INISHLIRE, or INNISLYRE, an island, in the parish of KILMINA, barony of BURRISHOOLE, county of MAYO, and province of CONNAUGHT, 5 1/2 miles (S. W.) from Newport-Pratt, in Clew bay: the population is returned with the parish. It comprises 40 acres, and is a coast-guard station.

INISTIOGE, an incorporated market and post-town (formerly a parliamentary borough), and a parish, in the barony of GOWRAN, county of KILKENNY, and province of LEINSTER, 13 miles (S.) from Kilkenny, and 63 (S.) from Dublin, on the mail coach road to New Ross; containing 3221 inhabitants, of whom about 1000 are in the town. This place, which is situated on the river Nore, was at an early period distinguished for its religious establishments. An abbey is said to have been founded here about the year 800; but that to which the town was more especially indebted for its origin and early importance was an Augustinian monastery, founded in 1210 by Thomas, son of Anthony, Seneschal of Leinster, and dedicated to the Blessed Virgin and St. Columb. Alured, the first prior, made the town which had risen up around it a free borough; and Milo Fitzgerald, the last abbot, who was afterwards Bishop of Ossory, rebuilt the tower of the church and erected the cloister; the priory continued to flourish till the dissolution, and with all its revenues was granted by Queen. Elizabeth to Edmund Butler, Earl of Ormonde. In 1607, Theobald, Viscount Butler, obtained for the town, which at that time was defended with walls, the grant of a market and fairs; and in the following year it was incorporated by Jas. I. The preamble to the charter sets forth that it was an ancient loyal borough, and from its strength, and situation on a navigable river, was of great importance for the service of the Crown and the safety of the inhabitants of the counties of Kilkenny, Wexford, and Carlow. It suffered greatly in the wars previous to that time, and was much depopulated by sickness; though it obtained the grant of an additional fair, the town never regained its prosperity. In 1649 it was besieged and taken by Col. Abbot, for the parliamentarians.

The present town, though small, occupies a fine site on the western bank of the river Nore, over which is a handsome stone bridge of 10 arches, ornamented on one side with Ionic pilasters; it consists chiefly of a square containing 143 houses, which are well built and roofed with slate. In front of the houses are rows of lime trees, and in the centre of the area are the base and part of the shaft of an ancient stone cross, with an inscription in raised letters to the memory of David, Baron of Brownsford, of the Fitzgerald family, who died in 1621. An agricultural society was established here by W. F. Tighe, Esq., which holds its meetings in the court-house for the distribution of premiums. The manufacture of lace affords employment to a considerable number of the female population; and the river Nore is navigable for vessels of 100 tons' burden till within a short distance of the town. The market is on Friday; fairs are held on March 11th, June 9th, Oct. 12th, and Dec. 13th; and there is a constabulary police station, and a sub-post-office to Thomastown and New Ross. The corporation consists of a portreeve, 12 chief burgesses, and an indefinite number of freemen, assisted by a recorder, town-clerk, and other officers. The portreeve, who may appoint a deputy, and is also coroner and clerk of the market, and with his deputy a justice of the peace, is chosen annually from the chief burgesses on the Monday next after the festival of St. John the Baptist, and sworn into office on the Monday after Michaelmas-day. The chief burgesses are chosen from the freemen by the portreeve and a majority of their own body, by whom all officers are appointed and freemen admitted solely by favour. The corporation continued to return two members to the Irish parliament till the Union, when the borough was disfranchised. The portreeve, with two or more of the burgesses, holds a court of record, with jurisdiction extending to £20 late currency, every month.

The parish comprises 9620 statute acres, as applotted under the tithe act, of which about 800 are woodland, 800 waste and bog, and the remainder arable and pasture; the land is good, and the system of agriculture has been greatly improved under the auspices of the agricultural society, over which Mr. Tighe presides. Lead ore in small quantities has been found on the bank of the river; and there is a quarry of remarkably fine granite, the field of which commences at Kingstown, on the bay of Dublin, and terminates at Killeen, a hill close to this parish. The surrounding scenery is extremely varied and beautiful, and the banks of the Nore are richly diversified with features of a picturesque and romantic character. Woodstock, the seat of W. F. Tighe, Esq., is a spacious and elegant mansion, finely situated in a demesne of nearly 1500 statute acres spreading along the margin of the Nore, and commanding extensive views of the various interesting objects on its banks; on one side are rugged rocks in striking contrast with luxuriant woods clothing the lofty hills to their summits; and on the other are fertile and richly cultivated plains interspersed with thriving plantations; among these the ruins of the castles of Brownsford and Clowen, on artificial mounds overhanging the river, are seen with peculiar effect. In the grounds are various picturesque rustic cottages, and several banqueting-rooms commanding from different positions the rich, bold, and varied scenery which here adorns the banks of the river. In the house is an excellent library, with a choice collection of paintings and some beautiful statuary. The late proprietor, W. Tighe, Esq., was the author of the Statistical survey of the county of Kilkenny; and his sister-in-law, the accomplished Mrs. Mary Tighe, was the author of "Psyche" and other poems; a monument and statue by Flaxman have been erected to her memory in the church-yard of Inistioge. The other seats are Firgrove, that of J. Robbins, Esq.; and Ballyduff, the property of Sir Josiah Coghill, Bart., R. N. The living is a rectory and vicarage, in the diocese of Ossory; one-half of the rectory is impropriate in Sir Wm. Cox, Bart., and the other is annexed to the vicarage, which is united to the rectory and vicarage of Cloneamery, and in the patronage of the Bishop. The tithes amount to £430, of which £200 is payable to the impropriator, and the remainder to the incumbent; and the tithes of the benefice amount to £365. The glebe-house is a handsome residence, and the glebe comprises 10 acres, subject to a rent of £3 per acre. The church, a handsome structure in the early English style, harmonising with the tower of the ancient monastery, with which it is incorporated, was rebuilt in 1824 by a gift of £900 from the late Board of First Fruits and by subscription. In the R. C. divisions the parish is the head of a union or district, comprising also those of Cloneamery and Roer, in which are four chapels; the chapel of this parish has been taken down, and a handsome new one is now being erected. There are two schools supported by Mr. and Lady Louisa Tighe, in which are about 150 children. An almshouse was built in 1788, by Mrs. Sarah Tighe, for eight aged widows, who receive a weekly allowance from Mr. Tighe, but there is no permanent endowment. A charitable loan fund has been established for lending sums not exceeding £3, repayable by instalments of 1s. 6d. in the pound every other week. There is a society for supplying coal to the poor, who deposit a sum weekly, the value of which, and of a penny per week added by the society to every deposit, they receive in coal at the end of the year; also a dispensary. There are some interesting remains of the monastery, consisting of two towers, one of which has been incorporated with the present church, and the other is square at the base and octagonal in the upper stages.

INNISBEG, an island, in the parish of AUGHADOWN, Eastern Division of the barony of WEST CARBERY, county of CORK, and province of MUNSTER, 4 miles (W.) from Skibbereen; containing 109 inhabitants. It is in the estuary of the river Ilen, in the bay of Baltimore, and comprises 214 statute acres, part of which is fertile and well cultivated. The surface is rocky and uneven, and the substratum is slate.

INNISBIGLE, or INISHEGIL, an island, in the parish of KILCOMMON, barony of ERRIS, county of MAYO, and province of CONNAUGHT: the population is returned with the parish. It is situated at the entrance of the bay of Ballan, and contiguous to the island of Achill, on the western coast; and comprises 800 acres of bog and mountain, the property of Sir Richard A. O'Donel, Bart.

INNISBOFFIN, an island, in the parish of TULLOGHOBIGLEY, barony of KILMACRENAN, county of DONEGAL, and province of ULSTER: the population is returned with the parish. It lies off the north-western coast, about a mile and a half from the main land, and contains about 150 acres of arable and pasture land and about 250 of mountain. On the north-eastern side of the island is a small bay, and to the north are the islets Ennisduich and Ennisbeg.

INNISBOFFIN, or ENNISBOFFIN, an island and parish, in the barony of MURRISK, county of MAYO, and province of CONNAUGHT, 26 miles (S. W.) from Westport, opposite the entrance to Ballinakill harbour; containing 1462 inhabitants. It is also called Inishbofin, and Boffin or Bophin island; is separated by a narrow channel from Innishark, or Sark island; and is the property of the Marquess of Sligo. An abbey was founded here by St. Colman, in 667, of which no mention is made by ecclesiastical writers after the tenth century. A castle was erected here by Cromwell, which was held for Jas. II. by Col. O'Riordan, who surrendered it to King William's troops after the capitulation of Galway. It was built for the protection of the fishery, which was then extensively carried on here, against the Dutch. The harbour is situated in the centre of the fisheries, and will safely accommodate more than 100 vessels of 150 tons. The sea in its vicinity abounds with spermaceti and Greenland whales, sun fish, herrings, and many other kinds of fish. The parish is in the diocese of Tuam: the vicarage forms part of the union of Ballynakill; the rectory is impropriate in the Marquess of Clanricarde. The tithes amount to £9. 12. In the R. C. divisions also it is part of the union or district of Ballynakill, and has a chapel. About 80 children are educated in two private schools.

INNISBOFFIN, or INCHBOFIN, an island in Lough Ree, in the parish of NOGHEVAL, barony of KILKENNY WEST, county of WESTMEATH, and province of LEINSTER; containing 27 acres of arable land: the population is returned with the parish. An abbey was founded here in the early part of the sixth century by St. Rioch, nephew of St. Patrick, which was burnt in 770, pillaged several times in the eleventh century, and destroyed by the Danes in 1089.

INNISCALTHRA, INNISKELTAIR, or HOLY ISLAND, an island, in that part of the parish of INNISCALTHRA, which is in the barony of TULLA, county of CLARE, and province of MUNSTER, 4 miles (E.) from Scariff. This island, which is also called the "Island of the Seven Churches," is in Lough Derg, between the counties of Clare and Galway. St. Camin, who died about the middle of the seventh century, founded an abbey or church here, which was afterwards called Teampul Camin. In 834 the island was ravaged by the Danes from Limerick, and in 1027 the great Brien Boroimhe rebuilt the church. St. Camin, the founder of the abbey, is said to have written a commentary on the Psalms, which he collated with the Hebrew text. St. Coelan wrote a life of St. Bridget in Latin verse; and Corcran, the most celebrated ecclesiastic of Western Europe for religion and learning, was abbot in the early part of the eleventh century. Here are the remains of seven small churches, which display considerable elegance of design. Here is also an ancient round tower in very good preservation, which is likewise called the Anchorite's Tower, from St. Cosgrath, an anchorite, having lived and died in it in the tenth century. This island is still a favourite burial-place, and is much visited by pilgrims. It contains about 25 acres of very rich land, and in its vicinity are Red Island and Bushy Island.

INNISCALTHRA, a parish, partly in the barony of TULLA, county of CLARE, and province of MUNSTER, but chiefly in that of LEITRIM, county of GALWAY, and province of CONNAUGHT, 4 miles (N. E.) from Scariff; containing 2198 inhabitants. It takes its name from the celebrated island in Lough Derg (above described), by which it is bounded on the south and east; and comprises about 9000 statute acres, of which 2500 are arable, 4500 pasture, 1900 bog and waste, and 100 woodland. Much land has been reclaimed since 1820, and there is a large portion of the mountain land under pasture. Iron exists, which makes some of the springs chalybeate, and very fine limestone and sandstone are found at Sallarnane. The principal seats are Wood Park, the residence of P. Reade, Esq.; and Kilrateera, of E. Reade, Esq. Petty sessions once a fortnight ami fairs are held at Whitegates, in the vicinity. It is a vicarage, in the diocese of Killaloe, united in 1803 to the vicarages of Moynoe and Clonrush, and in the patronage of the Bishop; the rectory is impropriate in the representatives of G. Tandy, Esq. The vicarial tithes amount to £23, and of the union to £119. 8. 5 1/2. There is a glebe-house, with a glebe of 12 acres in the parish of Clonrush. The church, in Mount-Shannon (which see), is a neat building, and was erected by aid of a loan of £390 from the late Board of First Fruits, in 1789, and repaired by a loan from the same Board in 1831. In the R. C. divisions it forms part of the union or district of Clonrush, and has a chapel at Mount-Shannon. There is also a meeting-house for Wesleyan Methodists, and a place of worship for Baptists. About 110 children are educated in a public and 20 in a private school. Near the shore is a circular Danish fort; and silver coins of King John's reign, minted at Waterford, have been found in Wood Park bog.

INNISCARRA, a parish, in the barony of BARRETTS, county of CORK, and province of MUNSTER, 5 miles (W. by S.) from Cork, to which place it has a penny post; containing 3442 inhabitants. This parish, which is situated on the river Lee, comprises 9982 statute acres, valued at £8387. 10. per annum. The surface is varied; to the west of the bridge over the Lee is a fine expanse of meadow, which, with the old church, backed by a range of hills, and some rich woodland scenery, forms a pleasing landscape; and from the heights is obtained an extensive view of the course of the river from west to east through a richly diversified tract of country, abounding with objects of local interest. The farms are in general very small, and the lands are continued under tillage till they are quite exhausted; the system of agriculture, though improving, is still in a backward state; there is no bog. A slate quarry is worked on a very limited scale. Ardrum, the seat of Sir N. Colthurst, Bart., is pleasantly situated in an extensive and well-wooded demesne; Cloghroe, the residence of J. C. Fitzgerald, Esq., is also in the parish; and the glebe-house, the residence of the Hon. and Rev. W. Beresford, is delightfully situated on the river Lee, to the margin of which the lawn and shrubberies extend in beautiful contrast with the steep and rocky mountains on the opposite bank, which rise to a considerable elevation and are partially ornamented with plantations; the house commands a beautiful view of the vale formed by the ranges of hills on each side of the river. At the western extremity of the parish are the Dripsey paper-mills, belonging to Messrs. Magnay and Co., and situated in a deep and well-wooded glen; the buildings are of handsome appearance, and the works afford employment to a number of persons, varying from 70 to 100, in the manufacture of large quantities of paper for the English market. In another part of the parish is a small stream which turns the Cloghroe boulting-mills, which are capable, when there is a sufficient supply of water, of producing 140 sacks of flour weekly. A new line of road has been formed to facilitate the communication of this parish and the neighbouring district with the parish of Macroom. A manorial court is held by the seneschal of the manor. The living is a rectory and vicarage, in the diocese of Cloyne, united by act of council to the rectory and vicarage of Mattehy and the chapelry of Kilmurry, which together constitute the union, and the corps of the prebend of Inniscarra in the cathedral of Cloyne, and in the patronage of the Bishop. The tithes amount to £635. 5. 9., and the value of the prebend, including tithe and glebe, is £1076 per annum. The glebe-house was built by a gift of £100 and a loan of £1500 from the late Board of First Fruits, in 1816: the glebe comprises 15 acres. The church, a neat structure on an elevated spot near the road, was built in 1818, by a grant of £1000 from the same Board. In the R. C. divisions it is the head of a union or district, including the parishes of Inniscarra, Mattehy, and Carrigrohane-beg, and has three chapels, two of which, at Cloghroe and Berrings, are in this parish. About 30 children are educated in the parochial school, which is aided by the rector, who, with the late Sir N. C. Colthurst, Bart., built a handsome school-house. There are two private schools, in which are about 200 children, a Sunday school, and a dispensary.

INNISCATTERY, an island, locally situated off the shore of the parish of KILRUSH, barony of MOYARTA, county of CLARE, and province of MUNSTER, but considered to form a part of the parish of St. Mary, Limerick; the population is returned with Kilrush. This island, which is situated near the mouth of the river Shannon, about two miles from the shore, was anciently called Inis-Cathay and Cathiana, and was one of the most celebrated places of religious resort during the earlier ages of Christianity in Ireland. A monastery was founded here in the sixth century, according to some writers by St. Senan, and according to others by St. Patrick, who placed it under the superintendence of that saint. Great numbers of monks are said to have come from Rome to this place, and to have placed themselves under the protection of St. Senan, who erected seven churches on the island for this community, which lived in such seclusion and austerity that no female was permitted to land on the island: the superiors have been styled indifferently abbots or bishops. In 538, St. Kieran is said to have left the island of Arran and to have become an inmate of this monastery, of which he was made Providore. St. Senan died in 544, and was buried in the abbey, where a monument was erected to his memory; and in 580 St. Aidan was bishop of Inniscathay. The island was plundered in 816 by the Danes, who put many of the monks to the sword and defaced the monument of St. Senan; and in 835 they again landed here and destroyed the monastery. Early in the 10th century, Flaithbeartach, abbot of this place, was elected King of Munster; and in 950 the Danes had gained such ascendancy in this part of Ireland, as to make the island a permanent depot. In 975, many of these invaders having taken shelter here, were driven out with the loss of 500 of their number by Brien Boroimhe, King of Munster, and Domnhall, King of Jonnahainein. The island was again plundered by the Danes of Dublin, headed by Diarmuid Mac Maoilnamba, but they were overtaken and defeated by Donogh, son of Brien. In 1176 the abbey was plundered by the Danes of Limerick; and three years afterwards, the whole island was laid waste by William Hoel, an English knight, who destroyed even the churches. Soon after the death of Aid O'Beachain, Bishop of Inniscathay, the diocese of which this island was the seat was either united to that of Limerick, or divided among those of Limerick, Killaloe, and Ardfert. The monastery, notwithstanding the calamities it had suffered, subsisted till the dissolution, and in 1583 was granted by Queen Elizabeth to the mayor and citizens of Limerick.

The island, which is held on lease under the corporation of Limerick by F. Keane, Esq., who has a neat lodge here, contains more than 100 acres of very good land, but the sea is making rapid encroachments upon it. In the western portion is found a fine blue marl; about one-sixth part only is under tillage, and the remainder in pasture; the land in the immediate vicinity of the churches is remarkably fertile. The Scattery roads, which lie off its eastern shore, afford secure anchorage for large vessels; and at the southern extremity, opposite the north-western point of Carrigafoyle, on the Kerry side of the Shannon, is a battery mounting six 24-pounders, with a bomb-proof barrack for 20 men, which is defended by two howitzers. In the ecclesiastical arrangements, the island, with part of the rectory and vicarage of Kilrush, and of the rectories of Kilfieragh, Moyarta, and Kilballyhone, constitutes the prebend of Inniscattery in the cathedral of Killaloe, and in the patronage of the Bishop, the gross revenue of which is £653. 7. 10 1/4. Among the numerous relics of antiquity is an ancient round tower, by recent measurement 117 feet high, which, though split from the summit to the base by lightning, and having a considerable breach on the north, still stands erect, forming a venerable feature in the scene, and a very useful landmark in the navigation of the Shannon. There are also the remains of the seven churches, and of several cells of the ancient monastery; in the keystone of the east window of the largest of the churches is a sculptured head of St. Senan; to each of them was attached a cemetery, some of which are still used as burial-grounds. There are also some remains of a castle, near the ruins of the monastery and churches, all towards the north-east side of the island, and presenting a remarkably interesting and highly picturesque appearance. From the number of ancient cemeteries on the island, and its having been the scene of numerous battles, the soil contains vast numbers of fragments of human bones, which in some parts have subsided into a stratum several feet beneath the surface, and which the sea in its encroachments is constantly exposing to view. An ancient bell, covered with a strong coating of silver, and ornamented with figures in relief was found here, and is preserved by Mr. Keane; it is said by O'Halloran to have belonged to St. Senan's altar, and is held in such veneration, that no person would venture to swear falsely upon it; it is used for the discovery of petty thefts, and called "the golden bell." Here is also a holy well, to which multitudes formerly resorted on Easter-Monday; and numerous legendary traditions are current among the peasantry of the surrounding districts, by whom the island is still held in great veneration. From some Latin verses in Colgan's life of St. Senan, the distinguished poet Moore has taken the subject of one of his melodies, commencing "Oh ! haste and leave this sacred isle."

INNISDADROM, or CONEY ISLAND, a parish and island, in the barony of ISLANDS, county of CLARE, and province of MUNSTER, 3 1/2 miles (N. E.) from Kildysart; the population is returned with the parish of Clondagad. It is situated nearly in the centre of the river Fergus, about a mile and a quarter from its western shore, and is estimated to contain about 226 statute acres; it is at present inhabited by about 10 families. The land is remarkably fertile, and chiefly in tillage; the substratum of the soil is limestone, and there is an abundant supply of sea-manure. Between this island and a ridge of rock, called Rat island, is a sound through which vessels drawing 11 feet of water can pass with a leading wind; it is narrow, and not more than two fathoms deep at low water, but the tide passes through it rapidly. It is a rectory and vicarage, in the diocese of Killaloe, forming part of the union of Lateragh and of the corps of the precentorship in the cathedral of Killaloe; but it is stated in the late report of the Ecclesiastical Commissioners that the parish is withheld from the precentor, although mentioned in his titles. The ruins of two ancient churches still remain, of which that situated at the eastern extremity of the island appears to have been the principal.

INNISFALLEN, county of KERRY.-- See KILLARNEY.

INNISFARNARD, an island, in the parish of KILCATERN, barony of BERE, county of CORK, and province of MUNSTER, 7 miles (N.) from Castletown, Cuolagh bay; containing 24 inhabitants. It comprises 34 acres of poor land, and has a small quay and good landing-place: ships may anchor in 16 or 18 fathoms of water about 2 1/2 cables' length from the shore.

INNISHANNON, a post-town and parish, partly in the Eastern Division of the barony of EAST CARBERY, but chiefly in the barony of KINNALEA, county of CORK, and province of MUNSTER, 12 miles (S. W.) from Cork, and 138 (S. W.) from Dublin, on the river Bandon, and on the mail coach road from Cork to Bantry; containing 3840 inhabitants, of which number, 653 are in the town. This place, which was formerly of considerable importance, and, according to Smith's History of Cork, was walled and had several castles in it, was, together with its ferry across the Bandon, granted by Hen. V. to Philip de Barry in 1412. The castle of Downdaniel, at the confluence of the Brinny and Bandon, built by Barry Oge in 1476, and the castle of Cariganass, built by the McCarthys, were both besieged and taken during the war of 1641 by the garrison of Bandon. Poulnalong castle, which in the same war was held for the insurgents by its owner, Patrick Roche Fitz-Richard, was surrendered to Capt. Adderley in 1642. The castle of Annagh, near this parish, was garrisoned for the King on the breaking out of the war, and obstinately defended by its proprietor, Sir Philip Perceval, against the army of Gen. Barry in 1642. From its situation on a small island in the centre of a deep morass, it was also enabled to hold out against the forces of Lord Castlehaven, till it was almost battered to pieces, when the commander of the garrison, named Fisher, who in several sallies had killed about 300 of the assailants, being still resolved to defend it, was invited to a conference by the besieging army and treacherously slain; the garrison then agreed to surrender on condition of quarter, but were all put to the sword. The present town consists principally of one neatly built street, containing 108 houses, of which several are of a very superior description, and has a cheerful and pleasing appearance. The river Bandon is crossed here by a neat bridge of six arches, over which the new line of road is carried; and its situation on the river, which is navigable for vessels of 200 tons' burden up to Colliers' quay, and for lighters into the town, is well adapted for an extensive trade. A canal to Bandon was contemplated some short time since, and a rail road to Bantry is at present under consideration. The cotton-manufacture was formerly carried on here to a considerable extent, but is now almost extinct. Fairs are held on May 29th, and Oct. 3rd; a constabulary police force is stationed here, and petty sessions are held on alternate Tuesdays in a sessions-house.

The parish comprises 7080 statute acres, as applotted under the tithe act, and valued at £5815 per annum: the land is in general good, though in some parts the soil is light and shallow, the substratum being generally schistus based on argillaceous grit; the system of agriculture has been lately much improved. There are about 300 acres of woodland in gentlemen's demesnes, and a tract of turbary of about 100 acres. Indications of copper exist, but no attempt has been made to work it. The alternation of greenstone and freestone is singularly curious, and the sudden transitions of the rocks also render the parish interesting to the geologist. The scenery is beautifully picturesque; the vale in which the town is situated is covered with hanging woods extending on the west to Bandon, and on the east to Shippool, and is on both sides embellished with pleasing villas and thriving plantations, among which the tower of the church forms a picturesque feature. The principal seats are Downdaniel, the residence of the Rev. R. L. Conner, a modern mansion near the site of the castle of that name, partly built with the materials of the ancient structure, and commanding a fine view of the vale; Fir Grove, of R. Quin, Esq.; Shippool House, of Capt. Herrick, R.N.; Woodview, of F. Seely, Esq.; Sunning Hill, of Mrs. Quinn; Belmont, of Major Meade; Cor Castle, of Chambre Corker, Esq.; Frankfort, of Major Westcott; the residence of the Rev. T. Meade; and Rock Castle, of E. Becher, Esq., on the lawn of which and on the margin of the river were the ruins of Cariganass castle, on removing which, by the uncle of the present proprietor, several cannon balls were found. The river above the town abounds with fish, and is much frequented by anglers. The living is a rectory and vicarage, in the diocese of Cork, and in the patronage of the representatives of the late Jas. Kearney, of Garrettstown, Esq.; the tithes amount to £632. 6. 11.; the tithes of the ploughland of Skevanahish, amounting to £42. 10., are appropriated to the see, and payable to the Ecclesiastical Commissioners. There is no glebe-house, and the glebe comprises only about half an acre. The church, situated in a thick plantation near the river, is a very neat edifice with a square tower. In the R. C. divisions the parish is the head of a union or district, comprising also the parishes of Brinny, Knockavilly, and Leighmoney; the chapel was built at an expense of £1500, in 1829, on a site of two acres presented by E. Hale Adderley, Esq. There is also a place of worship for Wesleyan Methodists. About 100 children are taught in two public schools, of which the parochial school is supported by a grant of £30 per annum, from the trustees of Erasmus Smith's fund, and a donation from the rector, who provides a house rent-free; and there are four private schools, in which are about 250 children. The late T. H. Adderley, Esq., bequeathed £5 per annum to the poor; Dr. Synge, Bishop of Cork, who died in 1678, made a bequest to the parish, of which nothing is at present known. A dispensary is supported in the usual manner. On the lands of Barnas is an extensive circular fortress, surrounded by a double rampart and fosse, in which Barry Oge encamped when driven from Downdaniel Castle; and near it is a powerful chalybeate spring, containing a large portion of carbonic acid gas.

INNISHARGEY, a parish, in the barony of ARDES, county of DOWN, and province of ULSTER, 1 1/2 mile (N.) from Kircubbin; the population is returned with the union of St. Andrew's. According to the Ordnance survey it comprises 5516 statute acres. It is a vicarage, in the diocese of Down, forming part of the union of St. Andrew's; the rectory is appropriate to the Lord-Primate. The church of the union is in this parish.

INNISHERKIN, or SHERKIN, an island, in the parish of TULLAGH, Eastern Division of the barony of WEST CARBERY, county of CORK, and province of MUNSTER, 2 miles (N. W.) from Baltimore; containing 1026 inhabitants. This island, which is situated in the western part of the harbour of Baltimore, is about 3 miles in length from east to west, and 1 mile in breadth. A monastery for Franciscans of the Strict Observance . was founded here, according to some writers, in 1460, by Florence, or, according to others, in 1470, by Dermot O'Driscol, which family had a castle at this place. In 1537, the citizens of Waterford, in retaliation of an act of piracy by Fineen O'Driscol and his son on a Spanish vessel consigned to that port, fitted out three ships with 400 men and besieged the castle, of which they kept possession for. five days. During this time they ravaged the island, destroying all the villages, together with the Franciscan monastery, which was situated near the castle, and finally that fortress also; and having seized O'Driscol's chief galley and a great number of pinnaces, returned in triumph to Waterford. The castle was subsequently rebuilt, but in 1602 it was attacked by the Spaniards, to whom it was surrendered by Sir Fineen O'Driscol, and supplied with ammunition and artillery; but on the capitulation of Kinsale it was taken from them by the English. The island comprises 1469 acres of land, which is generally fertile, though some parts, especially towards the south, which attain a considerable elevation, forming one side of the entrance to the bay, are rough, hilly, and uncultivated. The higher districts are chiefly of the schistose formation, and in several places good freestone is found; near the southern extremity are some valuable slate quarries, which are extensively worked, affording employment to nearly 100 men. The slate is of remarkably good colour, and very hard and durable; several cargoes have been shipped to England, where it is in great demand. In the R. C. divisions the island forms part of the union or district of Cape Clear; the chapel is a small neat edifice, and near it is a good residence for the R. C. clergyman. Here are two public schools, in the school-house of one of which divine service is regularly performed by the rector. The ruins of the abbey, which are extensive, consist of the nave and tower of the church, one of the transepts, with part of the cloister, refectory, dormitories, and other portions of the conventual buildings. These ruins are close to the bay, and have a fine effect as seen from Baltimore; the tower is nearly entire, and several of the walls and gables are standing. Not far distant are the ruins of the castle.

INNISKEEL, a parish, partly in the barony of BANNAGH, but chiefly in that of BOYLAGH, county of DONEGAL and province of ULSTER; containing, with the post-town of Narin or Nairn (which is separately described), 8266 inhabitants. This parish, also called Innis-Coel, derives its name from a monastery founded on an island within its limits, of which St. Conald Coel was abbot about the year 590, when he was killed by pirates. It is on the north-west coast, and is 24 miles in length and about 8 miles in breadth, comprising 102,0815 statute acres, of which 80,453 3/4 (including a detached portion) are in the barony of Boylagh, and 21,627 3/4 in that of Bannagh; 730 1/4 acres are in the tideway of the river Guibarra, and 1871 1/4 in lakes. The surface is mountainous and uneven, and the soil various; the higher grounds consist chiefly of rocky pasture; the Aghla mountain rises 1958 feet above the level of the sea, and the mountain of Portnockan contains a vein of lead ore. The island of Innis Coel, or Inniskeel, which is about a mile off the shore, comprises about 65 statute acres. On its eastern side is a good and safe harbour, called Churchpool, affording sheltered anchorage for vessels of 350 tons' burden, except in strong gales from the south-west or north-west, when a heavy sea sets in round the eastern point, sometimes breaking into the bay; the best anchorage is in the middle of the bay. Fairs are held at Fintown on May 16th, and 3rd of July, Sept., and Nov.; and it is a station of the revenue police. The living is a rectory and vicarage, in the diocese of Raphoe, and in the patronage of the Bishop; the tithes amount to £500. The glebe-house is a good residence, and the glebe comprises 40 acres, of which 12 are good arable land and 28 rocky pasture. The church was built in 1825, at an expense of £900. By act of council, in 1829, 49 townlands were severed from this parish, and 38 from that of Killybegs, to form the district curacy of Ardara. The R. C. parish is co-extensive with that of the Established Church, and contains two chapels, situated respectively at Glentis and Fintown. There is also a place of worship for Wesleyan Methodists. About 100 children are taught in two public schools, of which the parochial school is partly supported from Col. Robertson's fund; and there are two private schools, in which are about 60 children. There are some remains of the monastery on the island of Inniscoel, consisting chiefly of the ruins of the church, near which is a well, dedicated to St. Conald Coel, to which numbers resort annually.

INNISKEEN, or ENNISKEEN, a village, in the parish of KINNEIGH, Western Division of the barony of EAST CARBERY, county of CORK, and province of MUNSTER, 8 miles (W.) from Bandon, on the road to Dunmanway; the population is returned with the parish. This village, which is situated on the River Bandon, in the southern part of the parish, and is also called Inniskean, is said to have derived its name from Kean Mac Moile More, ancestor of the Mahony family of Castle Mahon, now Castle Bernard. In the war of 1641 it was sacked by the insurgents; and in 1690 was threatened by Mac Fineen, one of the leaders of the army of Jas. II., who, finding it strongly garrisoned, retired without striking a blow. On the 21st of April in the following year, it was attacked by 1500 of the Irish, who set fire to it, and every house was destroyed except that occupied by the garrison, consisting of 44 men, who resolutely held out till assistance arrived from Bandon, when the insurgents were taken by surprise, put to flight, and 72 of them slain in the pursuit. In the same year the place was fortified by order of Governor Cox, who placed in it a garrison of militia. A paper-mill affords employment to about 30 persons, and about the same number are employed in the slate quarries near the place. The village has a penny post to Bandon, and fairs on April 5th, June 22nd, Aug. 12th, and Oct. 2nd, chiefly for live stock and pedlery; they are toll free and well attended. It also contains a small R. C. chapel.

INNISKEEN, or ENNISKEEN, a parish, partly in the baronies of LOUTH and UPPER DUNDALK, county of LOUTH, and province of LEINSTER, but chiefly in the barony of FARNEY, county of MONAGHAN, and province of ULSTER, 4 miles (N.) from Louth, on the road to Castle-Blayney; containing 3698 inhabitants. According to the Ordnance survey it comprises 6l92 3/4 statute acres, of which 86 1/4 are in the barony of Louth, 1116 1/2 in Upper Dundalk, and 4990 in Farney; 5534 acres are applotted under the tithe act. Here is a constabulary police station. The living is a rectory and vicarage, in the diocese of Clogher, and in the patronage of the Bishop: the tithes amount to £447. 13. 10 1/4. The glebe-house was erected by aid of a loan of £675 from the late Board of First Fruits, in 1821. The church is a neat plain structure with an ancient burial-ground, in which is a vault bearing the date 1672, built by Col. Mac Mahon, a descendant of the corbes of Clones: the belfry is one of the ancient round towers. In the R. C. divisions the parish is the head of a union or district, including also part of Donaghmoyne, and containing a neat chapel here and one at Drumcatton, erected on land given by F. Evans, Esq., of Mountjoy-square, Dublin, who also gave a site adjacent for a school-house. The parochial school, which is a good stone building, was erected at an expense of £200 by subscription and a grant from the Lord-Lieutenant's fund. Here are also two Sunday schools. St. Dagens is said to have founded an abbey or bishoprick here in the beginning of the sixth century, which is not mentioned later than the eleventh century, although some remains of it still exist. Here is an extensive Danish fort.

INNISKELTAIR.--See INNISCALTHRA.

INNISKENNY, or INCHKENNY, a parish, partly in the barony of BARRETTS, county of CORK, but chiefly in the county of the city of CORK, and province of MUNSTER, 4 miles (S. W.) from Cork, on the old road to Bandon; containing 1290 inhabitants. It comprises 3810 statute acres, as applotted tinder the tithe act; the greater portion of the land is under tillage, though in the part nearest to the city there are some large dairy farms, and there are about 400 acres of waste and bog. The soil of the higher grounds is poor and stony; the system of agriculture, which was previously very backward, has been greatly improved since the opening of the new line of road to Bandon. The seats are Waterfall, the residence of T. Austin, Esq.; and Castle White, of G. M. White, Esq. It is a rectory, in the diocese of Cork, and the corps of the prebend of Inniskenny in Cork cathedral, in the patronage of the Bishop: the tithes amount to £369. 4. 7. The church, a small plain edifice with a low tower and spire, was built by a gift of £600 from the late Board of First Fruits, in 1809. In the R. C. divisions it forms part of the union of Carrigrohane. About 20 children are taught in the parochial school, which was built and is supported by the present incumbent. About a mile beyond the church, on the old road to Bandon, are the remains of the abbey of Ballymacadane, founded about the year 1450 by Cormac McCarthy, for nuns of the order of St. Augustine, consisting only of the side walls and gables.

INNISKILLEN, or INNISKILLING.--See ENNISKILLEN.

INNISLONNAGH, or ABBEY, a parish, partly in the barony of IFFA and OFFA EAST, county of TIPPERARY, and partly in that of GLENAHEIRY, county of WATERFORD, and province of MUNSTER, 2 miles (W. S. W.) from Clonmel, on the road from Cork to Dublin; containing 4255 inhabitants. St. Mochoemoc, who died in 655, founded an abbey here, which was refounded by Donald O'Brien, King of Limerick, in 1187, and at the Reformation was granted by Queen Elizabeth to Edward Geogh. It is stated to have been a very beautiful building, with a chapel consecrated by St. Patrick; near its ruins is a celebrated holy well. In 1399, John, Earl of Desmond, brought his forces hither, and was met by the Earl of Ormonde and his followers, when these noblemen were reconciled. The parish comprises 8933 statute acres, and the land is generally rich and well cultivated. The principal seats are Marlfield, the residence of J. Bagwell, Esq., a large and elegant mansion in an extensive and well-wooded demesne, through which the river Suir flows; Oakland, also the property of Mr. Bagwell; Salisbury, the residence of T. Sadleir, Esq.; and Bird Hill, of -- Taylor, Esq. Fine granite is obtained in the Waterford part of the parish, and limestone in the Tipperary part. At Marlfield is a distillery, and a fair is held in October at Tubberhaney. The living is a rectory, in the diocese of Lismore, episcopally united in 1815 to the rectory of Monksland, and in the patronage of the Crown: the tithes amount to £576. 19. 3 1/2., and of the entire benefice to £688. 19. 3 1/2. There is neither glebe-house nor glebe. The church, which was rebuilt by the present incumbent in 1818, by aid of a loan of £600 from the late Board of First Fruits, is on the site of the ancient abbey, part of which is incorporated in the present building; and the old churchyard remains. The parochial school is supported by the rector, and a female school is kept by the ladies of the Presentation convent, in which about 640 children are educated; there are also three private schools, in which are about 100 children.

INNISMACNAUGHTEN, an island, in the parish of KILCONRY, barony of BUNRATTY, county of CLARE, and province of MUNSTER, 4 miles (W.) from Bunratty; the population is returned with the parish. It is situated on the eastern shore of the river Fergus, near its junction with the Shannon, and comprises 260 statute acres of land of a superior quality for fattening cattle. To the north-west is the island of Dynish, containing 20, and westward is that of Fynish, containing 160, acres of a similar quality. The latter island was, according to Archdall, anciently called Inis-fidhe, or Cluan-fidhe, and was the seat of a nunnery over which St. Bridget presided in the fifth century: the ruins of the old church still exist. Near Fynish is the "Priest Rock," a rugged straggling mass dangerous to vessels, on which it has been recommended to place a beacon, or pillar.

INNISMACSAINT, or CHURCHHILL, a parish, partly in the barony of TYRHUGH, county of DONEGAL, but chiefly in that of MAGHERABOY, county of FERMANAGH, and province of ULSTER; containing, with the post-town of Churchhill, the market-town of Derrygonnelly, and part of the post-town of Ballyshannon, (each of which is separately described), 14,801 inhabitants. The name Innismacsaint is derived from an island in Lough Erne, about half a mile from the shore, where a celebrated abbey was founded by St. Nenn, or Nennid, early in the sixth century. This afterwards became the parish church until, in the reign of Queen Anne, one was built at Drumenagh; part of the ancient building still exists. According to the Ordnance survey the parish comprises 52,994 1/4 statute acres, of which 9505 are water, including a considerable portion of Lough Erne and part of Lough Melvin: of these, 45,867 1/4, including several small islands, are in the county of Fermanagh, and 7127 in Donegal. About two-thirds of it are arable and pasture, and the remainder waste and bog: 23,616 acres are applotted under the tithe act. Agriculture is in a backward state, especially in the Fermanagh part of the parish. There is a great quantity of bog, particularly on the Wyault mountains, where there is a basaltic dyke. Coal appears in several places in thin layers, and there are quarries of good sandstone used for building. The mountain of Glennalong rises 793, and Shean North 1133, feet above the level of the sea. Lough Erne affords a navigable communication with Enniskillen, Belturbet, and Ballyshannon. The living is a rectory and vicarage, in the diocese of Clogher, and in the patronage of the Marquess of Ely: the tithes amount to £500. The glebe-house at Benmore, the residence of the Rev. H. Hamilton, was built by a loan of £1000 and a gift of £100 from the late Board of First Fruits, in 1829; it is situated on a glebe of 540 acres. The church is a handsome building with a tower, erected in 1831 by a loan of £1385 from the same Board, and the Ecclesiastical Commissioners have recently granted £101 for its repair. There are also chapels of ease or district churches at Slavin and Finner. In the R. C. divisions parts of this parish are united to Bohoe and Devenish, and the remainder forms the union or district of Bundoran, There are plain chapels at Roscor, Knockaraven, Bundoran, and Carrickbeg. At Churchhill is a meeting-house for Wesleyan Methodists, and at Cosbystown one for Primitive Methodists. The parochial school was built by a bequest of £200 from the late Rev. J. Nixon, and is aided by an annual subscription of £5 from the rector; there is a school at the rector's gate-house, where girls are taught needlework by his family; a girls' school is supported by the Marchioness of Ely; and a school has been recently erected at Fasso, by the Marquess of Ely, who is proprietor of the parish. In these and another public school about 330 children are educated, and about 900 are taught in 19 private schools; there are also four Sunday schools. In the vicinity of Carricklake are the ruins of a church; and near Churchhill are the remains of Castle Tully, the inhabitants of which were slaughtered in the war of 1641. Several Danish raths or forts exist here, some of which are very perfect. There is a sulphureous spring at Braad, and a chalybeate spring at Rosslemonough.

INNISMAGRATH, or ENNISMAGRATH, a parish, in the barony of DROMAHAIRE, county of LEITRIM, and province of CONNAUGHT, 5 1/4 miles (S. E.) from Dromahaire, on the road from Carrick-on-Shannon to Manor-Hamilton; containing 7979 inhabitants. This parish comprises 23,013 statute acres, principally under tillage, and includes much mountain bog. Here are coal and iron mines, which are not worked, also limestone and freestone. It is situated on Lough Allen, and is almost surrounded by bleak mountains, but has some pleasing views, especially where the Shannon enters the lake at its north-western extremity. The principal seats are Strand Hill, the residence of J. Fawcet, Esq., and Corry Lodge, of F. N. Cullen, Esq., both on the shore of Lough Allen. It is a vicarage, in the diocese of Kilmore, and in the patronage of the Bishop, to whom the rectory is appropriate. The tithes amount to £248. 2. 10 1/2., of which £20 is payable to the bishop, and the remainder to the vicar. The glebe-house was built by aid of a gift of £100 and a loan of £750 from the late Board of First Fruits, in 1815; the glebe comprises 541 acres of profitable land. The church is a neat building, erected by aid of a loan of £923 from the late Board, in 1830, and recently repaired by a grant of £127 from the Ecclesiastical Commissioners. The R. C. parish is co-extensive with that of the Established Church, and has a chapel near Drumkerrin and a newly erected one at Termon. The parochial school, in which are about 70 children, is aided by the incumbent; and there are 12 private schools, in which about 800 children are educated. On the small island of Inch are the ruins of a church, said to have been built by St. Beoy, to whom many springs in the neighbourhood are dedicated, at which his festival is celebrated on March 8th. This island has long been a favourite burial-place, and the parish was formerly called the "Parish of the Island." On the western border of Lough Allen stood the abbeys of Conagh and Tarmon, the latter of which was occupied by nuns until they were expelled by Cromwell's soldiers. Crystals and petrifactions abound in the mountains, in which there are extensive caverns, and among which are cataracts 200 feet high. Near Gubacowan is a strong chalybeate spring, called Cavan Spa.

INNISMOTT, a parish, in the barony of LOWER SLANE, county of MEATH, and province of LEINSTER, 4 miles (S. W.) from Ardee, on the road to Kingscourt, and on the river Dee; containing 405 inhabitants. It comprises 1387 statute acres, as applotted under the tithe act, The land is of good quality, based on limestone, and principally under tillage, with the exception of about 250 acres of marshy land, of which 50 form an osier bed. It is a vicarage, in the diocese of Meath, and in the gift of the Bishop; the rectory has been appropriated by the sheriffs of Drogheda as an endowment to St. Mark's chapel, in that town. The tithes amount to £80, of which £65 is payable to the incumbent of St. Mark's, and the remainder to the vicar. There is neither church, glebe-house, nor glebe. In the R. C. divisions it forms part of the union or district of Lobbinstown, or Syddan.

INNISMURRAY, an island, in the parish of AHAMPLISH, barony of LOWER CARBERY, county of SLIGO, and province of CONNAUGHT, 15 miles (N.) from Sligo; containing 87 inhabitants. This island is situated in the Atlantic Ocean, about five miles off the western coast, and 2 leagues (N. N. E.) from Ballyconnell point. A religious establishment was founded on it by St. Columb, in conjunction with St. Molasse, to whom he relinquished the whole government, and who consequently became the patron saint of the island. This little monastery, which was dedicated to the Blessed Virgin, and of which St. Dicholla, who died in 747, was abbot, was destroyed by the Danes in 804. In 1666, the island, with all its appurtenances, was granted by Chas. II. to the Earl of Strafford and Thomas Radcliffe, Esq., and is now the property of Viscount Palmerston, It consists of a vast rock rising precipitously towards the ocean and shelving gradually towards the mainland, and comprises about 126 acres of profitable land, chiefly affording pasturage to a few horses, cows, and sheep, with a large tract of turbary, which, though shallow, supplies a good hard turf impregnated with a large portion of bituminous matter. The soil of that portion which is under tillage is light, and though every means have been used to enrich the land with sea manure, the results in general are unfavourable. The inhabitants, consisting of about 18 families, and occupying about the same number of dwellings, form a community, generally intermarrying with each other, and speaking their original language. They are chiefly employed in fishing, and during the winter, when the island is inaccessible, in making whiskey. The sea affords abundance of fish, including bream, pollock, mackerel, lobsters, crabs, and other shell fish, which form their chief subsistence and are their articles of trade with the mainland. There is an abundant supply of fresh water; and on the north side of the island is a quarry of good granite. There are some remains of the old religious buildings, which were of the rudest construction. In one, resembling a fort and built of rude stones, is a figure of St. Molasse, carved in oak, about three feet high: the east end of this chapel, which is not more than 7 feet long and 4 feet wide, is covered with very fine flags, and the whole surrounded with a wall enclosing about half an acre. There are several compartments excavated in the rock, which appear to have been cells for solitary prayer; one of these is covered with a flag of the size and form of a mill-stone; and near it is a large flag stone, supported on 8 upright stones about two feet high, on which are placed about 40 or 50 stones called by the people Clougha bracka, or "the cursing stones," from a belief that by turning them, and at the same time invoking imprecations against those by whom they suspect to have been injured, a curse will fall upon that person if guilty, but if innocent, on themselves. Of another stone it is said, that if the fire of the island be by neglect or accident extinguished, if fuel be laid on it, it will immediately be ignited. The cemeteries connected with the monastic ruins are appropriated to males and females respectively. On the east, west, and north points of the island are three buildings, supposed to have been the cells of anchorites; and there is also a subterraneous cavern. About one mile to the north of the island is a rock, called Bomore, rising from a depth of 80 fathoms, the top of which at high water forms an area about 5 yards square, round which abundance of fish is caught, and a submarine vegetable found in large quantities. The passage between the mainland and the island, called Innismurray sound, is very dangerous to vessels making the passage to windward, with the wind from the west; for there are reefs extending from the mainland to the southward, where even in moderate weather is a heavy short sea. Two miles north of the island is the Boahinsky rock, always above water, at about a cable's length from the east side of which is a rocky ledge, and about a quarter of a mile to the west a dry rock. A school is supported by Owen Wynne, Esq., lessee of the estate, who allows the master £10 per annum.

INNISPATRICK, county of DUBLIN.--See HOLMPATRICK.

INNISPOLLAN, a grange, in the barony of LOWER GLENARM, county of ANTRIM, and province of ULSTER, 3 miles (N.) from Cushendall, on the road to Ballycastle; containing 155 inhabitants. This place, which is extra-parochial, comprises, according to the Ordnance survey, 933 1/2 statute acres. In the R. C. divisions it forms part of the union or district of Culfeightrin, and has a chapel at Glendon.

INNISTURK, or INISHTURK, an island, in the parish of KILGAVOWER, barony of MURRISK, county of MAYO, and province of CONNAUGHT, 20 miles (S. W.) from Westport; containing 554 inhabitants. It is situated off the western coast, near Clare island, and consists chiefly of mountainous land and bog. In the R. C. divisions it forms part of the union or district of Clare Island, and has a chapel. The pier, which was erected at the only landing-place in the island, has fallen into ruin.

INNISTYMON.--See ENNISTYMON.

INVER, a parish, in the barony of LOWER BELFAST, county of ANTRIM, and province of ULSTER, adjoining the post-town of Lame, and containing 953 inhabitants. This parish is situated on the Larne water, and on the shore of Larne Lough, and is bounded on the east by the sea. It is said to have been at a very early period the site of a priory, of which the only remains are the present parish church. During the disturbances of 1798, many of the insurgents made their escape to this place after their defeat in the battle of Antrim. It comprises, according to the Ordnance survey, 1773 statute acres, which are generally in a state of profitable cultivation; there is neither bog nor waste land. Inver Lodge is the seat of G. Whitla, Esq.; and Inver House, of Archibald Barklie, Esq. Here are some very spacious flour-mills, and adjoining them are extensive premises for bleaching and finishing linen cloth, of which 30,000 webs are annually bleached, exclusively of large quantities finished in their brown state. Iron-stone abounds, but is not worked, though every facility of conveyance is afforded by a safe harbour and good quay room. The living is a vicarage, in the diocese of Connor, forming part of the union of Carrickfergus and of the corps of the deanery of Connor; the rectory is impropriate in the Marquess of Donegal. The tithes amount to £70, of which £40 is payable to the impropriator and £30 to the vicar. The church, formerly that of the priory, has been so disfigured with plaister, as to have lost all originality of character; it has been appropriated to the perpetual curacy of Larne, in the patronage of the Dean. In the R. C. divisions the parish forms part of the union or district of Larne and Carrickfergus. About 70 children are taught in the national school at Ballysnood. There are the remains of a small fort on the banks of the river, near the church.

INVER, a parish, in the barony of BANNAGH, county of DONEGAL, and province of ULSTER, 6 miles (W.) from Donegal; containing, with the town of Mount Charles (which is described under its own head), 11,785 inhabitants. This parish, which is also called Invernayle, is situated on the river and bay of Inver, on the north-west coast; and comprises, according to the Ordnance survey, 36,810 3/4 statute acres, of which 35,943 are applotted under the tithe act, and 205 1/3 are water. St. Natalis, who died in 563, was abbot of a monastery here, on the site of which was founded, in the 15th century, a monastery for Franciscans of the third order, which after the dissolution was granted by Jas. I. to Viscount Clandeboy. The bay of Inver lies between Doorin Point and St. John's Point, both of which are included in this parish; and within the bay is Port harbour, on the south of which, at Ballymacdonnell, vessels may anchor in from three to six fathoms of water during north-west or south-east winds. In a precipice on the coast of the bay are indications of iron-ore, but none has yet been worked. Fairs are held at Mount Charles, which has a penny post to Ardara, Donegal, and Killybegs. The principal seats are White Hill, the residence of the Rev. -- Montgomery; Bonny Glen, of Murray Babington, Esq.; and the Hall, of Col. Pratt. The living is a consolidated rectory and vicarage, in the diocese of Raphoe, constituting the corps of the prebend of Inver in Raphoe cathedral, and in the patronage of the Bishop; the tithes amount to £346. 3. 1. The glebe-house is a neat residence, and the glebe comprises 210 acres, of which 97 are cultivated. The church, for the repair of which the Ecclesiastical Commissioners have recently granted £186, is a spacious edifice with a spire. The R. C. parish is co-extensive with that of the Established Church: the chapel is a spacious edifice. About 360 children are taught in five public schools, of which the parochial school is partly supported by grants from Col. Robertson's fund, a school at Mountcharles by the trustees of Erasmus Smith's charity, and a school by the Wesleyan Missionary Society. There are also 12 private schools, in which are about 350 children, and four Sunday schools. In the bog of Drumkellin, in this parish, was found, in 1833, at a depth of 16 feet beneath the surface, a wooden house 12 feet square and 9 feet high, with a roof perfectly flat, completely framed and compactly joined; the frame-work consisted of large trunks of trees, the sides of cleft planks of oak about three inches thick, and the joints were cemented with a composition resembling tar and grease. The house rested on thick layers of sand and gravel spread on the bog, which was 15 feet deep beneath its foundation; and traces of a paved road leading to it, and resting on sleepers of timber, with numerous vestiges of domestic utensils, were found in several places around the building.

INVERBEG, a village, in the parish of INVER, barony of LOWER BELFAST, county of ANTRIM, and province of ULSTER; containing 29 houses and 133 inhabitants.

INVERMORE, a village, in the parish of INVER, barony of LOWER BELFAST, county of ANTRIM, and province of ULSTER; containing 41 houses and 230 inhabitants.

IRELAND'S EYE, a small island, in the parish of HOWTH, barony of COOLOCK, county of DUBLIN, and province of LEINSTER, 1 mile (N.) from the hill of Howth. This island, of which, according to Mr. Monck Mason, the proper name is "Hir-land-sie," was selected for the site of an abbey founded in 570 by St. Nessan, over which he presided till his death, and in which was preserved the book of the four Gospels, called the "Garland of Howth." The establishment was subsequently transferred to the mainland, but there are still some remains of the prebendal church and the conventual buildings on the south-west side of the island. It is situated opposite to the mouth of the harbour of Howth, and is about one mile in circumference; the surface is very irregular, rising in some parts into perpendicular masses of rugged rock, presenting a singular and picturesque appearance, and in others wrought into the form of arches by the action of the waves. The more level portions afford good pasturage for sheep and cattle; goshawks build among the rocks. On the north, east, and west sides the island down to the water's edge consists of quartz rock, and the eastern angle is a confused mass of clay-slate and quartz rock, the former of which predominates. Near the western extremity is a martello tower.

IRISHTOWN, county of DUBLIN.--See RINGSEND.

IRISHTOWN.--See KILKENNY (City of).

IRISHTOWN, a village, in the parish of BURRY, barony of UPPER KELLS, county of MEATH, and province of LEINSTER, 2 miles (S. W.) from Kells, on the road to Mullingar; containing 27 houses and 149 inhabitants.

IRVINESTOWN, or LOWTHERSTOWN, a market and post-town, in that part of the parish of DERRYVULLEN which is in the barony of LURG, county of FERMANAGH, and province of ULSTER, 7 3/4 miles (N. W.) from Enniskillen, and 88 1/4 (S. W.) from Dublin, on the road from Enniskillen to Kesh; containing 1047 inhabitants. It consists of one street of 217 houses, and contains the parish church, a handsome modern building with a spire, erected in 1831, at an expense of £2300 of which £1385 was granted as a loan by the late Board of First Fruits. There are also two Methodist meetinghouses, a school on Erasmus Smith's foundation, and a dispensary. It is a constabulary police station, and petty sessions are held on alternate Wednesdays. The market is on Wednesday, and fairs are held on the 8th of each month and on the 12th of April.

ISERTKELLY, or DYSERTKELLY, a parish, in the barony of LOUGHREA, county of GALWAY, and province of CONNAUGHT, 7 1/2 miles (S. W.) from Loughrea on the road to Gort; containing 282 inhabitants. Here is Castleboy, the seat of R. Persse, Esq., in whose demesne are the ruins of an ancient castle in good preservation. It is a vicarage, in the diocese of Kilmacduagh, forming part of the union of Killinane; the rectory is appropriate to the see. The tithes amount to £34, of which £6 is payable to the Ecclesiastical Commissioners, and the remainder to the vicar.

ISERTLAURENCE, or ISAINT-LAURENCE, a parish, in the barony of CLANWILLIAM, county of LIMERICK, and province of MUNSTER, 6 miles (S. E.) from Limerick, on the road to Cahirconlish; containing 1009 inhabitants. It comprises 1314 statute acres; the soil is indifferent, but fine limestone is obtained and basalt rises through it in several places to a considerable height. It is a vicarage, in the diocese of Emly, forming part of the union of Ballybrood; the rectory forms the corps of the prebend of Isert-Laurence in the cathedral of Emly, and being held by the bishop gives him a seat in the chapter-house. The tithes amount to £138. 9. 24., of which £92. 6. 1 3/4. is payable to the bishop, as prebendary, and the remainder to the vicar. In the R. C. divisions it is part of the union or district of Cahirconlish, and has a small chapel, near which is a burial-ground containing a well dedicated to St. Laurence, which is much resorted to. About 110 children are educated in a national school adjoining the chapel. There are some remains of a fortress at Scagh-ard, and the ruins of the castle of Grenane.

ISHARTMON, a parish, in the barony of FORTH, county of WEXFORD, and province of LEINSTER, 3 miles (S. W. by W.) from Broadway, near the road to New Ross; containing 229 inhabitants. This small parish, comprising only 930 statute acres, is pleasantly situated on the lake of Tacumshane, which during severe winters is frequented by a variety of wild fowl, though not so much so as formerly. The state of agriculture is in some parts much improved; the cultivation of green crops has been introduced. Marl and building stone are found, of which the former is used for manure; and at Lyngstown are several deep holes, supposed to have been the shafts of an old copper mine. The seats are Butlerstown Castle, the residence of J. Boxwell, Esq.; and Lyngstown Castle, of Harvey Boxwell, Esq. It is an impropriate curacy, in the diocese of Ferns, forming part of the union of Killinick; the rectory is impropriate in the Earl of Portsmouth. The tithes amount to £60. 18. 5 1/2., of which £24 is payable to the impropriator, and the remainder to the curate. In the R. C. divisions it is part of the union or district of Maglass or Ballymore. The ruins of the church still exist; and of the ancient castle of Butlerstown, a large square tower, 75 feet high, remains in a good state of preservation adjoining the modern mansion of the same name.

ISLAND (The), or INCHYDONY, a parish, partly in the Eastern Division of the barony of EAST CARBERY, but chiefly in the barony of IBANE and BARRYROE, county of CORK, and province of MUNSTER, 1 1/2 mile (S.) from Clonakilty; containing 1445 inhabitants. It is situated on the bay of Clonakilty, in which is the island from which it takes its name. In 1390, De Courcy, Baron of Kinsale, and his brother Patrick, were put to death by the Irish of Carbery under the command of Daniel Moel McCarty Reagh. In 1584, the island, having escheated to the Crown, was granted by Queen Elizabeth to the Bishop of Ross. After the battle of Clonakilty, in 1642, 600 of the Irish forces fled towards this island as a place of refuge; but the tide setting in at the time, they were all drowned before they could reach it. An extensive strand surrounds the base of the island, which is dry at low water; it comprises more than 1000 acres of rich alluvial soil, which might be reclaimed from the sea and brought into profitable cultivation. The parish contains 2502 statute acres, as applotted under the tithe act: the land is fertile and in a state of high cultivation; it is principally under tillage, with some rich pasture; the system of agriculture is improved, and there is neither waste land nor bog. Sea manure is obtained in abundance, and is brought in by sand boats and lighters daily. The principal seats are Island House, that of T. Hungerford, Esq., pleasantly situated in a retired and sheltered part of the island; and Dunowen, of Geo. Sandes, Esq., occupying an interesting site on the mainland. The living is a vicarage, in the diocese of Ross, formerly united to those of Kilgarriffe, Castleventry, Kilkerranmore, Ardfert, and Desart, from which it was severed in 1829, and now solely constitutes the prebend of Island in the cathedral of Ross, with which are held the vicarages of Kilgarriffe and Desart, and in the patronage of the Bishop; the rectory is impropriate in the representatives of F. Townsend, Esq. The tithes of the prebend amount to £260, and of the benefices held with it, to £250. In the R. C. divisions the parish is partly in the union of Clonakilty, and partly in that of Rathbarry. Near Dunmore is a rich vein of lead ore, containing nearly 15 per cent, of pure silver; it is close upon the shore, but has not been worked with perseverance. On an elevated site in the north-western part of the island are the ruins of the old church.

ISLAND BRIDGE, a village, in the parish of ST. JAMES, barony of NEWCASTLE, county of DUBLIN, and province of LEINSTER, on the southern bank of the Liffey; the population is returned with the parish. A beautiful bridge crosses the Liffey at this place: it consists of one elliptical arch, 104 feet 10 inches in span, the key-stone of which is 24 feet above high water mark. The first stone was laid, in 1791, by Sarah, Countess of Westmoreland, after whom it is named Sarah Bridge. Here are very extensive artillery barracks, with an hospital, but it is intended to remove the artillery to the buildings of the Foundling Hospital, when the institution shall have been closed after the children now maintained in it are provided for elsewhere. Printworks were established in 1786, which have been greatly enlarged by the present proprietor, W. Henry, Esq., who has a handsome residence near them: they are on the banks of the Liffey, and furnish employment for between 500 and 600 persons. Here is also an extensive flour-mill belonging to Messrs. Manders and Co. Near the village is a spring, called St. John's well, at which a kind of festival of considerable antiquity is held on St. John's eve. It is much frequented by the working classes from the metropolis, for whom tents are pitched and the usual entertainments of patron days provided.

ISLANDEADY, or ISLANDINE, also called ISLANDEDIN, a parish, partly in the barony of BURRISHOOLE, but chiefly in that of CARRA, county of MAYO, and province of CONNAUGHT, 3 1/4 miles (W. N. W.) from Castlebar, on the road to Westport; containing 8564 inhabitants. It comprises about 25,920 statute acres, of which 23,936 are applotted under the tithe act, and valued at £6154 per annum. There is much bog and mountain, and a lake 4 miles long, in which are two islands crowned with luxuriant woods. Here is abundance of fine limestone, which is quarried for building, and formerly large iron-works existed, of which great quantities of the scoria still remain. The principal seats are Mucknagh, the residence of M. Rowland, Esq.; Green Hill, of J. Bourke, Esq.; Woodville, of T. Bourke, Esq.; Cloonane, of J. O'Malley, Esq.; and Rahens, of H. J. H. Browne, Esq., which was occupied by the French in 1798. Near this seat is a monument, 86 feet high, erected by the late Dodwell Browne, Esq., in memory of his wife; also a very ancient windmill. It is a rectory and vicarage, in the diocese of Tuam, forming part of the union of Castlebar: the tithes amount to £240. The R. C. parish is co-extensive with that of the Established Church, and has a chapel at Glen island, built in 1820 at an expense of £150, and one in Islandeady, which cost £300. There are a public and five private schools. The old church is in ruins.

ISLAND-ICANE, a parish, in the barony of MIDDLETHIRD, county of WATERFORD, and province of MUNSTER, 8 miles (S. S. W.) from Waterford, on the south-eastern coast, containing 1139 inhabitants. Off the coast are several rocks partially covered with grass, called the Isles of Icane. Further to the west a range of basaltic rocks of columnar structure projects into the sea, having a bold and picturesque appearance. Lead has been extensively obtained here, and there are indications of other metals. At Ballyscanlan is a lake of about 20 acres. On the verge of the parish, close to the picturesque ruins of the castle of Don Isle, is Dunhill Lodge, the residence of W. Power, Esq. It is a rectory, in the diocese of Waterford, forming part of the union of Kilbride; the tithes amount to £164. 3. 2. In the R. C. divisions it is part of the union or district of Dunhill, and contains a chapel. Here is a private school of about 100 children.

ISLAND MAGEE, otherwise ISLAND MAGUY, a parish, in the barony of LOWER BELFAST, county of ANTRIM, and province of ULSTER, 6 miles (N. E. by E.) from Carrickfergus; containing 2610 inhabitants. Edward Bruce landed on this island in 1315; and Sir Moyses Hill, ancestor of the Marquess of Downshire, took refuge in a cave here when pursued by the Mac Donells, who had slain Sir John Chichester. In 1642 all the R. C. inhabitants were killed by some Scottish soldiers under Munro, on their march to Carrickfergus. The parish forms a peninsula between Larne Lough and the North Sea, and the Isle of Muck or March lies near the coast. According to the Ordnance survey it comprises 7036 1/2 statute acres of excellent land in a high state of cultivation, which produces wheat and beans of the finest quality. Coal is supposed to exist, and basalt used for building and for repairing the roads is abundant. Spinning and the weaving of linen cloth and calico are carried on in various parts of the parish, and some of the inhabitants are employed in fishing. There is a pier at Portmuck, from which much limestone is shipped.

There are coast-guard stations at Portmuck and Blackhead, which are included in the district of Carrickfergus. A court is held by the seneschal of the Marquess of Donegal, for the recovery of debts and the determination of pleas to the amount of £20. It is a rectory, in the diocese of Connor, forming part of the union of Carrickfergus: the tithes amount to £400. The church, a small edifice, rebuilt in 1827, on the foundations of an ancient and more extensive structure, is close to the margin of Larne Lough. There are two places of worship for Presbyterians, of the third class, one in connection with the Synod of Ulster, the other with the Seceding Synod. About 270 children are educated in 10 private schools. Near Brown's bay is a rocking stone, weighing about 12 tons; and at Ballyumpage are the remains of a cromlech or druids' altar; there are also the remains of two ancient churches. In the cliffs called the Gobbins are seven caves, into which the tide flows: they are a little above low water mark, under a basaltic rock, 210 feet high, intersected by layers of ochreous basalt, about an inch thick, and of a deep vermillion colour. Near the entrance to the peninsula are the remains of Castle Chichester, occupying a beautiful situation on a bold shore. A spring of pure but weak saline water rises near Red Hill. The ancient rent of this island was two goshawks and a pair of gloves.

ITTAGH.--See ETTAGH.

IVERNOON, county of ROSCOMMON.--See ST. JOHN'S.

IVERUS, or IVEROSSA, a parish, in the barony of KENRY, county of LIMERICK, and province of MUNSTER, 3 miles (N.) from Askeaton, on the lower road to Limerick, and on the rivers Shannon and Deel; containing 1884 inhabitants. Its name is derived from Iverus, a Danish commander who sailed up the Shannon, in 824, with a powerful fleet, and after obtaining possession of Limerick founded a church here, on the spot where he had encamped at his debarkation. The parish comprises 2606 statute acres, as applotted under the tithe act: the land is very fertile, and in some places under an excellent system of cultivation. It is embellished with many elegant houses, the chief of which are Ballysteen, the residence of E. Westropp, Esq.; Miltown, of the Rev. A. Champagne; Ballynacourty, of T. E. Davenport, Esq.; Castle View, of H. Ross, Esq.; and Beigh, of the Rev. G. Maxwell; besides many good farm-houses, around which are flourishing orchards. The country around Miltown is peculiarly beautiful, being highly cultivated, well fenced, and adorned with cottages and lodges. It is a vicarage, in the diocese of Limerick, forming part of the union of Askeaton; the rectory is impropriate in Sir M. Blackeston. The tithes amount to £240, of which £160 is payable to the impropriator, and the remainder to the vicar. Divine service is regularly performed in the parochial school, which was erected in 1829, on an acre of land given by J. Waller, Esq., of Castletown, at the expense of the vicar, by whom it is chiefly supported. In the R. C. divisions also it is part of the union or district of Askeaton, and has a small chapel at Ballysteen. The ruins of the ancient church occupy an elevated site, and, with the exception of the roof, are nearly perfect. On the bank of the Shannon are the ruins of Beh or Beigh castle, and here are some Danish raths or forts in great perfection.

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