Title Page | Preface |A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T | U | V | W | Y | Appendix | Mileage Conversion

[Subscribers List a | b | c | d | e | f | g | h | i | j | k | l | m | n | o | p | q | r | s | t | u | v | w | y ]

C1 | C2 | C3| C4 | C5 | C6 | C7 | C8

CORKBEG, a parish, in the barony of IMOKILLY, county of CORK, and province of MUNSTER, 5 miles (S. W.) from Cloyne; containing 2221 inhabitants. This parish is situated on the southern coast, at the entrance to Cork harbour, by which it is bounded on the west. In 1690, the fortress, erected in 1596, to protect the entrance to the harbour, was garrisoned for Jas. II., but his troops were driven out by the Earl of Marlborough, on the 21st of September, and this was the first strong hold he took in Ireland. After this it was suffered to fall into decay, the platform or gun batteries being all that now remains. The parish contains 3319 statute acres, as applotted under the tithe act, and 100 acres within the walls of Carlisle fort, which are uncultivated and nominally tithe-free. About three-fourths of the land are under tillage, and clover and green crops are grown in small quantities. The principal seats are Rochemount, the residence of J. W. Roche, Esq.; Trabolgan, of E. Roche, Esq., surrounded by a finely varied and well-planted demesne of 400 acres: the mansion has an extensive front facing the sea, and includes two conservatories containing a fine collection of exotics. On the north-west side of the parish, projecting into the harbour, is Corkbeg House, the elegant residence of R. U. Penrose Fitzgerald, Esq.; the lawn and shrubbery are connected by a narrow slip with the main land, where the remainder of the demesne, comprising 350 acres of some of the best cultivated land in the barony is situated. Carlisle fort and Roche's tower lighthouse are within the limits of the parish: the former, which is situated near the mouth of Cork harbour, is a large fortress, erected at a great expense soon after the entrance of the French fleet into Bantry bay, and was garrisoned till 1828; the barrack will accommodate 7 officers and 155 artillery men, but is at present occupied only by a master-gunner and six men. Roche's tower lighthouse, which was rebuilt in 1835, is on the eastern side of the entrance to the harbour, and occupies the site of an old castle, called Roche's tower: the lantern is elevated 139 feet above high water mark, and consists of 10 lamps giving a steady fixed light, which may be seen 14 nautical miles in clear weather. As seen from the harbour and from Cove, the light is bright, and from the sea it is a deep red. Large vessels entering the harbour at nearly low water should be careful to avoid the rocks called the Stags, which are on the east side of the entrance, and the harbour rock, which is within them, and bears N. N. W. 3/4 W. from Roche's tower nearly half a mile, and has 15 feet of water at low spring tides.

The living is a rectory and vicarage, in the diocese of Cloyne, and was formerly part of the union of Ahada, but, on the death of Dr. Brinkley, in 1835, who held it as Bishop of Cloyne, the union was dissolved, and it now forms a separate living, in the gift of the Crown. The tithes amount to £517. 12. 3. The glebe comprises 22 acres, and it is intended to erect a glebe-house. The old church of this parish being in ruins, a new one will be built at the same time partly by private subscriptions, and partly by an expected grant from the Ecclesiastical Commissioners. In the R. C. divisions this parish is part of the district of Ahada. The parochial school for boys is in the village of Whitegate: it was built and endowed in 1831, by Col. Fitzgerald. The female and infants' schools are altogether supported by Mrs. Blakeney Fitzgerald. A free school was founded in 1818 by the late John Roche, Esq., who endowed it with £10 per annum: it is now under the National Board. There are also two private schools. The number of children receiving education in 1835, was 179. The ruins of the old church, which is supposed to have been built in 1587, are in the midst of a large wood. On the north side of them is a mausoleum belonging to the family of Roche, of Trabolgan; and on the south-west side is a large enclosed space belonging to the ancient family of Fitzgerald. Between the lighthouse and Carlisle fort are the remains of Prince Rupert's tower; and near Corkbeg House are the ruins of the old castle, built by the Condons in 1369, and for a long period the residence of that family. In the middle of a large field at Finnure are extensive ruins, supposed to have belonged to a religious establishment.

COROFIN. -- See CUROFIN.

CORRICK, or CORRIG-BRIDGE, a village, in the parish of KILCOMMON, barony of ERRIS, county of MAYO, and province of CONNAUGHT, 16 miles (E.) from Belmullet: the population is returned with the parish. This village is situated on the road from Crossmolina and Castlebar to Belmullet, and on the river Corrig or Owenmore, over which is a bridge of four arches, from which it takes its name; it is a constabulary police station.

CORROFIN. -- See KILMOCRENAN.

CORROGE, a parish, in the barony of CLANWILLIAM, county of TIPPERARY, and province of MUNSTER, 1 mile (E. S. E.) from Tipperary: the population is returned with the parish of Kilshane. This parish comprises only 753 statute acres. It is a vicarage, in the diocese of Emly, and forms part of the union and corps of the prebend of Lattin in the cathedral of Emly: the rectory is impropriate in the representatives of the Rev. Robt. Watts. The tithes amount to £45 per annum, payable in equal moieties to the impropriator and the incumbent. The burial-ground is still used.

COSCORY, or ENNIS-CORKER, an island, in the parish of KILDYSART, barony of CLONDERLAW, county of CLARE, and province of MUNSTER, 1 mile (E. by S.) from Kildysart. This island, which is inhabited by one family only, is situated near the western shore of the river Fergus, at its junction with the Shannon, and contains about 165 statute acres of excellent land, which is mostly in pasture; the portion under tillage is manured with sea-weed, and produces good crops of grain and potatoes.

COTLANDSTOWN, a parish, partly in the barony of UPPERCROSS, county of DUBLIN, and partly in that of UPPER NAAS, county of KILDARE, and province of LEINSTER, 1 1/4 mile (E. by N.) from Ballymore-Eustace; containing 459 inhabitants. This parish is situated on the river Liffey, and on the road from Ballymore-Eustace to Kilcullen. It comprises 1490 statute acres, partly in pasture and partly under tillage; the system of agriculture is improving, and the principal crops are barley, oats, and potatoes. The gentlemen's seats are Stonebrook, the residence of O'Connor Henehy, Esq., in whose demesne is the ancient parochial burial-ground; and Mullaboden, of the Rev. H. Johnston. The Dublin part of the parish is within the jurisdiction of St. Sepulchre's Court, Dublin. The parish is partly in the diocese of Dublin, and partly in that of Kildare: the rectory of the Kildare portion is appropriate to the see, and that of the Dublin portion forms part of the corps of the treasurership of St. Patrick's cathedral; the vicarage forms part of the union of Ballymore-Eustace. The tithes amount to £69. 15. 5 1/4., of which £49.7. 6 1/4. is payable to the Bishop of Kildare, £4.7. 11. to the lessee of the treasurer of St. Patrick's, Dublin, and the remaining £8 to the vicar. In the R. C. divisions the parish forms part of the union or district of Ballymore-Eustace. In the Kildare part of the parish is a private school of about 20 boys and 20 girls.

COUMDEEHY, a village, in the parish of BALLYHEIGUE, barony of CLANMAURICE, county of KERRY, and province of MUNSTER, 10 miles (N. N. W.) from Tralee; containing 378 inhabitants. It is situated on the road from Tralee to Kerry Head, and near the western coast, and comprises about 50 houses, which are mostly thatched. Here are stations of the constabulary police and coast-guard. Races are annually held on the beach in September, and a patent for a fair on the 8th and 9th of that month exists, but is not acted upon. A considerable quantity of sea-weed is collected on the beach and used as manure. The coast here is extremely dangerous; the bay, which is shallow and has a foul bottom, has often been mistaken for the mouth of the Shannon, in consequence of an error in marking the latitude of Loop Head on the charts, which has occasioned many fatal shipwrecks. The parochial church and glebe-house are within a quarter of a mile of the village; near the latter is a school, supported by the incumbent, the Rev. J. P. Chute.

COURTMACSHERRY, a maritime village, in the parish of LISLEE, barony of IBANE and BARRYROE, county of CORK, and province of MUNSTER, 2 1/2 miles (S. E.) from Timoleague; containing 680 inhabitants. This village is pleasantly situated on the harbour of the same name on the southern coast, and contains about 140 houses, which form one long street extending along the south side of the bay. Its eastern part consists of small mean cabins, but in the western are numerous large and handsome houses, recently erected for the accommodation of visitors during the bathing season. It possesses many local advantages for trade and commerce, and is well situated for carrying on an extensive fishery; for which, and the general improvement of the place, great encouragement has been lately afforded by the Earl of Shannon. Several small vessels of different classes are engaged in the coal and corn trade, in the fishery, and in the conveyance of sand for manure. Of these, seven are colliers trading with Newport, eight are hookers, engaged in conveying corn, potatoes, &c, to Cork, and bringing back timber, iron, and other merchandize; four are lighters, chiefly employed in conveying sand; and about 20 vessels are exclusively engaged in the fisheries: the value of the fish taken in 1835 was estimated at £2460. A small but convenient pier, constructed chiefly at the expense of the Earl of Shannon, has proved a great protection to the fisheries and very beneficial to trade. Several new lines of road have been lately opened, and other improvements are in contemplation, which, together with its beautiful and sheltered situation, the salubrity of its atmosphere, and the abundant supply of fish and all other kinds of provision, have rendered this village one of the most fashionable bathing-places on the southern coast. Small vessels may lie in safety, in two fathoms of water, near the quay in this harbour; and about a quarter of a mile to the east, in a very small creek formed by a perpendicular clay cliff, a vessel may lie in 1 1/2 or 2 fathoms; but as the channel is narrow and the tide rapid, one anchor must lie on the shore: near the middle of the bay are two rocks, called the Barrels; the southernmost is small, and dry at low water, and the other, which is larger, is about 1/2 a mile to the north of the former, and is seldom seen above water. At the southernmost Barrel rock the extremity of the old head of Kinsale bears S. e. by e., and the Horse rock, which is always above water, w. To avoid the Barrel rocks on the west side, vessels should keep within a mile and a half of the shore, on the west side of the bay. The best anchorage, in westerly winds, is on the same side of the bay, in 10 or 12 fathoms, or on the north side of the Horse rock, in 4 or 5 fathoms. At the village is a station of the coast-guard, being one of the eight comprised in the district of Kinsale. Here are also male, female, and infants' schools, built and supported by Mr. and the Misses Leslie; and a clothing establishment, under the management of the vicar, is supported by subscription, and, together with a loan fund, has proved very beneficial to the poor. Adjoining the village is the beautiful demesne and summer residence of the Earl of Shannon; in the immediate neighbourhood are the ruins of Abbey Mahon; and at the distance of two miles are the extensive and picturesque ruins of the abbey and castle of Timoleague.

COVE, commonly called the COVE of CORK, a sea-port, market, and post-town, partly in the parish of CLONMELL, but chiefly in that of TEMPLEROBIN, in the Great Island, barony of BARRYMORE, county of CORK, and province of MUNSTER; containing 6996 inhabitants. By way of Passage, crossing the ferry, it is only 9 1/2 miles (E. S. E.) from Cork; but overland, by way of Foaty, it is 14 1/4 miles from that city, and 133 miles (S. W. by S.) from Dublin. It is situated on the north side of Cork harbour, in lat. 54° 51', and lon. 8° 18' 45". The progress of Cove has been very rapid. So recently as 1786 it was a small village, consisting of a few scattered houses inhabited by the tide-waiters and pilots of Cork, and some miserable cabins occupied by fishermen; at present it is a large and handsome town, comprising nine large and several smaller streets. The great increase of its population principally arose from its convenient situation for the shipping in Cork harbour, in which, during the French war, 600 sail of merchant vessels have been at anchor at one time, and 400 sail have left the harbour under convoy in one day. These great fleets always lay immediately in front of the present town, and many of them within half a cable's length of the shore. It has also been greatly benefited by the erection of Carlisle and Camden forts; martello towers on Great Island, Hawlbowling, and Ringskiddy; and by the bomb-proof artillery barracks on Spike Island. In addition to this, Hawlbowling was fortified and made the ordnance depot, and the Lords of the Admiralty made it the only naval victualling dep6t in Ireland; and Rocky island was excavated and made the chief gunpowder magazine for the southern part of the kingdom. It was also the place of embarkation for troops ordered on foreign service, and the station of an admiral. The great expenditure of money for these works, and for the supply of provisions and other requisites for the shipping in the harbour, caused many persons to settle here, and the number was increased by the visits of invalids and persons of fortune, who were attracted by the salubrity of its climate and the beauty of its situation in the finest harbour in Europe. Cove is built on the side of a clay-slate hill, on the south shore of Great Island, which rises from the water's edge, and being very steep, the streets, which are parallel to the shore, rise tier above tier, and being backed by the high grounds of the island, present a very picturesque view from the entrance to the harbour. The principal streets are nearly level, and those that connect them wind so gradually as greatly to diminish the apparent steepness of their ascent. The houses in the main streets are mostly large and well built of stone, and many of them faced with slate; the streets are all wide, clean, well paved, and abundantly supplied with water from springs in the clay-slate. The principal market is on Saturday, but there is one held daily, which is abundantly supplied with fish, vegetables, meat, &c. A large and handsome market-house, consisting of a centre and wings, was erected by the late J. Smith Barry, Esq., in 1806: the centre is appropriated to the sale of fish and vegetables, the west wing to the storing and sale of potatoes, and the east wing is fitted up as shambles. The post is daily, and yielded a revenue of £977 when the last return was made to parliament. There is a constabulary police barrack; and a chief coast-guard station, the head of the district, which includes Cove, Ballycroneen, Poor Head, the lighthouse, East Ferry, Cork, Crosshaven, and Robert's Cove. Petty sessions are held every week; and there is a small prison of two cells for the temporary confinement of offenders. Near the western entrance to the town is a large and handsome pier, erected in 1805, at a cost of £20,000, and connected with it are very capacious quays. Here is a building called the Boarding Station, occupied by tide-waiters and other custom-house officers of Cork. The views round Cove are extremely beautiful. Beyond the harbour, on the east, are Rostellan, Castle-Mary, and the vale of Cloyne, with its ancient cathedral and round tower; to the south is the capacious bay, with its numerous ships, noble entrance, lighthouse, and forts; on the west is Ringskiddy with its martello tower, Carrigaline with its noble estuary, and the broad entrance to the Lee; and on the north are the high lands of Great Island, which shelter the town of Cove in that direction. Near the town are several elegant mansions, marine villas, &c, which are more particularly noticed in the article on Great Island. The celebrated regatta of Cove takes place in July or August: the prizes are numerous and valuable, and many of the best yachts in Ireland, with some from England and Scotland, attend its celebration. Near the custom-house quay is a splendid edifice in the Italian style, built by the Yacht Club and occupied by its members during the regatta season. The parish church of the union of Clonmell and Templerobin is on an elevated site in the centre of the town: it is a large and elegant edifice, in the early English style of architecture, with stained glass windows, and was built in 1810, by aid of a loan of £2000 from the late Board of First Fruits. Near it is a R. C. chapel, which was enlarged in 1835. There is also a small place of worship for Wesleyan Methodists. The parochial schools are large neat buildings, erected by subscription on land given by Lord Midleton, who is an occasional donor; they are under the Kildare-place Society, but are supported by subscription. An infants' school has existed here about three years, and is supported by subscription: a school-house is being built for it near the parochial schools; and a very large building for a national school is also in progress of erection, partly at the expense of the National Board, and partly by a bequest of £25 per annum left by W. Lynch, Esq., in 1831. There are a fever hospital and a dispensary, and a military bathing hospital for the province of Munster. There is a parochial alms-house for twelve poor Protestants, each of whom receives 2s. 6d. weekly from the Sunday collections in the church, with coal and clothing during the winter, from a bequest of £100 by the late Miss Spratt. A Benevolent Society, and a loan fund for poor mechanics, have also been established.

COVE, or SUMMERCOVE, a village, in the parish of RINCURRAN, barony of KINSALE, county of CORK, and province of MUNSTER, 1 mile (E.) from Kinsale; containing 446 inhabitants. This village is beautifully situated on the harbour of Kinsale, and consists of neatly built houses, among which are several commodious villas and lodges for the accommodation of the numerous visitors from various parts of the country that frequent this place during the summer for the benefit of sea-bathing. An extensive fishery is carried on, and affords employment to a large portion of the inhabitants. An annual regatta is held in July or August, and a racecourse has been formed in the vicinity by subscription, where races are held after the regatta. In the village are the male and female parochial schools, established by the rector in 1829, in connection with the Kildare-place Society, but now supported by him in connection with the Cork Diocesan Association: the rector also provides a house, rent-free, for the master. Above the village is the church of Rincurran, a beautiful and conspicuous object; and in the vicinity is the extensive garrison of Charlesfort.

CRANFIELD, a parish, in the barony of UPPER TOOME, county of ANTRIM, and province of ULSTER, 1 mile (S. W. by S.) from Randalstown; containing 386 inhabitants. This parish is situated on the road from Randalstown to Toome, and on the western shore of Lough Neagh, of which, according to the Ordnance survey, it comprises 2691 1/2 statute acres, besides 834 1/2 acres of land in a good state of cultivation, agriculture having greatly improved; there is neither bog nor waste land: the spinning and weaving of linen cloth is carried on. It is within the jurisdiction of the manorial court of Mullaghgane, held every month at Toome. The living is a rectory, in the diocese of Down and Connor, partly impropriate in William Cranstone, Esq., of Belfast, and partly episcopally united, from time immemorial, to the vicarage of Duneane, to the church of which the Protestant inhabitants of this parish resort. The tithes amount to £35. 11. 11. The ancient parish church is now a noble pile of ruins, situated on the verge of Cranfield Point, overlooking Lough Neagh. Near them is a celebrated well, to which the peasantry resort in great numbers on June 26th, 27th, and 28th, and booths are erected for their accommodation; they perform "stations", round the ruins of the church, and drink and wash in the waters of the well, which is supposed to have been endued with healing properties by St. Olcan, who is traditionally recorded to have been buried here in earth brought from Rome; and in which are found beautiful yellow crystals, very scarce and held in high estimation. A curiously carved cross of wood, marking the limit of what is considered holy ground, stands a mile from the well.

CRAUGHWELL, a post-town, in the parish of KILLORA, barony of DUNKELLIN, county of GALWAY, and province of CONNAUGHT, 12 miles (S. E. by E.) from Galway, and 92 (W. by S.) from Dublin: the population is returned with the parish. Petty sessions are held every Monday, and a constabulary police force is stationed here. The town is intersected by a mountain stream, and in the neighbourhood are several gentlemen's seats, among which are Ballimore, the residence of R. Rathborne, Esq.; Rockfield, of Mark Browne, Esq.; Aggard, of John Lambert, Esq.; and Moyode Castle, of Burton Persse, Esq. The church for the union of Killinane, and the Roman Catholic chapel, are situated here.

CREAGH, a parish, in the Eastern Division of the barony of WEST CARBERY, county of CORK, and province of MUNSTER; containing, with the greater part of the post-town of Skibbereen, 5914 inhabitants. It is situated on the southern coast, and comprises 6897 statute acres, as applotted under the tithe act, and valued at £4849 per annum, of which about 80 are woodland. The surface is very uneven, rising into mountains of considerable elevation, and of the schistus formation, extending over about one-third of the parish; they are mostly rocky and bare, but in some places afford excellent pasturage. There are few fields where the rock does not appear, but there is scarcely an acre which does not afford some pasture or tillage, which is carried even to the top of the hills. There are about 20 acres of bog. The land under cultivation yields tolerable crops, mostly produced by spade labour. The parish is bounded on the north by the river Ilen, along the banks of which the land is very good and in many places richly planted. The whole of the corn exported from Skibbereen is shipped at an excellent quay at Oldcourt, on this river, to which vessels of 200 tons' burden can come up at high water, being conveyed thither in small four-oared boats. A manor court is held every three weeks, for the recovery of debts under 40s.; and here are the ruins of an ancient castle, now converted into corn-stores. Near the southern boundary of the parish, which opens upon the Atlantic, is Lough Hyne, a curious and extensive gulph, penetrating nearly two miles inland, and the passage from the sea being very narrow, and between craggy cliffs, the water rushes through it with great violence on the ebb and flow of every tide. The best oysters and several kinds of sea fish are found in it; and in its centre is a small island, containing the ruins of Cloghan castle, one of the castles of the O'Driscolls. The surrounding scenery is very beautiful, the mountain sides being clothed with young and thriving plantations. A new road has lately been formed, and other improvements are in progress. Good slate is obtained in many places. The principal seats in the parish are Creagh House, the residence of Sir W. W. Becher, Bart.; Killeena, of the Rev. John Wright; the glebe-house, of the Rev. H. B. Macartney; Lough Hyne Cottage; of D. McCarty, Esq.; Inane, of H. Marmion, Esq.; Glenview, of S. Lewis, Esq.; Green Park, of John Gallwey, Esq.; and there are some large and substantial farm-houses.

The living is a rectory in the diocese of Ross, and in the patronage of the Bishop: the tithes amount to £500, and there is a glebe of 15 acres. The church is a small neat edifice, with a square tower ornamented with pinnacles: it was erected by aid of a gift of £600, and a loan of £400, in 1810, from the late Board of First Fruits. In the R. C. divisions this parish forms part of the union of Skibbereen. The parochial school was built on the glebe in 1834; it is in connection with the Cork Diocesan Association, but is principally supported by the rector; and there is a national school in Skibbereen. In these about 150 boys and 60 girls are taught; and there is also a private school of about 50 children. The ruins of the old church adjoin the present edifice; on the glebe is a holy well.

CREAGH, a parish, in the half-barony of MOYCARNON, county of ROSCOMMON, and province of CONNAUGHT; containing, with a part of the post-town of Ballinasloe, 2864 inhabitants. This parish is situated on the river Suck, which is here 116 feet above the level of the sea, and on the road from Athlone to Galway; it comprises 4775 statute acres, as applotted under the tithe act; the agriculture is greatly improving, limestone abounds, and there is a considerable portion of bog. The principal seats are Fort-William, the residence of T. Lancaster, Esq.; Ardcarn, of Capt, J. Bell; Lancaster Park, of J. Lynch, Esq.; Castle Park, of W. D. Kelly, Esq.; Birchgrove, of J. O'Shaughnessy, Esq.; and Woodmount, of Hugh Kelly, Esq. The living is a vicarage, in the diocese of Clonfert, united episcopally, with a portion of the. rectory, about 1739, to the rectory of Taghmaconnell and the rectory and vicarage of Kilcloony, together forming the union of Creagh, in the patronage of the Bishop; the other portion of the rectory is partly appropriate to the see, and partly to the deanery, of Clonfert. The tithes amount to £135, and of the union to £279. 19. 0 1/2.: there is no glebe-house, but there are two glebes, containing 6a. 1r. 6p. The church is in Ballinasloe, a neat cruciform edifice with a small spire, and was built by aid of a loan of £962, in 1818, from the late Board of First Fruits. In the R. C. divisions the parish forms the head of the union or district of Kilcloony or Ballinasloe, and contains a chapel. About 50 boys and 20 girls are taught in the parochial free school, under the London Hibernian Societies, aided by donations from Lady Clancarty and the incumbent; and about 170 boys and 70 girls are educated in five private schools. The burial-ground is attached to the ruins of the old parish church. In the grounds of Thomas Lancaster, Esq., is a mineral spring, not at present resorted to.

CRECORA, a parish, partly in the county of the city of LIMERICK, partly in the barony of COSHMA, but chiefly in the barony of PUBBLEBRIEN, county of LIMERICK, and province of MUNSTER, 5 miles (S. W.) from Limerick; containing 1928 inhabitants. It is situated on the road from Patrick's Well to Bruff, and contains 3010 statute acres, as applotted under the tithe act, of which 194 are in the townland of Kilgobban, which is near Adare, and detached from the main body of the parish, forming one estate, generally called Adare Farm. The land is every where good, being based on a substratum of limestone, and about two-thirds are under tillage, the chief crops being wheat and potatoes: but on the Ashfort estate, consisting of 200 acres, the farmer is subject to a heavy penalty should more than 3 acres be at one time under tillage. Here are four detached bogs, comprising about 300 acres, which are become very valuable and could be let at a very high rent. The surface of the country is generally interesting, and ornamented by several handsome houses, the principal of which are Richmond Villa, the neat residence of Mrs. Wallace; Jockey Hall, now occupied by a farmer; Greenmount, the residence of John Green, Esq.; Doneen, of Villiers Peacock, Esq.; Ballymurphy, of Eyre Powell, Esq.; and Ashfort, of the Rev. Joseph Jones. The living is a vicarage, in the diocese of Limerick, and in the patronage of the Vicars Choral of the cathedral of Limerick, to whom the rectory is appropriate: the tithes amount to £210, of which £135 is payable to the lessee of the appropriators, and £75 to the vicar. There is neither church nor glebe-house, but a glebe of 17 1/4 Irish acres, 10 of which belong to the appropriators, and 7 1/4 to the vicar. In the R. C. divisions this parish is the head of a union or district, also called Loughmore, comprising the parishes of Crecora, Mungret, Knocknagaul, and part of Kilpeacon, and containing two chapels, situated respectively at Crecora and Mungret; the former is a large modern edifice. From the interesting ruins of the old church, which was destroyed in the war of 1641, it seems to have been well built and capacious: many of the wealthy families of the neighbourhood have vaults in the cemetery. About 100 boys and 60 girls are educated in three private schools here.

CRECRIM. -- See CRYCRIM.

CREEKSTOWN, or CRIKSTOWN, a parish, in the barony of RATOATH, county of MEATH, and province of LEINSTER, 13 miles (N. N. W.) from Dublin, on the road to Belfast; containing 209 inhabitants. This parish comprises 1380 statute acres, as applotted under the tithe act, and valued at £1399 per annum. Sothern, the neat residence of E. H. W. Roney, Esq., is situated here. It is a vicarage, in the diocese of Meath, and is part of the union of Ratoath: the tithes amount to £90. In the R. C. divisions it is the head of a union or district, comprising the parishes of Creekstown, Kilmoon, Kilbrew, Donaghmore, and Grenogue, and containing two chapels, one at Curraha and one at Donaghmore, both plain buildings and the former now being rebuilt. About 30 children are taught in a school held in the chapel. The parish formerly belonged to the Barnewall family, of whose ancient residence there are some remains, as there are also of the parish church.

CREEVE, a parish, partly in the barony of ROSCOMMON, but chiefly in that of BOYLE, county of ROSCOMMON, and province of CONNAUGHT, 3 miles (N.) from Elphin, on the road to Boyle; containing 3159 inhabitants. It comprises 2716 statute acres, as applotted under the tithe act. The surface is varied with low elevations of limestone and limestone gravel; there is very little bog. Portobello, the residence of T. Stafford, Esq.; and Ryefield, of N. Cummins, Esq., are in this parish. It is a vicarage, in the diocese of Elphin, and is part of the union of Ardclare; the rectory forms part of the union and corps of the precentorship of Elphin. The tithes amount to £92. 6. 2., which is equally divided between the precentor and vicar. The R. C. parish is co-extensive with that of the Established Church, and contains two chapels, one at Ryefield, the other at Caighy. There are two schools under the Elphin Diocesan Society, which are aided by annual donations from Viscount Lorton, the rector, the curate, and the Rev. Mr. Lloyd, and afford instruction to about 70 children. There are also two hedge schools, in which about 80 children are taught. A friary of the third order of Franciscans was founded here, of which scarcely any remains are visible; a lease of its possessions was granted by Queen Elizabeth, in 1582, to Bryan Mac Dermot.

CREGGAN, a parish, partly in the barony of UPPER DUNDALK, county of LOUTH, and province of LEINSTER, but chiefly in the barony of UPPER FEWS, county of ARMAGH, and province of ULSTER, 8 miles (W. N. W.) from Dundalk, on the road to Newtown-Hamilton; containing 14,261 inhabitants, of which number, 1674 are in that part of the parish which is in the county of Louth. This parish comprises, according to the Ordnance survey, 24,815 1/4 statute acres, of which 21,823 1/2, including 419 1/2 of water, are in Armagh, and 299l in Louth. Of these, 21,640 acres are applotted under the tithe act, and valued at £19,708 per ann.; and 1088 are mountain, bog, and lakes. The surface is irregularly broken and the general aspect bold: the soil is generally good, and the system of cultivation improving. Linen cloth and yarn are manufactured to a small extent by the farmers, whose principal dependence has been the breeding of cattle, but now most of the grazing land has been converted into arable, and even much of the mountainous district has been brought into cultivation. The river Creggan, which divides this parish into two nearly equal parts, turns several mills and contains fine trout. Near the village are several hundred acres of bog or moorland used for fuel; and here is a coarse kind of granite and also a coarse slate, which is very hard and durable: the quarries, however, are not much worked, except by the neighbouring farmers, who use the stone for building. The village is pleasantly situated, and the surrounding scenery is picturesque. A market is held on Friday at Crossmaglen, for provisions, and fairs on the first Friday in every month for farming stock. Cullyhanna, also a village in this parish, is an improving place. Fairs are held in it on the second Tuesday in January, April, July, and October; and there are two at Ball's-Mills. There is a penny post to Dundalk; and petty sessions for the Crossmaglen district are held in the school-room at Creggan, on alternate Saturdays, or weekly if requisite. The principal seats in the parish are Urker Lodge, the property of T. P. Ball, Esq., to whom the parish principally belongs; Crossmaglen, of Capt. Ball; and Clohog Lodge, of R. G. Wallace, Esq.

The living is a rectory and vicarage, in the diocese of Armagh, and forms the corps of the treasurership in the cathedral of St. Patrick, Armagh, in the patronage of the Lord-Primate. The tithes amount to £1050: the glebe-house, which is near the church, is romantically situated on the river Creggan, which flows through a deep glen abounding with picturesque scenery, and ornamented with evergreens, rustic seats, and walks cut out of the solid rock: the surrounding grounds have been greatly improved by the Rev. Dr. Atkinson, the rector. The glebe, comprising 300 Irish acres, consists of the whole townland of Cregganban except 40 acres appropriated as a glebe for Newtown-Hamilton, when that parish was severed from Creggan. The church is a spacious and handsome edifice in the centre of the parish, built in 1758, and to which a lofty square tower was added in 1799. In the R. C. divisions the parish is the head of two unions or districts, called Upper and Lower Creggan; the former contains four chapels, situated at Crossmaglen, Glasdrummond, Mow-bane, and Shela, of which that at Crossmaglen was built in 1834, on a site given by T. P. Ball, Esq., at an expense of £750; and the one at Glasdrummond is a large and handsome building. The part called Lower Creggan is united with the parish of Newtown-Hamilton, and contains a chapel at Cullyhanna and one in Newtown-Hamilton, both in that parish. At Free-duff is a meeting-house for Presbyterians in connection with the Synod of Ulster of the second class; and there is a place of worship for Wesleyan Methodists at Ball's-Mills. The parochial schools, in which are about 50 boys and 40 girls, are supported by the rector, who gives the house, which was built in 1822, and a garden and two acres of land rent-free for the master, besides books for the children. There is a female working school in the church-yard, and an infants' school superintended by Mrs. Atkinson; also schools at Tullynavale and Anavachavarkey, built by the rector, aided by some subscriptions, and chiefly supported by him; in the former, which is a large and handsome edifice, divine service is performed by the rector, or his curate, on Sunday evenings. At Darsey is a national school; and there are thirteen private schools in the parish, in which about 460 children are educated. A dispensary was established at Crossmaglen in 1830. In the northern part of the parish are vestiges of an ancient intrenchment, which extended more than a mile in length and about one third of a mile in breadth; it is now intersected by roads.

CREHELP, or CRYHELP, a parish, in the barony of LOWER TALBOTSTOWN, county of WICKLOW, and province of LEINSTER, 2 1/2 miles (E.) from Dunlavin; containing 760 inhabitants. This parish, which is situated on the western boundary of the county, and on the confines of the county of Dublin, is intersected by the old road from Blessington to Baltinglass, by Stratford-on-Slaney. The lands are mostly under an improved system of tillage. There are some quarries of good slate, and a little bog. A peace preservation force has been stationed here. It is a rectory and curacy, in the diocese of Dublin and Glendalough; the rectory is appropriate to the incumbency, and the curacy forms part of the union of Donard. The tithes amount to £87. 3. 7. In the R. C. divisions the parish is in the union or district of Dunlavin. There are two private schools, in which are about 30 boys and 30 girls.

CREMORGAN. -- See KILCLONBROOK.

CREVAGH. -- See CRUAGH.

CREVENISH, an island, in the parish of KILMINA, barony of BURRISHOOLE, county of MAYO, and province of CONNAUGHT, 6 miles (S. W.) from Newport-Pratt; containing about 20 inhabitants. It is situated on Clew bay, and is the property of the Marquess of Sligo.

CRINKLE, a village, in the parish of BIRR, barony of BALLYBRITT, KING’S county, and province of LEINSTER; containing 86 houses and 531 inhabitants. It immediately adjoins the post-town of Parsonstown, and is situated on the road thence to Roscrea.

CROAGH, a parish, in the barony of LOWER CONNELLO EAST, county of LIMERICK, and province of MUNSTER, 3 miles (N. E. by N.) from Rathkeale, on the road to Adare; containing 3394 inhabitants, of which number, 274 are in the village. This place appears to have been anciently of considerable importance; so early as the year 1109, it had a very rich abbey, a corporation, and two castles. Jas. II., after his defeat at the Boyne, is reported to have slept one night at Amigan castle, now in ruins; but it is not certain that he came farther south than Waterford. Near it is a small stream, supposed to be efficacious in cutaneous disorders. The parish is divided into two parts by a portion of that of Adare, which separates the townlands of Ballinvira, Ballinagoold, Ballinacurra, and Lisnamuck from the rest of the parish; it comprises 8100 statute acres, as applotted under the tithe act, almost all of which is under an improving system of tillage. The greater part of the land is good, though light, and rests on a substratum of limestone; the remainder is meadow and pasture, there being no waste land, and but little turbary. Superior lead ore is often found amidst the limestone rocks, and large masses are sometimes turned up by the plough at Ardnaprehane, but no search has ever been made for it. The village consists of one irregular street, containing 46 small houses, and has fairs on March 1st, May 1st, Aug. 3rd, and Nov. 1st. Within the parish are several large and handsome houses, the principal of which are Ballylin, the residence of R. Smith, Esq.; Hollywood, of J. Hewson, Esq.; Smithfield, of R. Smith, Esq.; Ballinvira, of Gerald Browne Fitzgerald, Esq.; Newpark, of Gerald Evans Fitzgerald, Esq.; and the glebe-house, the residence of the Rev. W. Ashe, rector and prebendary.

The living is a rectory in the diocese of Limerick, being the corps of the prebend of Croagh in the cathedral of Limerick, and in the patronage of Matthew Barrington, Esq.: the tithes amount to £553. 6. 11. The glebe-house, a handsome residence, was erected in 1831, by a gift of £100, and a loan of £900, from the late Board of First Fruits, and is situated about half a mile from the village, on a glebe of 10 acres purchased by the Board; and near the church is a small glebe of \r. 14p. The church, formerly a large cruciform edifice, is nearly in ruins; the eastern portion, or chancel, is the only part now roofed; there are considerable remains of the old walls. In the R. C. divisions the parish is the head of a union or district, comprising also that of Kilfinney; the chapel, a large plain edifice, is near the village of Croagh. There is a school under the Baptist Society in that village in which upwards of 300 boys and girls are taught, also one at Lisnamuck under the National Board, in which are about 100 boys and 100 girls; and about 70 children are taught in a private school. The late John Walcott, Esq., of Clifton, near Bristol, but originally of Croagh House, built in his lifetime three almshouses at Ballylin for six poor widows of this parish, and endowed each with half an acre of land for a garden, and a weekly allowance of 1s. to each inmate, and 10s. each at Easter and Christmas, payable for ever out of his estate at Croagh. Mount Aylmer, in this parish, was the birthplace of William Butler Odell, author of several poetical pieces of considerable merit.

CROGHAN, a parish, in the barony of LOWER PHILIPSTOWN, KING’S county, and province of LEINSTER, 3 miles (N.) from Philipstown; containing 842 inhabitants. It is situated on the road from Edenderry to Tyrrel's-Pass; the surface is flat and overspread with bogs. The only eminence is Croghan Hill, on the confines of the county of Westmeath, which is celebrated by Spenser, in his Fairy Queen; it is clothed with verdure, and forms a striking object in so flat a district. The land is principally in pasture and appropriated to the feeding of store sheep and cattle; and part of the female population are employed in spinning worsted. Near it is Clonerle, the beautiful seat of W. Magan, Esq., the demesne of which is embellished with rich plantations. The living is a rectory and vicarage, in the diocese of Kildare, and is sequestrated in the Ecclesiastical Commissioners: the tithes amount to £82, payable to the Commissioners, and the occasional duties of the parish are performed by the vicar of the adjoining parish of Kilclonfert. There is neither church nor glebe-house. A school is supported by local subscriptions, affording instruction to about 160 boys and 130 girls. At the base of Croghan Hill are the remains of the church, which was formerly a chapel belonging to the ancestors of Lord Tullamore, on whose estate it is situated.

CROGHAN, a village, in the parish of KILLUKEN, barony of BOYLE, county of ROSCOMMON, and province of CONNAUGHT, 4 miles (N. by W.) from Elphin, on the road to Boyle. It is an improving village, containing about 20 houses and cabins, the property of Guy Lloyd, Esq. Drugget, frieze, and flannel are manufactured here; petty sessions are held every Tuesday, and fairs on the Wednesday after Trinity-Sunday and the 28th of October, for fat cattle, for which the October fair is considered to be one of the largest in this district. Here is a constabulary police station, and a dispensary; and a loan fund was established by Mr. Lloyd, in 1833, with a capital of £500. In the village is the R. C. parochial chapel, a spacious and well-built structure; and in the immediate vicinity is Croghan House, the handsome residence of Guy Lloyd, Esq., who has effected considerable improvements in the neighbourhood.

CROGHANE, or CROHANE, a parish, in the barony of SLIEVARDAGH, county of TIPPERARY, and province of MUNSTER, 2 1/4 miles (E.) from Killenaule; containing 1393 inhabitants. This parish, which is situated on the confines of the county of Limerick, comprises 5524 statute acres, as applotted under the tithe act, and valued at £.4460 per annum. It is a prebend and vicarage, in the diocese of Cashel, forming part of the union and corps of the archdeaconry: the tithes amount to £300. The parochial school is aided by the rector; and there is a R. C. pay school, in which are about 70 boys and 50 girls.

CROGRONE, formerly a parish, in the Eastern Division of the barony of EAST CARBERY, county of CORK, and province of MUNSTER, 6 miles (W. S.W.) from Kinsale; containing 63 inhabitants. This parish, situated in the midst of a fertile tract of country, bas merged into the several parishes of Kilbritain, Ringrone, and Templetrine, by which it is surrounded. In 1498 it was given by De Courcy to the abbey of Timoleague, from which the cure was served till the Reformation, since which period it has invariably been regarded as part of the several parishes above named: the ruins of the ancient church yet exist.

CRONROE, or CRONROW, a village, in the parish of RATHNEW, barony of NEWCASTLE, county of WICKLOW, and province of LEINSTER, 1 mile (S. S. W.) from Ashford, on the road to Rathdrum: the population is returned with the parish. This village takes its name from the adjoining seat of Isaac A. Eccles, Esq., a large plain mansion, occupying an elevated situation, backed by an enormous rocky eminence called the great rock of Cronroe, whence there is a delightful and extensive view. Cronroe has long been the residence of the present family, and was the seat of the late Ambrose Eccles, Esq., a gentleman of some literary celebrity. Fairs are here on May 12th and Oct. 2nd.

CROOK, a parish, in the barony of GAULTIER, county of WATERFORD, and province of MUNSTER, 6 miles (E. by S.) from Waterford; containing 976 inhabitants. A castle was founded here in the 13th century by the Baron of Curraghmore, which subsequently became a preceptory of the Knights of St. John of Jerusalem, with whom it remained till the Reformation. The site and the lands belonging to it were granted by Queen Elizabeth, in the 27th of her reign, on lease for 60 years to Anthony Power, at an annual rent of £12. 11. 10.; and in 1638 they were granted by Chas. I. to Sir Peter Aylward. A village in the parish derived the name of New Geneva from the proposed establishment at this place of a colony of Genevese, who were compelled to leave their own country in 1785. For this purpose the parliament granted £50,000, but in consequence of their requiring certain privileges and immunities which it was not thought proper to concede, the projected settlement was abandoned. The parish is situated on Waterford harbour, and comprises 1831 statute acres, as applotted under the tithe act. A military barrack was erected in the village, in which were stationed one or two regiments generally during the war; but the establishment was afterwards abandoned, and the buildings have been taken down. Kilcop House is the seat of John Coghlan, Esq. The living is a rectory, in the diocese of Waterford, and in the patronage of the Crown: the tithes amount to £190. 5. 3. There is neither church nor glebe-house; the glebe comprises three acres. In the R. C. divisions the parish forms part of the union or district of Passage.

CROOKHAVEN, a village, in the parish of KILMOE, Western Division of the barony of WEST CARBERY, county of CORK, and province of MUNSTER, 19 miles (S.W.) from Skibbereen; containing 424 inhabitants. It is situated upon the harbour of Crookhaven, and consists of a long irregular street, at one end of which stands the parochial church, erected in 1700, at the expense of Dr. Brown, Bishop of Cork, for the accommodation of sailors frequenting the port. It was formerly a place of considerable importance, many foreign vessels having resorted hither for provisions, and during the last war was much frequented by ships of the navy. The harbour being very spacious and well sheltered, renders it a desirable haven, and particularly convenient for vessels bound eastward. A considerable trade is carried on in the exportation of wheat, oats, pork, and butter, and timber and coal are occasionally imported. Here are a constabulary police and a coast-guard station, which latter is one of the nine included in the Skibbereen district. The parochial and Sunday schools are under the superintendence of the rector, and a school is chiefly supported by the Rev. L. O'Sullivan, P.P. Not far from the town are the ruins of Castle Mehan, which was built by the Mehans or O'Heas in 1540.

CROOKSTOWN. -- See MOVIDDY.

CROOM, a post-town and parish, partly in the barony of PUBBLEBRIEN, but chiefly in that of COSHMA, county of LIMERICK, and province of MUNSTER, 9 miles (S. by W.) from Limerick, and 105 1/4 (S. W.) from Dublin; containing 6978 inhabitants, of which number, 1268 are in the town. The origin of the town is involved in mystery: it is supposed to have been a place of considerable importance from a very remote period, but the earliest intimation of it is the erection of a castle by Dermot O'Donovan, in the reign of King John, to protect the ford or pass of the river, and also to secure that portion of the present barony of Coshma which the O'Donovans had then lately taken from the Mac Eneirys, and which King John, when Earl of Morton, is said to have confirmed to O'Donovan. The O'Donovans having been driven hence into the western district of the county of Cork, this castle became the property of the Earl of Kildare, who rebuilt it in a superior manner, and flanked it by four circular towers, making it his chief seat and strong hold; and from it is derived the war cry of "Crom-a-boo," which is still the motto of the Dukes of Leinster, the descendants of the Earls of Kildare. During successive wars, it was several times attacked by the English. In the reign of Elizabeth, the Geraldines were three times besieged in the castle of Croom; the last time was in 1600, when the Lord-President Carew, at the head of 1500 men, attacked the castle, which had a powerful garrison under its constable, the celebrated Pierce Lacy, who made his escape in the night, and in the morning the fortress was surrendered. In 1610, the castle and manor of Croom were restored by James I. to the Fitzgeralds, who, however, again forfeited it by joining in the insurrection of 1641; in 1678, Chas. II. granted both to the Duke of Richmond, who resided in the castle for several years. In 1691, it was garrisoned by the adherents of Jas. II., but on the approach of the forces of Wm. III. they abandoned the fortress, and took refuge in Limerick: after which it remained unoccupied till recently rebuilt by John Croker, Esq., its present proprietor. The town is situated on the eastern bank of the river Maigue over which is a handsome bridge of six arches, and on the new road from Limerick to Charleville, which, when completed, will be the most advantageous line from Limerick to Cork: it comprises two principal streets with smaller ones branching from them, and contains 213 houses. This is a constabulary police station; petty sessions are held in the town every Monday; and fairs on May 3rd, June 22nd, Sept. 1st, and Dec. 8th.

The parish contains 13,003 statute acres, as applotted under the tithe act, the estimated rental being £15,872: the land is in general remarkably good, and under excellent cultivation. The soil is based on a substratum of limestone, and Tory hill affords one of the best specimens of disintegration to be found in Ireland. At Carass, on the river Maigue, is a very powerful flour-mill, fitted up in a superior style, with machinery of the most improved construction, the property of D. Roche, Esq.; and close adjoining the bridge of Croom is another large mill, belonging to H. Lyons, Esq. In addition to the interesting castle, the residences of the gentry in the parish are Carass, of D. Roche, Esq.; Toureen, of J. D. Lyons, Esq., D. L.; Croom House, the property of Mr. Lyons, Carass Court, of Jeffrey Browning, Esq.; Glen-Bevan, of J. Bevan, Esq.; Cherry Grove, of J. Barry, Esq.; Bellevue, of Massy Yielding, Esq.; Clorane, a fine old house belonging to the Hunt family; Newborough, of C. Wilson, Esq.; the glebe-house, of the Rev. E. Croker, rector of the parish; and Tory Hill, of the Rev. L. Harnett; besides several villas, cottages, and substantial farm-houses.

The living is a rectory and vicarage, in the diocese of Limerick, and in the patronage of J. Croker, Esq., of Ballynagard. It is called one parish, but appears to embrace the old parishes of Croom, Dunaman, Dunkip, and Dullas, all of which are contiguous to Croom and near Patrick's well: five miles distant are the townlands of Clonana, Clonduff, Lorriga, Ballycurrane, and Lisaleen, which anciently formed the parish of Clonana, though now considered part of that of Croom. The tithes amount to £1200. The glebe-house is a handsome edifice, erected on the new glebe, in 1813, by aid of a gift of £100 and a loan of £800 from the late Board of First Fruits. The glebe comprises 10 acres of excellent land, half a mile from the church; it was given by Mr. Lyons in lieu of the old glebe adjoining the church, now part of the demesne of Croom House. The church stands on the western bank of the river Maigue, and is a small neat edifice, in the early English style of architecture, with a square tower: it appears to have been erected on the site of a larger building, and the Ecclesiastical Commissioners have recently granted £151. 2. 1. for its repair. In the R. C. divisions the parish is the head of a union or district, comprising the parishes of Croom, Anhid, Dunaman, Carrigran, and Dysert; and containing two chapels, one at Croom, the other at Ballynabannogue; the former, situated near the church, is a spacious plain cruciform edifice. There is a small place of worship for Wesleyan Methodists; also a dispensary. There are four private schools, in which about 280 boys and 120 girls are educated. Close to the town are extensive remains of the castle of the O'Donovans; and not far distant are fragments of the old church. Within the parish are ruins of the churches of Dunaman, Dunkip, and Clonana, also of the castle of Tullyvin; besides the ruins of a chapel in the grounds of Carass, built by Lord Carbery as a domestic place of worship, and situated close on the bank of the river, at the foot of a rustic bridge. The beautiful round tower of Carrigreen is a mile north-west from Croom, in the parish of Dysert; and the ruins of the abbey of Nenagh or Maig, generally called Monaster Nenagh, stand two miles eastward: a more detailed description of each will be found in the articles on those places.

CROSSAKEEL, a post-town, in the parish of KILSKYRE, barony of UPPER KELLS, county of MEATH, and province of LEINSTER, 5 miles (S. W. by S.) from Kells, and 36 miles (N. W.) from Dublin; containing 290 inhabitants. This village is situated on the road from Kells to Oldcastle, and consists of about 60 houses: it has a sub-post-office to Kells. Fairs are held on May 9th, Aug. 16th, and Dec. 15th. A constabulary police force is stationed here; and petty sessions are held every alternate week. The parochial church, a handsome structure with a lofty spire, and a dispensary, are situated in the village; and there is a school under the trustees of Erasmus Smith's charity, and a Sunday school. -- See Kilskyre.

CROSSBOYNE, a parish, in the barony of CLANMORRIS, county of MAYO, and province of CONNAUGHT, 2 miles (S. E.) from Claremorris, on the road to Tuam; containing 5765 inhabitants. This parish comprises 9277 statute acres, as applotted under the tithe act, and valued at £6058 per annum. The land is good, and agriculture is gradually improving on the lands of the gentry, although modern implements are not generally adopted by the farmers; there is plenty of bog for fuel, and limestone is also found here. The surrounding scenery is richly diversified with wood and water; there are several delightful demesnes, of which the principal are Castlemagarett, the seat of Lord Oranmore, situated in a noble domain enriched with excellent timber; Brookhill, the residence of J. Lambert, Esq.; Farm-hill, of E. D. Gonne Bell, Esq.; Prospect, of F. Crean, Esq.; and the residence of the Rev. W. Crofton, rector. The village of Ballindine, or Ballindangan, in this parish, is described under its own head.

The living is a vicarage, in the diocese of Tuam, and in the patronage of the Archbishop; the rectory is partly appropriate to the dean of Tuam and the prebendary of Killabegs in the cathedral of Tuam, and partly impropriate in S. Lindsey Bucknall, Esq. The tithes amount to £307. 1. 5 1/2., of which £62. 6. 1 1/2. is payable to the impropriator, £209. 18. 4 3/4. to the incumbent, and the remainder to the dean and prebendary. The glebe-house was erected by aid of a gift of £100, and a loan of £300, in 1822, from the late Board of First Fruits: the glebe comprises four acres. The church is a plain old building with a chancel and a new tower, which was erected by aid of a loan of £350 in 1819, from the same Board; the Ecclesiastical Commissioners have recently granted £268 for its repair. In the R. C. divisions this parish is the head of two unions or districts, called Crossboyne and Ballindangan; the former comprises part of the parish of Crossboyne and the entire of that of Taugheen, and contains three chapels, one of which is a large slated building at Crossboyne; in the Ballindangan district are two chapels, one in the village of that name, and the other at Drymills. Lord Oranmore gives £10 per ann. towards the support of a grammar school; and his lady has a school at Ballindangan, towards which she allows £15 per annum, where the children are taught needlework and the manufacture of straw-plat. The Rev. Mr. Crofton also supports a school in connection with the Tuam Diocesan Society. The old fortress of Castlemagarrett is in ruins; in the demesne of Brookhill are several Druidical or Danish remains, and a choice collection of plants. In Crossboyne churchyard there are many ancient monuments of a rude character; and near Prospect House is a chalybeate spring, the water of which is valuable as a tonic.

CROSSDONEY, a village and post-town, in the parish of KILMORE, barony of CLONMAHON, county of CAVAN, and province of ULSTER, 4 miles (S. W.) from Cavan, and 59 1/4 (N. W.) from Dublin; the population is returned with the parish. This small neat village, containing only 12 houses, is situated on the road from Killesandra to Cavan, and is surrounded by several gentlemen's seats. Fairs are held on April 5th, May 27th, Aug. 26th, and Nov. 17th. Near it is a good bleaching establishment; and at its entrance is Lismore, the seat of Col. Nesbitt, one of the oldest in the county.

CROSSERLOUGH. -- See KILDRUMFERTON.

CROSSGAR, a village, in that part of the parish of KILMORE which is in the barony of UPPER CASTLEREAGH, county of DOWN, and province of ULSTER, 5 miles (N.) from Downpatrick, on the road to Belfast; containing 474 inhabitants and about 125 houses, mostly very small. It is noted only for its fairs, which are held on the second Wednesday in every month, and are well attended, particularly for the sale of horned cattle and pigs. It has a penny post to Downpatrick, and in the vicinity is Crossgar House, the residence of -- Hamilton, Esq., also that of the late E. S. Ruthven, Esq., and the handsome house and demesne of Redemon. -- See Kilmore.

CROSSHAVEN, a village, in the parish of TEMPLEBREADY, barony of KERRYCURRIHY, county of CORK, and province of MUNSTER, 5 miles (E. S. E.) from Carrigaline; containing 513 inhabitants. It is situated on the noble estuary to which it gives name, but which is more generally known as the river Carrigaline, within the harbour of Cork, opposite to Dog's nose Point, and a little west from Ram Head; it comprises about 100 houses, which are small, but well built; and is one of the eight coast-guard stations in the district of Cove. In the creek a vessel may ride in 10 or 12 feet of water. Crosshaven House, the residence of T. Hayes, Esq.; Camden Fort (described in the account of Templebready), and several handsome villas and lodges, the summer residences of those who visit the coast for seabathing, closely adjoin the village. An extensive fishery was formerly carried on, but it has so much declined that only five small vessels remain, and these are occasionally employed in the grain and coal trade.

CROSS ISLAND. -- See COPELAND ISLANDS.

CROSSMAGLEN, a village, in that part of the parish of CREGGAN which is in the barony of UPPER FEWS, county of ARMAGH, and province of ULSTER, 8 miles (N. W.) from Dundalk, on the road to Newtown-Hamilton; containing 545 inhabitants. It comprises about 100 houses, of which several are large and well built, and has a penny post to Dundalk: the surrounding scenery is strikingly diversified. In the vicinity is a small lake, called Lough Maglen, or Magherlin; and there are numerous others in the surrounding district. The slate quarries here were formerly worked to some extent, but they are now in a declining state, A market for provisions is held on Friday; and there are fairs on the last Friday in every month for black cattle, horses, sheep, and pigs. A constabulary police station has been established in the village; and a spacious and handsome R. C. chapel has been recently erected, which is the parochial chapel of a very extensive district, called Lower Creggan. A dispensary was built by subscription in 1830. -- See Creggan.

CROSSMOLINA, a market and post-town, and a parish, in the barony of TYRAWLEY, county of MAYO, and province of CONNAUGHT, 6 1/2 miles (W. by S.) from Ballina, and 131 1/4 (W. N. W.) from Dublin; containing 11,479 inhabitants, of which number, 1481 are in the town. It stands on the river Deel, over which is a large stone bridge, on the direct road to the barony of Erris from Castlebar, and consists of a good main street and two converging ones, containing 310 houses. The market is on Thursday; and fairs are held on May 23rd, Sept. 12th, Oct. 26th, and Dec. 17th; and at Rakestreet on Feb. 2nd, March 25th, Aug. 23rd, and Dec. 8th. Petty sessions are held weekly, and here are also revenue and constabulary police stations. The parish contains a portion of the stupendous mountain of Nephin, 2840 feet above the level of the sea, on the western extremity of Lough Conn, a grand sheet of water, extending 10 miles in length, and in some places 4 in breadth. It comprises about 24,300 statute acres, one-third of which is arable land; the remainder is bog and mountain, the greater part reclaimable, but little improvement has taken place in agriculture. About a mile from the town, on the bank of the river Deel, are quarries of very fine stone; and limestone and freestone abound. There are several gentlemen's seats in the vicinity: the principal are Eniscoe, the residence of M. Pratt, Esq.; Gurtner Abbey, of G. Ormsby, Esq.; Abbeytown, of W. Orme, Esq.; Knockglass, of T. Paget, Esq.; Fortland, of Major Jackson; Glenmore, of W. Orme, Esq.; Greenwood Park, of Capt. J. Knox; Belleville, of W. Orme, Esq.; Millbrook, of W. Orme, sen., Esq; Netley Park, of H. Knox, Esq.; Castle Hill, of Major McCormick; Ballycorroon, of E. Orme, Esq.; Stone Hall, of T. Knox, Esq.; Fahy, of Ernest A. Knox, Esq.; Cottage, of W. Ormsby, Esq.; Rappa Castle, of Annesley Gore Knox, Esq. (See Kilfyan); and the Vicarage-house, the residence of the Rev. -- St. George, rector. Deel castle, on the banks of the river of the same name, now a fine modern residence, surrounded with much old timber, stands on the site of a very ancient structure.

The living is a vicarage, in the diocese of Killala, united to the vicarages of Addergoole, Kilfyan, and Magaunagh, together forming the union of Crossmolina, in the patronage of the Bishop: the rectory is partly appropriate to the vicars choral of the cathedral of Christ-Church, Dublin, and partly to the prebend of Errew in the cathedral of Killala. The tithes amount to £460, of which £17 is payable to the vicars choral, £213 to the appropriators, and £230 to the vicar: the gross amount of the tithes of the union is £550. The glebe-house was built by a gift of £ 100, and a loan of £825, in 1814, from the late Board of First. Fruits: the glebe comprises 35 acres. The church is a neat plain edifice, with a square tower and spire, erected in 1810, by aid of a loan of £1000, in 1809, from the late Board of First Fruits; and the Ecclesiastical Commissioners have recently granted £197 for its repair. In the R. C. divisions the parish forms part of the union or district of Glanbest, and partly a district or parish in itself, in which are two chapels, one at Kilmurra and one at Crossmolina; the former was built in 1785, at an expense of £50, and the latter in 1806, and cost £200. A painting of the Madonna over the altar was brought from Rome by Archbishop McHale. There is a place of worship for Wesleyan Methodists at Crossmolina. There are seven schools, one of which is aided by a donation of £10 per annum from Mrs. Palmer, and a house and two acres of ground, valued at £10 per annum, given by the late Mrs. Palmer; also six hedge schools and a Sunday school. The total number of children on the books of these schools is upwards of 1000. A dispensary has been established. At Errew, a peninsula stretching from the barony of Tyrawley into Lough Conn, are the ruins of a friary, which was dedicated to the Blessed Virgin, having a beautiful east window. There is also a ruin at Abbeytown; at Kildavarrogue are the remains of the old church, with a burial-place; and near the church are the ruins of an old castle.

CROSSNA, a village, in the parish of ARDCARNE, barony of BOYLE, county of ROSCOMMON, and province of CONNAUGHT, 6 miles (N. E.) from Boyle: the population is returned with the parish. It occupies, with Mount Prospect, the crest of a hill commanding a fine view of the rich lower country around Lough Key; the ridge is of sandstone. The village and neighbourhood are improving in appearance: the pastures, though generally rough, have been subjected to partial irrigation in the lower grounds, and the arable lands produce good crops of oats and potatoes. The superb house and demesne of Rockingham (described in the article on Ardcarne) stands here; and there is a large R. C. chapel in the village.

CROSSPATRICK, a parish, partly in the half-barony of SHILLELAGH, county of WICKLOW, and partly in the barony of GOREY, county of WEXFORD, and province of LEINSTER, 3 1/2 miles (E.) from Tinahely; containing 1119 inhabitants. It is situated on the road from Rathdrum to Carnew, and comprises 4058 statute acres, which are chiefly under tillage. The soil is fertile, and agriculture has greatly improved under the auspices of the Agricultural Society established at Coollattin and patronised by Earl Fitzwilliam; there is a bog at Cam-mar, and another at Coolafancy. The principal seats are Hill View, the residence of Sandham Symes, Esq., and Coolafancy, of Christmas Johnston, Esq., both commanding extensive mountain views; and there are several respectable farm-houses. The living is a rectory, in the diocese of Ferns, united prior to any known record to the rectory of Kilcommon, which two parishes constitute the union and corps of the prebend of Crosspatrick in the cathedral of Ferns, and in the patronage of the Bishop. The tithes of the parish amount to £217. 16. 11 1/4.; and the gross tithes of the benefice to £674. 15. 5. There are two churches in the union; that of Crosspatrick was erected in 1828 by a grant of £900 from the late Board of First Fruits: it is in the later English style of architecture, with a square tower surmounted with pinnacles, and the Ecclesiastical Commissioners have recently granted £203 for its repair. In the R. C. divisions this parish forms part of the union or district of Tomacork, also called the union of Carnew and Crosspatrick; there is a chapel at Coolafancy. There is also a place of worship for Wesleyan Methodists. The parochial school, at Cootroe, is supported by the prebendary, and has an endowment in land valued at £10 per annum by the late Earl Fitzwilliam, who also built the school-house. Near Coolboy is a substantial school-house, which was erected and supported by the same nobleman. A school-house was also erected, in 1835, at Logan, by Lord Powerscourt. Some remains of the old church are visible near the new building, adjoining which is the burial-ground, used by the Roman Catholics.

CROSSPLATTEN, a hamlet, in the parish of DULEEK, barony of LOWER DULEEK, county of MEATH, and province of LEINSTER, 2 miles (N. E.) from Duleek, on the road to Drogheda; containing 9 houses and 79 inhabitants.

CRUAGH, or CREVAGH, a parish, in the barony of NEWCASTLE, county of DUBLIN, and province of LEINSTER, 6 miles (S.) from Dublin; containing 1216 inhabitants. This parish is situated on the river Owendugher, a branch of the Dugher or Dodder river, by which it is separated from the parish of Whitechurch; and comprises 4762 1/2 statute acres, of which 2400 are mountain, including about 400 acres of good bog. Killakee, the residence of S. White, Esq., is a spacious mansion, situated in a tastefully embellished demesne, with a well-wooded glen through which a mountain stream rushes with great force over its rocky bed; and surrounded by a winding road, several miles in circuit, commanding some magnificent views of the city and bay of Dublin, with the hill of Howth, Ireland's Eye, Lambay Island; of the mountains of Mourne in the distance, which are distinctly visible in clear weather, and of a beautiful country in the foreground. There are numerous handsome villas, with tastefully disposed grounds, commanding fine views of the city and bay of Dublin and the country adjacent. Among these are, Woodtown House, the residence of the Hon. Chief Baron Joy; Orlagh, of N. Callwell, Esq.; Rockbrook, of Mrs. Fry; Tibradon, of J. Jones, Esq.; Cloragh, of C. Davis, Esq.; Woodbine Lodge, of T. B. Smithson, Esq.; Springfield, of R. Jones, Esq.; Woodtown, of Mrs. Collins; Air Park, of J. Delaney, Esq.; Spring Vale, of R. Sherlock, Esq.; Mount Venus House, of H. R. Armstrong, Esq.; Mount Michael, of M. Walsh, Esq.; Laurel Hill, of W. Bourk, Esq.; Summerville, of J. T. Moran, Esq.; Woodtown, of J. Dodd, Esq.; Hayfield, of W. Scott, Esq.; and Prospect Hill, of J. Dodd, Esq. There are four paper-mills, only one of which is at present at work, and employs about 60 persons. Two woollen-manufactories have been established; the chief articles are friezes, flannels, kersey, coating, and blankets, and the number of persons employed at present is 100, though a few years since, when in full work, more than 600 were engaged. The great military road commences in this parish, taking a course of 37 miles through a wild mountainous district previously deemed incapable of improvement, and opening a communication with Wicklow and with the south and west parts of the country. It is a rectory, in the diocese of Dublin, forming part of the union of Tallaght: the tithes amount to £181. 17. 6. In the R. C. divisions it forms part of the union or district of Rathfarnham. On the grounds of Mount Venus are the remains of a cromlech, the table stone of which has fallen; and of the upright stones on which it was supported, one only is standing, the others lying near it. The whole is of granite; the table stone is 19 feet long, 10 feet broad, and 5 feet thick; and the pillars are about 10 feet in height. The burial ground of the old church, now a ruin, is still much used.

CRUISETOWN, a parish, in the barony of LOWER KELLS, county of MEATH, and province of LEINSTER, 1 3/4 mile (S. W.) from Nobber, on the road to Kells; containing 427 inhabitants. It comprises about 2430 statute acres, two-thirds of which are under tillage; there are some quarries of black stone. Cruisetown, formerly the property of the ancient family of Cruise, now belongs to Mr. Shaw, who contemplates building a new house here: in the demesne are two lakes. The living is a rectory, in the diocese of Meath, and in the alternate patronage of the Crown and the Bishop: the tithes amount to £100. Here is neither church, glebe-house, nor glebe. In the R. C. divisions the parish forms part of the union or district of Nobber: the chapel is a plain building. About 30 boys and 12 girls are educated at a hedge school at Altamont. There are some small remains of the ancient church, with a burial-ground attached, in which are some very ancient monuments of the Cruise family.

CRUMLIN, a post-town, in the parish of CAMLIN, barony of UPPER MASSAREENE, county of ANTRIM, and province of ULSTER, 5 1/2 miles (S.) from Antrim, and 79 (N.) from Dublin; containing 128 houses and 641 inhabitants. This town is situated on the river Camlin, of which its name is a corruption, and on the road from Lurgan to Antrim; it consists of one long wide street, from which branches one of smaller dimensions leading to the Antrim road, and has a neat and cheerful appearance. At one extremity is the beautiful cottage and highly embellished grounds of Glendarragh, the seat of Col. Heyland, through which flows the river Camlin, noted for the petrifying quality of its waters: among the many fine specimens of petrified substances which it has afforded is the entire root of a tree, of five cubic feet. Adjoining the town are the most extensive and complete flour-mills in the country; they were originally built in 1765, by Rowley Heyland, Esq., and were the first that were erected in the north of Ireland. These mills were considered of so much importance that Government erected very extensive warehouses for storing wheat and other grain, and encouraged by every means the growth of wheat in the surrounding district. There are several other mills belonging to the same concern, but as all purchases and sales are made at this place, they all come under the denomination of the Crumlin mills. They are now the property of Messrs. Robert Macaulay and Son; the machinery, which is of very superior construction, is impelled by the water of the Camlin river, and the quantity of grain annually consumed is on the average 3000 tons of wheat and the same quantity of oats. A large portion of the flour is shipped for the Clyde, and the several ports of the north of England; and during the year 1833, 2000 tons of flour and oatmeal were sent from this establishment to Liverpool and Manchester alone. A flax-mill has been erected by the Messrs. Macaulay, and several hundred persons in the town and neighbourhood are constantly employed in weaving linens and cottons for the manufacturers of Belfast and other places. From its situation on Lough Neagh, this place derives every possible facility of communication by water with Belfast, Newry, Antrim, and other towns. Fairs are held on the first Monday in every month, for horses, cattle, and pigs; and a constabulary police force is stationed in the town. Petty sessions are held once a fortnight. There is a place of worship for Presbyterians in connection with the Synod of Ulster. -- See Camlin.

CRUMLIN, or CROMLIN, a parish, in the barony of NEWCASTLE, county of DUBLIN, and province of LEINSTER, 2 3/4 miles (S. W.) from the post-office, Dublin; containing 958 inhabitants, of which number, 544 are in the village, which consists of 115 houses. It is one of the four manors of the county anciently annexed to the Crown, and governed by a seneschal, who receives £300 per annum. In 1594 the village was burned by Gerald Fitzgerald, at the head of the Wicklow insurgents. In 1690, after the victory of the Boyne, a part of William's army encamped here; and it is said to have been at this place that the king himself settled the method of granting protection, which was accordingly made public. On July 10th, he also issued hence his proclamation for stopping the currency of the brass money coined by Jas. II., except at reduced rates of valuation. It is a police station connected with the city of Dublin police. Here are extensive quarries of limestone, from which Dublin is chiefly supplied; and large flour-mills have for many years been in operation at Kimmage. The principal gentlemen's residences are Crumlin House, that of W. Collins, Esq.; Crumlin Lodge, of G. Oakley, Esq.; Crumlin, of R. Smith, Esq.; and the Glebe-house, of the Rev. J. Elliott: in the grounds of Mr. Smith is a moat or rath, from which is an extensive view of the beautiful scenery in the neighbourhood. The living is an impropriate curacy, in the diocese of Dublin, and in the patronage of the Dean and Chapter of St. Patrick's, to whom the rectory is appropriate. The tithes amount to £250: the glebe comprises only 1a.. 36p. The church, which is a neat structure, was rebuilt, in 1816, by aid of a loan of £1000 from the late Board of First Fruits, but the old tower was preserved. In the R. C. divisions the parish forms part of the union or district of Rathfarnham: the chapel in the village is a neat building. There is a school in connection with the church, and one under the National Board of Education, in which together about 120 boys and 80 girls are educated. About £70 per annum, arising from land bequeathed at a very remote period, is applied to the relief of the poor of this parish.

CRUMP, or ILANE-A-GREEN, an island, in the parish of BALLYNAKILL, barony of BALLYNAHINCH, county of GALWAY, and province of CONNAUGHT, 10 miles (N. E.) from Clifden. This island, which is inhabited by only one family, is situated near the entrance of Ballynakill harbour on the western coast, and contains about 70 statute acres of arable land.

CRUSHEEN, a village, in the parish of INCHICRONANE, barony of BUNRATTY, county of CLARE, and province of MUNSTER, about 6 1/2 miles (N. N. E.) from Ennis, on the road to Gort; containing 57 houses and 316 inhabitants. Fairs are held on the lands of "Brodagh by Crusheen" on Jan. 17th, May 20th, Aug. 15th, and Nov. 19th, for general farming stock. It is a constabulary police station, and has a dispensary. Petty sessions once a fortnight, and the road sessions for the district, are held here; also a seneschal's court occasionally for the manor of Bunratty, in which small debts are recoverable. The old R. C. chapel stands here, and a new one is now nearly completed: in the ancient burial-ground, Sir Theobald Butler, who framed the articles of the Treaty of Limerick, lies interred. -- See INCHICRONANE.

CRYCRIM, or CRECRIM, a parish, partly in the barony of RATHVILLY, county of CARLOW, but chiefly in the half-barony of SHILLELAGH, county of WICKLOW, and province of LEINSTER, 4 1/2 miles (E. N. E.) from Tullow; containing 510 inhabitants. It comprises 2431 statute acres, as applotted under the tithe act, and is an impropriate cure, in the diocese of Leighlin, forming part of the union of Aghold; the rectory is appropriate to the dean and chapter of Leighlin. The tithes amount to £144. 15. 1. of which £96. 10. 1. is payable to the dean and chapter, and £48. 5. to the appropriate curate. In the R. C. divisions it forms part of the union or district of Clonmore. At Ballyconnel there is a R. C. chapel, also a national school.

CULDAFF, or COOLDABH, a parish, in the barony of ENNISHOWEN, county of DONEGAL, and province of ULSTER, 6 miles (N. W.) from Moville; containing 5995 inhabitants. It is bounded on the northeast by the Atlantic ocean, and contains, according to the Ordnance survey, including detached portions, 20,089 1/2 statute acres, about two-thirds of which are mountain and bog, and 55 1/2 acres are water including the tideway of Culdaff river. The surface is generally mountainous, intersected with occasional districts of cultivated land. The mountains of Crucknanionan, Clonkeen, Carthage, and Glengad, the highest summit of which is called Croagh, are covered with black heath, intermixed with coarse grass and bog; that called Squire Carn, on the southern boundary of the parish, is 1058 feet above the level of the sea. The land is generally cold, and cultivation is not in an advanced state, except in the neighbourhood of Culdaff House, where an improved practical system of agriculture has been advantageously introduced, as also near Carthage House, the residence of the Rev. James Knox. Limestone abounds, and is carried hence to a considerable distance. Prior to the year 1812, large quantities of cod were taken off this coast, but that species of fish has since almost wholly disappeared. Salmon of excellent flavour is, during the summer months, taken in the river and for several miles along the coast, but it also is now scarce; in a small lake at Moneydarragh the char, or Alpine trout, is found in considerable numbers. In the several detached bogs of this parish great quantities of timber, chiefly fir and oak, are imbedded; the oak is generally black and in a good state of preservation. These bogs occupy a low tract of country, extending westward to Malin, with small elevated knolls of firm cultivated land rising from amid the bog, and known here as the "Isles of Grelagh:" it is supposed that the sea once flowed either over or around the whole as marine exuviae are every where found beneath the bog. The village of Culdaff, generally called Milltown, is situated on the eastern bank of the river, and contains about 30 houses. Fairs are held on the 10th of Feb., May, Aug., and Nov., for general farming stock. It enjoys an advantageous position for carrying on a considerable coasting trade, but very little business is done. Several good roads intersect the parish; and there is a penny post to Moville. Culdaff House, the residence of George Young, Esq., with an extensive and highly improved demesne, well fenced, planted, and cultivated, nearly adjoins the village; and not far distant is Redford, the residence of the Rev. R. Hamilton, by whose exertions a barren rocky district has been converted into a comparatively fertile plain.

The living is a rectory, in the diocese of Derry, and in the patronage of the Marquess of Donegal: the tithes amount to £482. The glebe-house stands a mile east of the village, on a glebe comprising 105 acres, of which 40 are uncultivated land. The church is a small neat edifice, in the early English style, with a square tower of modern erection. In the R. C. divisions part of this parish is united to part of Cloncha, forming the union or district of Culdaff, and the remainder forms part of the district of Cloncha: there is a large chapel at Bogan, in the latter parish, which serves for both. The parochial school for boys is principally supported by the rector, aided by local contributions. A school in the village of Culdaff was built and is principally supported by George Young, Esq., and his lady; and at Ballyharry is a school in connection with the National Board, and another at Caramora: in these schools about 140 boys and 100 girls are educated; and there are five private schools, in which are about 400 children, and three Sunday schools. On the summit of a steep rock, on the coast near Carthage are the remains of a circular fort, called Doonowen: it is nearly surrounded by the sea, and is supposed to have been the residence of the ancient proprietor of the barony of Ennishowen. At Cashel is a curious elevation, which appears to have been the site of a religious house; close adjoining are two perfect stone crosses of great antiquity, and near them the plinth of a third cross; at Baskil are two upright stones, supporting a horizontal one; and in several other parts of the parish are considerable remains of antiquity. The parish is said to have been the birth-place of the celebrated comedian Macklin.

CULFEIGHTRIN, or COOLFAYTON, a parish, in the barony of CAREY, county of ANTRIM, and province of ULSTER, 1/2 a mile (E.) from Ballycastle; containing 5012 inhabitants. This parish, which is also called Carey, from Castle Carey or Kerragh, which gave name to the barony, was the scene of a sanguinary conflict that took place between the forces of Mac Quellan and those of Sorley Boy Mac Donnell, who encamped on the plains of Bonamargy, on the 4th of July, 1569. This battle, by which the Mac Donnells obtained possession of the castles and estates of the Mac Quellans, is described as having continued throughout the whole vale of Glenshesk, of which every yard was fiercely contested, and nearly the entire surface strewed with the slain. The victory was at length determined in favour of the Mac Donnells, and the fate of Mac Quellan was finally decided on the mountains of Aura, on the 13th of the same month; Shane O'Dennis O'Nial fell in this battle, and his cairn or tumulus is still shewn near Cushendun. The parish, which is bounded on the north by the Atlantic ocean, comprises, according to the Ordnance survey, an area of 26,338 statute acres, including 49 acres under water. The surface is mountainous; the entire mountain of Carey, and the promontories of Fair Head, the most northern part of Ireland, and Tor Point being within the parish: the highest spot is Carnlea, which, according to the same survey, is 1253 feet above the sea. The system of agriculture is improving, but there are very large tracts of waste land, among which is the extensive mountain of Carey, covered with heath; the only profit from it is the peat or turf carried from its bogs for fuel: it is well stocked with grouse. The lower grounds are well cultivated, and the townland of Murloch, which is an inland continuation of the bold and craggy promontory of Fair Head, is extremely fertile, producing an abundance of corn and excellent pasturage. The collieries, generally known by the name of the Ballycastle mines, which were extensively worked about the middle of the last century, are in this parish, but were discontinued in 1833: it is supposed that the mines are exhausted, the workmen, on penetrating inland from the face of the promontory, for a distance of from a quarter to half a mile, having been stopped by a whin-dyke which here crosses the country, and though experimental shafts have been sunk on the other side of the dyke, lower than the levels previously wrought, no coal has been found: it is, however, conjectured that this mineral could be found by sinking under the former levels or beneath the surface of the sea. There are fine quarries of freestone, which are extensively worked, affording employment to a considerable number of persons; also valuable mines of coal under the promontory of Fair Head, and at Murloch; the former have never been worked, and the working of the latter has been discontinued for some years. The road from Belfast to the Giants' Causeway, along the shore, formerly led over the dreary mountain of Carey, where, for nearly ten miles, not a single habitation was to be seen. The royal military road is now in course of formation, by means of which that mountain will be avoided, or its difficulty obviated, and the baronies of Carey and Glenarm will be united by a splendid viaduct thrown across the romantic valley of Glendun. Great preparations have already been made by levelling the hills and the draining of bogs and lakes; the whole line of road for 8 miles through this parish is entirely new. The scenery is boldly diversified, including the stupendous rocks of Glendun, the lakes of Cranagh, and Tor Point and Fair Head, in the crags of which eagles build their nests. Within the limits of the parish are Church-field, the residence of T. Casement, Esq.; Cushendun House, of Edm. A. McNeill, Esq.; Cottage, of Major McAulay; Glenmona, of M. Harrison, Esq.; and a cottage residence of Gen. O'Neill. At Tor Point and Cushendun are coast-guard stations, which are two of the eight that form the district of Ballycastle.

The living is a rectory and vicarage, in the diocese of Connor, and in the patronage of the Bishop; the rectory was attached to the Chancellorship of Connor from the year 1600 till 1831, when, on the death of Dr. Trail, the late chancellor, it became a separate consolidated rectory and vicarage under Bishop Mant's act. The tithes amount to £350: there is neither glebe-house nor glebe. The church, a neat edifice, in the later English style, was erected in 1830, on the site of the ancient structure, by a loan of £600 from the late Board of First Fruits. It is in contemplation to erect a chapel of ease at Cushendun, now a fashionable watering-place, at the eastern extremity of the parish, and seven miles distant from the mother church, which is situated at the opposite extremity. In the R. C. divisions the parish is the head of a union or district, comprising also the Grange of Innispollan, and containing two chapels; that in Culfeightrin is at Carey, near the church. An excellent school-house was built at Bonamargy, near the bridge, by Alexander McNeil, Esq.; and there is also a school at Cushendun, chiefly supported by the resident gentry of the neighbourhood. About 180 children are educated in four private schools. On the bay of Cushendun are some fine remains of Castle Carey.

CULLEN, a parish, in the barony of DUHALLOW, county of CORK, and province of MUNSTER, 3 1/2 miles (N.) from Millstreet; containing 4385 inhabitants. It is situated on the Government new line of road from Killarney to Mallow (which will be of great benefit to the district in general), and on the north bank of the river Blackwater, and contains 13,409 statute acres, as applotted under the tithe act, and valued at £8478 per ann. The land, generally coarse, is occasionally good and under tillage; agriculture is gradually improving; there is a large portion of bog. Near Churchhill a culm mine has been worked for the last six years, which employs about 30 persons: brownstone, adapted for building, is found in the parish. The principal residences are Keale House, that of J. Leader, Jun., Esq.; Stake Hill, of Leonard Leader, Esq.; Church Hill, of Daniel McCartie, Esq.; Rathroe, of Denis McCarthy, Esq.; Derrigh, of Denis McCartie, Esq.; Knocknagehy, of J. Philpot, Esq.; Flintfield, of Denis O'Connell, Esq., M.D.; and Duaregill Castle, formerly belonging to the O'Keefes, the property and occasional residence of Dr. Justice, of Mallow. The living is a vicarage, in the diocese of Ardfert and Aghadoe, united since the year 1670, with those of Kilmeen and Droumtariffe; the rectory is partly appropriate to the deanery, and partly impropriate in the Earl of Donoughmore. The tithes amount to £328. 17. 4., of which £48. 17. 4. is payable to the lessee of the dean (being the rectorial tithes of 3162 acres), £130 to the lessee of the impropriator (being the rectorial tithes of 10,249 acres), and £150 to the vicar (being the vicarial tithes of the whole). The old church is in ruins; that of the union, and the glebe-house, are in Droumtariffe. In the R. C. divisions the parish is partly in the union or district of Droumtariffe, but chiefly in that of Millstreet: the chapel at Cullen is a modern slated building. There are four hedge schools, in which are about 230 children At Droumsicane, on the bank of the river Blackwater, are the picturesque ruins of an extensive square fortification, flanked by a round tower at each angle, the property of Sir Broderick Chinnery, Bart.: it had formerly a lofty square tower in the centre. Tradition says that at some remote period a battle was fought at Knockonard; and near Keale have been found spurs, spears, bronze battle-axes, and other relics. An ancient crescent of pure gold, weighing nearly 2 1/2 oz., and valued at £9 British, was found near Knocknagehy in 1834. Adjoining the ruins of the church is a holy well, dedicated to St. Laserian, where a patron is held annually on July 24th.

CULLEN, a parish, in the barony of KINNALEA, county of CORK, and province of MUNSTER, 5 miles (N. N. E.) from Kinsale, on the road to Cork; containing 1251 inhabitants. It comprises 3940 statute acres, as applotted under the tithe act. The land is generally good, but the system of agriculture necessary for a succession of crops has not yet been introduced, although, from its vicinity to Carrigaline, and the facility of procuring sea-sand and sea-weed, cultivation is comparatively in a thriving state. Glynney is the seat of G. N. Dunne, Esq. It is a rectory, in the diocese of Cork, and is part of the union of Templebready, and corps of the deanery of Cork: the tithes amount to £253. 16. 10., and there is an excellent glebe-house, on a glebe of 21 acres. There are some ruins of the old church; the Protestant inhabitants attend divine worship at Ballymartle. In the R. C. divisions the parish forms part of the union or district of Ballymartle. There is a day school of about 20 children.

CULLEN, a parish, partly in the barony of CLANWILLIAM, county of TIPPERARY, and partly in that of COONAGH, county of LIMERICK, and province of MUNSTER, 4 miles (N. W.) from Tipperary; containing 1412 inhabitants, of which number, 498 are in the village, which was formerly a market-town, but is now an inconsiderable place. Here is a constabulary police station; and two fairs are held, one moveable, either in May or June, the other on Oct. 29th. The living is a rectory, in the diocese of Emly, united from time immemorial to the rectories of Solloghodmore and Solloghodbeg, and the vicarage of Toughcluggin, together forming the union of Cullen, in the patronage of the Archbishop of Cashel. The tithes of the parish amount to £122. 7. 6 1/2., and of the union, to £591. 5. 7 1/4. The glebe-house was built by aid of a gift of £100 and a loan of £900, in 1819, from the late Board of First Fruits: there are three glebes in the union, comprising together 45 1/4 acres. The church is a plain building. In the R. C. divisions the parish forms part of the union or district of Lattin: the chapel is a small building. The parochial schools, in which about 20 boys and 10 girls are educated, are supported by the incumbent, and about 120 children are taught in two hedge schools. In a small bog has been found a great number of interesting relics of remote antiquity, an account of which was furnished to the Society of Antiquaries, in 1774, by Governor Pownall, and which is inserted in their Archaeologia.

CULLEN WAYNE, a parish, in the barony of CLONLISK, KING’S county, and province of LEINSTER, containing, with the post-town of Moneygall, 1653 inhabitants, of which number, 379 are in the town. This parish is situated on the road from Dublin to Limerick, and contains 3550 statute acres, of which about 1100 are reclaimable bog. The principal residences are Rathenney House, that of Maunsell Andrews, Esq., situated in a handsome demesne; Green Hills, of the Rev. W. Minchin; Silver Hills, of Mrs. Smith; and Rathenney Cottage, of J. Andrews, Esq. It is a rectory and vicarage, in the diocese of Killaloe, and is part of the union of Templeharry: the tithes amount to £227. 9. 10 1/4. In the R. C. divisions the parish forms part of the union or district of Dunkerrin; the chapel is at Moneygall. The parochial school is aided by the incumbent and other contributors; a school in the village is supported by the parish priest, and there are two others. There is also a private school, in which are about 30 boys and 10 girls.

CULLINSTOWN, a parish, in the barony of SKREEN, county of MEATH, and province of LEINSTER, 4 miles (S.) from Duleek; containing 298 inhabitants. This parish is situated on the confines of the county of Dublin, near the great north road from Dublin to Belfast, by Ashbourne: it is a rectory, in the diocese of Meath, entirely impropriate, and annexed to the union of Duleek. In the R. C. divisions also it forms part of the union or district of Duleek. There is a hedge school, aided by local subscriptions, in which are about 30 children.

CULLOHILL, a village, in the parish of AGHAMACART, barony of UPPER OSSORY, QUEEN’S county, and province of LEINSTER, 3 miles (W.) from Durrow, on the road to Kilkenny; the population is returned with the parish. Fairs are held on May 27th and Oct. 2nd, for farming stock in general, but particularly sheep. A constabulary police force is stationed here; and the parochial chapel of the district of Durrow is situated in the village. -- See Aghamacart.

CULLUMKILL, or COLUMBKILL, a parish, in the barony of GRANARD, county of LONGFORD, and province of LEINSTER, 3 miles (W.) from Granard, on the road to Arvagh; containing 8543 inhabitants. This parish is situated on Lough Gawnagh, commonly called Ernehead lake, which divides it into two parts, and is embellished with some very beautiful scenery. It contains 13,646 statute acres, of which several thousand are bog, and about 120 woodland. This is a mountain district, having large tracts of waste land; the crops are principally oats and potatoes. Near Derrycross is a slate quarry, which has never been worked; and there are quarries yielding limestone of the best kind. Erne-head, the handsome seat of J. Dopping, Esq., stands delightfully on the edge of the lake, in a demesne well planted with fine timber; and about two miles off, nearly surrounded by the lake, is Woodville, the seat of R. Lambert, Esq., commanding rich and extensive views of the lake and surrounding country; here is also Frankfort, the seat of J. McEvoy, Esq. It is a vicarage, in the diocese of Ardagh, and is part of the union of Granard; the rectory is impropriate in W. Fulke Greville, Esq. The tithes amount to £664. 12. 2 1/4., which is equally divided between the impropriator and the vicar. The church stands nearly in the centre of the parish, and is in good repair, and ornamented with minarets: it was erected in 1829, by aid of a gift of £830 from the late Board of First Fruits. In the R. C. divisions the parish is the head of a union or district, comprising also the western part of the parish of Abbeylaragh, and containing three chapels, one on the townland of Aughnacliffe, one on that of Ballinnulty, and one on that of Mullinloughto. A school is about to be established in connection with the Ardagh Diocesan Society; and about 600 boys and 260 girls are educated in ten private schools. A monastery of Canons Regular, founded about the middle of the fifth century by St. Columb, stood on Inchmore, or the Great Island, in Lough Gawnagh, on the confines of Cavan and Longford, partly in Abbeylaragh, and partly in Columbkill: the island consists of 20 or 30 acres, and is now uninhabited. This monastery was destroyed by the Danes in 804, but was restored, and continued to exist until the 15th century. On the borders of the lake are the remains of the castle of Rossduff: and near Dunbeggan are two druidical altars, one supported by two, and the other by three, upright stones. Near the church of Cullumkill is a beautiful specimen of jasper.

CULLYBACKEY, a village, in the parish of AHOGHILL, barony of LOWER TOOME, county of ANTRIM, and province of ULSTER, 8 miles (N. W.) from Ballymena; containing 235 inhabitants. This village, which is situated on the river Maine, contains about 50 houses, including a place of worship for Presbyterians. The manufacture of linen is extensively carried on, and a fair was formerly held for its sale. Cullybackey House was formerly the residence of John Dickey, Esq., by whom, in 1778, a corps was raised, called the Cullybackey volunteers; it is now the seat of John Dickey, Esq. Iron-works are said to have formerly existed here, and vitrified substances have been found.

CULMORE. -- See TEMPLEMORE.

CULMULLEN. -- See COLMOLYN.

CULTYMOUGH. -- See KILLEDAN.

CUMBER, county of Down. -- See COMBER.

CUMBER, LOWER, a parish, in the barony of TIRKEERAN, county of LONDONDERRY, and province of ULSTER, 6 miles (S. E. by S.) from Londonderry, on the road to Dungiven; containing 4584 inhabitants. This parish was separated from the original parish of Cumber in 1794, when this portion of it, comprising, according to the Ordnance survey, 14,909 statute acres, was constituted a parish of itself. The land under cultivation is very fertile, particularly that portion which lies in the vale of the Faughan; good pasturage is obtained on the mountains, which compose about one-third of its surface. Several mountain streams run through the parish, of which the Burntallaght is the most interesting; on this water is a beautiful cascade, called the Neiss, which falls over a ridge of clay-slate nearly 80 feet. Considerable portions of the parish are the property of some of the London chartered companies, by whom great improvements have been effected. In the vale of the Faughan, which extends through the parish and is pleasingly wooded, stand several elegant houses, surrounded by grounds of singular beauty. The inhabitants combine with their agricultural pursuits the weaving of linen cloth; and there is an extensive bleach-green, where 16,000 pieces are annually finished, principally for the English market. There are several handsome bridges both of wood and stone, and between the Oaks and Oaks Lodge is a suspension bridge, which, as seen from the road, has a very pleasing effect. The principal residences are the Oaks, that of Acheson Lyle, Esq.; Oaks Lodge, of Hugh Lyle, Esq.; the Cross, of James Smith, Esq.; and the Glebe-house, of the Rev. Wm. Hayden.

The living is a rectory, in the diocese of Derry, and in the patronage of the Bishop: the tithes amount to £560. The glebe-house was erected in 1800, by a gift of £100 from the late Board of First Fruits: the glebe comprises 106 acres, of which about 30 are uncultivated. The church is a convenient and substantial edifice, built in 1795, by aid of a gift of £500 from the Board. The rector has every fifth presentation to the perpetual cure of Learmount, a district formed out of the original parish of Cumber, in 1831. In the R. C. divisions the parish is partly in the union or district of Glendermot, and partly in that of Cumber Claudy; the chapel, which belongs to the former, is a small edifice, situated at Mullaghbuoy, in the mountain district. The Presbyterians have a large meeting-house at Breakfield, in connection with the Synod of Ulster, of the first class. The male and female parochial schools at Aughill are supported by the rector; and there are large schools at Ervey, Tamnamore, and Ballinamore; the first was built and is supported by the Grocers' Company. The remains of antiquity are numerous; at Slaght Manus is a very large cromlech, the table stone of which is 10 feet long, and is supported by four pillars; and at Mullaghbuoy are the remains of another, but less perfect. In the townland of Listress is a large artificial cave, with five chambers, all built of field stones, covered with broad flag-stones, over which is a covering of earth two feet thick.

CUMBER, UPPER, a parish, partly in the barony of STRABANE, county of TYRONE, but chiefly in that of TIRKEERAN, county of DERRY, and province of ULSTER, 7 1/2 miles (N. E.) from Londonderry; containing, with Claudy (which has a daily penny post), 5430 inhabitants. The early history of this parish cannot be satisfactorily traced, further than that St. Patrick, having crossed the Foyle, founded several churches in this district, one of which occupied the site of the present church of Cumber. The original name is variously written by early historians; the present is modern, and acquired since the taxation of Pope Nicholas in 1291. At the Reformation the rectory belonged to the abbey of Derry, and was given by Jas. I. to the bishop, as part of the abbey lands. In 1622, it appears, by the Ulster Visitation book, to have been held with Banagher. The ancient parish of Cumber was the most extensive in the diocese, until 1794, when it was divided into Upper and Lower Cumber, by order in council: the parish of Upper Cumber, according to the Ordnance survey, comprising 26,202 1/4 statute acres, of which 23,072 3/4 are in Derry, and 3129 1/2 in Tyrone; the latter form a hilly district amid the Mounterloney mountains. In some parts, particularly on the Walworth estate, and on that of Learmont, the land, though hilly, is well cultivated; the extensive bogs are being worked out, and brought into cultivation. The inhabitants combine the weaving of linen cloth, with agricultural pursuits; there are several commodious and excellent bleach-greens on the Faughan water, none of which, however, are now at work. The southern parts of the parish consist chiefly of mountains, the principal of which is Sawel, the highest in the county, being 2236 feet above the level of the sea; its summit is on the boundary between two counties. These mountains afford excellent pasturage on every side; and the rivers Faughan, Glenrandle, and Dungorthin have their sources in them. There are large woods and much valuable timber in the demesne of Park-Learmont; and the plantations of Cumber, Alla, and Kilcatton greatly embellish the surrounding scenery. There are several large and elegant houses, of which the principal are Learmont, the seat of Barre Beresford, Esq.; Cumber House, of John H. Browne, Esq.; Kilcatton Hall, of Alexander Ogilby, Esq.; and Alla, of the Rev. Francis Brownlow.

The living is a rectory, in the diocese of Derry, and forms the corps of a prebend in the cathedral of Derry, in the patronage of the Bishop: the tithes amount to £740. The glebe, situated in Glenrandle, half a mile from the church, consists of the townlands of Alla, Gilky Hill, and Tullentraim, containing 1508 statute acres. The church is a large modern edifice, with a small bell turret on the western gable, erected in 1757, on the site of an ancient building. In 1831, eight townlands were separated from the parish, to form part of the new district or parish of Learmont, and the rector of Upper Cumber has the alternate presentation to that perpetual cure. In the R. C. divisions the parish is partly included in the union or district of Banagher, and partly forms the head of a district, comprising also a part of that of Lower Cumber; there are chapels at Claudy and Gortscreagan. The Presbyterians have a meeting-house at Claudy, in connection with the Synod of Ulster. The parochial school, situated on the glebe lands of Alla, is well built and convenient; it is supported by the trustees of Erasmus Smith's charity, and is under the management of the rector, who has endowed it with two acres of land. Male and female schools were built and are supported by the Fishmongers' Company; and they have also excellent male and female schools at Gortilea and Killycor. There are also schools at Ballyarton, Craig, Kilcatton, and Claudy. A female school at Claudy is principally supported by Lady Catherine Brownlow, who likewise contributes to some others. A female work school at Cumber was built and is supported by Mrs. Browne and other ladies of the parish. A male and female school at Learmont is principally supported by the Beresford family. There are also Sunday schools and a private day school. At Mulderg is a large dispensary, built and supported by the Fishmongers' Company. There are the remains of a druidical altar at Baltibrecan; and at Altaghoney were discovered, in the summer of 1835, three stone coffins, each covered with three flag stones, and in each an urn containing ashes, calcined bones, &c. The graves were two feet deep in the gravel, where 8 feet of bog had been cut off the surface; and near the coffins were two idols, carved out of solid oak, which, with the urns, are now in good preservation, in the museum of Alex. Ogilby, Esq., of Kilcatton, who has also a good collection of landscapes, groups, &c, more than 200 of which are from his own pencil.

CURDANGAN. -- See CARDANGAN.

CURNASASE, a village, in the parish of DULEEN, barony of UPPER KELLS, county of MEATH, and province of LEINSTER; containing 21 thatched houses and 108 inhabitants.

CURNASEER, a village, in the parish of KILTOOM, barony of ATHLONE, county of ROSCOMMON, and province of CONNAUGHT, 3 miles (N. W.) from Athlone, on the road to Roscommon; the population is returned with the parish. It has a station of the constabulary police. A large R. C. chapel is in course of erection near it, also a school-house, which is to be in connection with the National Board.

CUROFIN, or COROFIN, a small market and post-town, in the parish of KILNEBOY, barony of INCHIQUIN, county of CLARE, and province of MUNSTER, 7 miles (N. N. W.) from Ennis, on the road to Kilfenora, and 118 miles (W. S. W.) from Dublin; containing 900 inhabitants. This town is situated about three-quarters of a mile south-east of Inchiquin lake, and near the western extremity of Lough Tadane: these loughs are connected by a river flowing through them, which is here crossed by a stone bridge. It comprises about 140 houses, mostly thatched, and consists of one main street, commencing near the bridge, and a shorter one branching off, towards the east, at the end of which stands the church, and on the south side of it the R. C. chapel. Considerable quantities of yarn stockings, the manufacture of the surrounding country, were formerly brought to this place for sale, but the trade has long been on the decline. Adjoining the bridge is Richmond, the residence of the Rev. S. Walsh, P. P.; and about three-quarters of a mile west of the town, and near the shore of Inchiquin lake, is Riverstown, the old mansion of the Burton family, now converted into a chief constabulary police station. A boat race has lately been established on the lake of Inchiquin (which is remarkable for the beauty of its scenery and for its fine trout), and is likely to become annual. Lough Tadane is said to abound with roach and very large pike. A small market is held on Wednesday; and there are two fairs, one on the day before Ascension-day, and one on Nov. 22nd. The market-house is an old building, supported by slanting buttresses, and is at present almost disused, the corn being chiefly sent to Ennis. Petty sessions are held on alternate Wednesdays; and road sessions for the district are also held here. A seneschal's court for the manor of Inchiquin is occasionally held, in which small debts are recoverable. The church is a small neat edifice. The R. C. chapel is a spacious slated building, erected by subscription about ten years since. The parochial school is chiefly supported by the Rev. Mr. Blood and Edward Synge, Esq. Here is also a large school, under the patronage of the parish priest. Hugh McCur-tin, the learned antiquary, grammarian, and poet, author of an Irish dictionary, died here about 1720, and was interred at Kilvedane, in the neighbourhood. -- See KILNEBOY.

CURRAGH, a hamlet, in the parish of DULEEN, barony of UPPER KELLS, county of MEATH, and province of LEINSTER; containing 78 inhabitants.

CURRAGHALEEN, a village, in the parish of DRUM, barony of ATHLONE, county of ROSCOMMON, and province of CONNAUGHT, 4 miles (W. by S.) from Athlone: the population is returned with the parish.

CURRAGRANEMORE, a parish, in the barony of IBANE and BARRYROE, county of CORK, and province of MUNSTER, 2 3/4 miles (S. E.) from Clonakilty; containing 63 inhabitants. This place is locally situated within the parish of Templeomalus, of which it is considered to form a part: it comprises only 120 acres, which are tithe free, and constitutes a prebend in the cathedral of Ross, in the patronage of the Bishop. The income of the prebendary arises solely from the rent of lands leased to Mr. John Barret for £55. 7. 8. per annum.

CURRAN, a village, in the detached portion of the parish of MAGHERA, barony of LOUGHINSHOLIN, county of LONDONDERRY, and province of ULSTER, 3 miles (N. E.) from Maghera; containing 34 houses and 174 inhabitants. This village is situated on the road from Tobbermore to Castledawson, and on the river Moyola, which is here crossed by a handsome bridge. Fairs are held on June 23rd and November 22nd, for cattle and pigs; and there is a large flour-mill in the village. Here are a male and female school under the National Board. The land around the village, except on the banks of the Moyola, is poor; there are large and valuable bogs extending hence to Tobbermore. -- See Maghera.

CURRANROE, a village, in the parish of ABBEY, barony of BURREN, county of CLARE, and province of MUNSTER, 2 miles (E.) from Burren; containing 92 inhabitants. This village is situated at the extremity of an inlet from the bay of Galway, which forms the harbour of Burren, or New Quay, into which the sea rushes with considerable force for nearly four miles, and up to Curranroe bridge, which forms the boundary of the counties of Clare and Galway. It is a neat and improving place, several slated houses having been erected within the last few years; and is a station of the constabulary police. Here is a small quay, at which turf and sea manure are landed; but in consequence of the new road lately made towards the interior, it is about to be removed, and a more commodious one constructed by Burton Bindon, Esq., who employs a considerable number of labourers in clearing the ground of stones, and placing them on the slab in the bay, to promote the growth of sea weed, in which a great trade is here carried on. Curranroe, the neat cottage residence and farming establishment of Mr. Bindon, is in the village, and in the vicinity is the great oyster bed called the Red Bank, which is described in the article on the parish of Abbey.

CURRENS, a parish, partly in the barony of MAGONIHY, and partly in that of TRUGHENACKMY, county of KERRY, and province of MUNSTER, 6 1/4 miles (N. E.) from Milltown; containing 1565 inhabitants. This parish is situated on the road from Castle Island to Dingle, and on the rivers Mang, or Maine, and the Brown Flesk; it comprises 4456 1/2 statute acres, as applotted under the tithe act, of which about three-fifths lie on the south of the Maine, and in the barony of Magonihy. The soil is light, and agriculture is improving; the substratum on the north of the Maine consists of limestone, which is much used for manure, and there is a quarry of good stone adapted for building; there are some patches of bog. Riverville is the seat of Richard Marshall, Esq. A large cattle fair is held on May 6th; two other fairs formerly held have been discontinued. It is a rectory and vicarage, in the diocese of Ardfert and Aghadoe, and is part of the union of Kiltallagh: the tithes amount to £162. 3. 1., of which £58. 3. 1. is payable to the rector of Ballymacelligott, for the rectorial tithes of that part of the parish which lies north of the Maine; £47 to the incumbent, for his vicarial tithes of the same portion; and £57 to the same for the entire tithes of that portion which lies south of the Maine. In the R. C. divisions the greater part of this parish is in the union or district of Ballymacelligott; the remainder forms the head of a district, comprising also the parishes of Dysart and Killentierna: the parochial chapel is in the village of Currens, and there is a chapel of ease in Killentierna. About 40 children are educated in a hedge school.

CURRICUPPANE, or CURRIKIPPANE, a parish, in the county of the city of CORK, and province of MUNSTER, 2 1/4 miles (W.) from Cork; containing 1042 inhabitants. This parish is bounded on the south by the river Lee, and on the west by the Shawnagh or Awnbeg, which is also the boundary between the dioceses of Cork and Cloyne. It comprises 2094 statute acres, as applotted under the tithe act, and valued at £4482 per annum. The surface is undulating, rising in some parts into very considerable eminences immediately from the banks of the Lee, and commanding a fine view of the course of that river through a beautiful and rich tract of country, with the fertile district of Carrigrohane and Ovens to the west, and of the city of Cork and its suburbs to the east, beyond which is the noble expanse of the Lee to Blackrock. The lands are chiefly meadow and pasture, and what is under tillage is in an excellent state of cultivation; the soil is fertile, and the supply of manure abundant. The elevated districts are all of the clay-slate formation; some are richly planted, and have a picturesque and beautiful appearance. The principal gentlemen's seats are Leemount, the residence of Capt. Thos. Otho Travers; Kitsborough, of William Wagget, Esq.; Prospect, of A. Morgan, Esq.; Mount Desert, of N. Dunscombe, Esq.; West Hill, of the Rev. J. Webb, LL.D; Mount Desert, of T. J. Wise, Esq.; Lee Bank, of R. Hatton, Esq.; and Hillsborough, of C. W. Dunscombe, Esq. It is a rectory, in the diocese of Cork, and forms part of the union of Carrigrohane and corps of the precentorship in the cathedral church of St. Finbarr, Cork: the tithes amount to £280. The church has been for many years in ruins, and the Protestant parishioners attend the church of Carrigrohane; there is neither glebe-house nor glebe. In the R. C. divisions it forms part of the union or district of North Parish, Cork; the chapel is a plain building.

CURRIGLASS, a village, in the parish of MOGEALY, barony of KINNATALOON, county of CORK, and province of MUNSTER, 1 3/4 mile (W.) from Tallow, on the road to Fermoy; containing 514 inhabitants. This village is situated in the fertile vale of the Bride, and near the confines of the counties of Cork and Waterford: it consists of a short street extending nearly east and west, with another branching from it towards the south. The parochial church, a small but neat structure with a square tower, is near the east end of the village. Here is a station of the constabulary police; also a male and female school in connection with the National Board. In the vicinity are numerous gentlemen's seats, embosomed in finely wooded demesnes. Adjoining the village are three trees, an oak, a cedar, and a holly, remarkable for their size and vigour; and some of the pleasure-grounds contain a variety of valuable exotics of great size and beauty, particularly the Verbena, which flourishes here in the open air. -- See Mogealy.

CURRIN, a parish, partly in the barony of COOLE, county of FERMANAGH, but chiefly in the barony of DARTRY, county of MONAGHAN, and province of ULSTER, 3 miles (S. W.) from Clones, on the road to Ballyhaise and Stradone; containing, with the town of Drum and the village of Scotshouse (each of which is separately described), 7180 inhabitants. This parish comprises, according to the Ordnance survey, 11,372 statute acres, of which 10,987 are in Monaghan, and 385 in Fermanagh. The land is chiefly arable; there are about 200 acres of woodland, but little bog, and fuel is very scarce. There are several lakes in the parish, of which those contiguous to Drum, and to the Hilton demesne, are the most extensive. In addition to agricultural labour, the chief occupation of the inhabitants is the linen manufacture. Hilton Lodge, the beautiful residence of Col. Madden, is situated on the confines of Fermanagh, and commands a fine view of the neighbouring mountains; the demesne, which is several hundred acres in extent, is well furnished with fine timber, and has a well stocked deer park. The other seats are Minore, that of Captain Cottnam; and Laurel Hill, the property of George Moore, Esq.

The living is a rectory and vicarage, in the diocese of Clogher, united by episcopal authority to part of the rectory and vicarage of Drumkrin, together forming the union of Currin, in the patronage of the Bishop. The tithes amount to £400, and the gross tithes of the benefice to £584. The glebe, which was erected by a gift of £380. 15. from the late Board of First Fruits, in 1828, comprises 60 acres of profitable land, valued at £100 per annum. The parochial church, at Scotshouse, is a neat modern structure in good repair; there is also a chapel of ease at Drum. On the next avoidance it is provided by acts of council, dated Jan. 7th, 1804, and March 6th, 1806, that the union be dissolved, when the part of Drumkrin will be attached to the parish of Drummully. The R. C. parish is co-extensive with that of the Established Church: the chapel is at Scotshouse. There are two Presbyterian meeting-houses in Drum, one in connection with the Synod of Ulster, of the third class; and one for Seceders, of the second class. There are schools at Scotshouse, Tattenaghcake, Carnagarry, Aghrea, Mockla, Carne, Laurel Hill, Killefargy, and Drum, in which are about 530 boys and 330 girls. There are also three private schools, in which are about 40 boys and 20 girls; and six Sunday schools.

CURROHILL and MENTAUGHS, an extra-parochial district, in the barony of ENNISHOWEN, county of DONEGAL, and province of ULSTER; containing 311 inhabitants. This district was formerly part of the lands appertaining to the abbey of Derry, or Templemore, and is locally situated in the parish of Clonmany.

CURRY, a village, in the parish of ACHONRY, barony of LINEY, county of SLIGO, and province of CONNAUGHT, 9 miles (S. W.) from Ballymote, on the road to Swinford, containing about 40 houses and 167 inhabitants. It gives name to the R. C. district, the parochial chapel of which stands here. Fairs are held on Ascension-day, Corpus Christi, and Aug. 9th.

CUSHENDALL, or NEWTOWN-GLENNS, a post-town, in the parish of LAYDE, barony of LOWER GLENARM, county of ANTRIM, and province of ULSTER, 10 miles (N. W.) from Glenarm, and 116 miles (N.) from Dublin; containing 481 inhabitants. This place is beautifully situated within a quarter of a mile from the sea, on the Glenagan stream, which falls into Cushendall bay immediately below the town; it is also intersected by the river Dall, over which a handsome stone bridge has been erected. The surrounding country is strikingly romantic; and the coast, independently of the picturesque scenery it affords, is highly interesting to the geologist, from the diversity of its strata and the numerous caverns with which it abounds. The town, which is neatly built, contains about 90 houses, and is much frequented by persons visiting the Giants' Causeway, to which the new military road along the coast passes through it, and a handsome and commodious hotel has been built for their accommodation. The parish church of Layde, a small neat edifice at the western end of the town, was built in 1832, by a gift of £900 from the late Board of First Fruits. Cushendall bay affords good anchorage for vessels in from 3 to 9 fathoms of water. Fairs, chiefly for Raghery ponies, cattle, sheep, and provisions, are held on Feb. 14th, March 17th, May 14th, Aug. 15th, Sept. 29th, Nov. 14th, and Dec. 22nd. The market-house is a convenient building. A constabulary police station has been established here; also a coast-guard station, which is one of the eight constituting the district of Ballycastle. Petty sessions are held every alternate week; and there is a house of correction in the town. On a mount in it is a castle, which is attributed to the Danes. -- See Layde.

CUSHENDUN, a small sea-port, partly in the parish of CULFEIGHTRIN, in the barony of CAREY, and partly in that of LAYDE, barony of LOWER GLENARM, county of ANTRIM, and province of ULSTER, 3 miles (N. N. E.) from Cushendall; the population is returned with the respective parishes. This place is situated on a small bay of that name, at the mouth of the river Dun or Glendun, and has recently been much frequented as a watering-place during the summer season. It appears to have derived its name from its situation near the mouth of the Dun, and carries on some trade in cattle and pigs with the opposite coast of Cantire, in Scotland. Here are extensive quarries of freestone. The harbour, which has been formed by the construction of a pier, partly at the expense of Government, affords good shelter to a number of small vessels, which remain here all the winter; it has good anchorage in winds blowing from the shore, and vessels of 50 tons' burden can cross the bar. There are a few small vessels from 14 to 20 tons' burden belonging to the port, and several boats are employed in the herring fishery in the bay. Here is a coast-guard station, forming one of the eight which constitute the district of Ballycastle. On the coast are some spacious caverns of singular construction.

CUSHINGTOWN. -- See CARNAGH.

C1 | C2 | C3|